• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.4C
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• pp.333-341
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• 2002

This article is written to make a foundation for effective radio network engineering by enabling the accurate traffic assumption between Base Station (BTS : Base Station Transceiver Subsystem) md Repeater through the scientific and systematic analysis of mobile traffic dealt within CDMA Base Station. Among these, Repeater, having direct physical connection with BTS, simply does the remote relay function but the volume of the traffic flowed into the repeater is not accountable. The total BTS traffic is the sum of traffic dealt by the BTS and multiple Repeaters. In this article, we tried traffic analysis of this kind by adopting RTD (Round Trip Delay) which is specially designed to measure distribution of the distance between the Base Station and the Mobile station by differentiating the traffic dealt by BTS from traffic dealt by Repeaters. The fact that the connection between mobile station and BTS via Repeater (which is located remotely) yields far more delay than the direct connection between mobile station and BTS is the clue of this article. Based on this fact, Time Delay equipment was put at the receiving side of the Repeater to add certain amount of delay to the traffic to BTS and the result showed that the 99.78% of the traffic can be identified.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12B
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• pp.1708-1721
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• 2011

Recent outbreak of cattle diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease(FMD) requires constant monitoring of burial sites of mass cull of cattles. However, current monitoring system takes environmental samples from burial sites with period of between one and two weeks, which makes it impossible for non-stop management of hazardous bio-waste. Therefore, in this study, we suggest an improved real-time environmental monitoring system for such bio-hazardous sites based on wireless sensor networks, which makes constant surveillance of the FMD burial sites possible. The system consists mainly several wireless environmental monitoring sensors(i.e dust, Co2, VOC, NH3, H2S, temperature, humidity) nodes and GPS location tracking nodes. Through analysis of the relayed of the environmental monitoring data via gateway, the system makes it possible for constant monitoring and quick response for emergency situation of the burial sites. In order to test the effectiveness of the system, we have installed a set of sensor to gas outlets of the burial sites, then collected and analyzed measured bio-sensing data. We have conducted simulated emergency test runs and was able to detect and monitor the foul smell constantly. With our study, we confirm that the preventive measures and quick response of bio environmental accident are possible with the help of a real-time environmental monitoring system.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.93-102
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to create a preferable corporate culture under the SmartWork environment. There is growing interests in SmartWork, which can satisfy the compatible conditions of government's carbon emission restriction policy, corporate efficient expense reduction, productivity maximization, and each individual's work and a family. Due to the interests and the rapid development of IT technology, a realistic condition for SmartWork is established but the promotion without a sufficient preparation, such as legal examination and relevant systems, created much confusion and very few companies are introducing it. This paper discusses that a social agreement should be reached through adjustments among parties interested, such as government, companies, and employees, studies the WIN-WIN plan that individuals and organization can grow together, and proposes a new corporate culture under the SmartWork environment. SmartWork has more than the simple meaning of 'remote working'. SmartWork, a method of smart working, means a transition to a new paradigm that minimizes moving for work and work & human move together, and a change from a work-oriented culture to a human-oriented culture. This paper summarized the role of government and companies for the successful introduction of SmartWork, and proposed that a government level 'SmartWork Activation Executive Committee (tentative name)' with a strong promotional power would create a new culture of SmartWork and form a civilian consultative body to support SmartWork corporate culture creation & expansion in the private corporate area, in a tuning with Ministry of Public Administration & Security, Ministry of Labor, Ministry of Gender, and Communications Commission.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.7
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• pp.630-642
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• 2013

To transmit vital signal stream of mobile patients remotely, it requires mobility of patient and watcher, sensing function of patient's abnormal symptom and self-organizing service binding of related computing resources. In the existing relative researches, the vital signal stream is transmitted as a centralized approach which exposure the single point of failure itself and incur data traffic to central server although it is localized service. Self-organizing middleware platform based on heterogenous overlay network is a middleware platform which can transmit real-time data from sensor device(including vital signal measure devices) to Smartphone, TV, PC and external system through overlay network applied self-organizing mechanism. It can transmit and save vital signal stream from sensor device autonomically without arbitration of management server and several receiving devices can simultaneously receive and display through interaction of nodes in real-time.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

Analysis of combat effectiveness is required to consider the concept of tactical cooperative engagement between manned-unmanned weapon systems, in order to predict the required operational capabilities of future weapon systems that meets the concept of 'effect-based synchronized operations.' However, analytical methods such as mathematical and statistical models make it difficult to analyze the effects of complex systems under nonlinear warfare. In this paper, we propose a combat simulation model that can simulate the concept of cooperative engagement between manned-unmanned combat entities based on wireless communications. First, we model unmanned combat entities, e.g., unmanned ground vehicles and drones, and manned combat entities, e.g., combatants and artillery, considering the capabilities required by the future ground system. We also simulate tactical behavior in which all entities perform their mission while sharing battlefield situation information through wireless communications. Finally we explore the feasibility of the proposed model by analyzing combat effectiveness such as target acquisition rate, remote control success rate, reconnaissance lead time, survival rate, and enemy's loss rate under a small-unit armor reconnaissance scenario. The proposed model is expected to be used in war-game combat experiments as well as analysis of the effects of manned-unmanned ground weapons.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 2020

A smart key has been used in a variety of embedded environments and there also have been attacks from a remote place by amplifying signals at a location of a user. Existing studies on defence techniques suggest multiple sensors and hash functions to improve authentication speed; these, however, increase the electricity usage and the probability of type 1 error. For these reasons, I suggest an embedded security controller based on client authentication and user movement information improving the authentication method between a controller and a host device. I applied encryption algorithm to the suggested model for communication using an Arduino board, GPS, and Bluetooth and performed authentication through path analysis utilizing user movement information for the authentication. I found that the change in usability was nonsignificant when performing actions using the suggested model by evaluating the time to encode and decode. The embedded security controller in the model can be applied to the system of a remote controller for a two-wheeled vehicle or a mobile and stationary host device; in the process of studying, I found that encryption and decryption could take less then 100ms. The later study may deal with protocols to speed up the data communication including encryption and decryption and the path data management.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.679-691
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• 2016

As vehicle started to contain many different communication devices, collecting external information became possible in IoT environment. In such environment, remotely controling vehicle is possible when vehicle information is obtained by looking in to vehicle network through smart device. However, android based smart device applications are vulnerable to malicious modulation and redistribution. Modulated android application can lead to vehicle information disclosure that could bring about vehicle control accident which becomes threat to drivers. furthermore, since vehicles today does not contain security methods to protect it, they are very vulnerable to security threats which can cause serious damage to users and properties. In this paper, many different vehicle management android applications that are sold in Google Play has been analyzed. With this information, possible threats that could happen in vehicle management applications are being analysed to prove the risks. the experiment is done on actual vehicle to prove the risks. Also, access control method to protect the vehicle against malicious actions that could happen through external network in IoT environment is suggested in the paper.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.10B
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• pp.1222-1232
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• 2011

RFID/USN core technologies for ubiquitous computing, It is possible to use variety of sensors, direct processors, and wireless network technology that easily collect the actual physical environment and can monitor information remotely. Especially the healthcare industry and services combined with U-Healthcare that have international competitiveness in the medical field. But the USN, standard management system of RFID such as EPCglobal architecture framework, the lack of interoperability issues and the global sensor network implementation. In this paper, a system for managing sensor nodes of the USN, USN of SIP-based management system (UMS) is proposed. UMS support Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), provide session management and mobility capabilities, that is based on Internet standard protocol. UMS architecture of the existing SIP architecture, added USN User Agent (UUA) and the USN Name Server (UNS) that the location of sensor nodes should be possible to trace. UUA on behalf of the limited capacity of the location of the sensor nodes to perform the registration process, UNS to track the location of the sensor nodes to provide name resolution services. The proposed management system has the advantage of internet applications such as Web services interoperability and easy to recycle existing resources with other SIP-based because it uses the Internet standard protocol SIP. In this paper we propose is based on the UMS blood temperature management system is verified through the scenario.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.3B
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• pp.275-286
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• 2011

As the 21st century paradigm of healthcare service changes from post-therapeutic treatment to disease prevention and management in advance, the M2M-based u-healthcare application service is increasingly important. M2M-based u-healthcare application service uses mobile handsets equipped with sensors to measure vital information, and the medical staff in remote locations can manage the health of the patient or the public in real time. In this paper, IEEE/HL7 translation gateway, utilizing the gateway based on M2M u-healthcare application service structure, which is based on international standards, has been designed and implemented. Specifically, the gateway between ISO/IEEE 11073 standards and ANSI HL7 has been developed. The former defines the protocol for the exchange of information between the agent device and the manger devices for measuring and handling biological signal, and the latter defines the application layer protocol for the exchange of various healthcare information systems. Finally, in order to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed architecture, the M2M-based U-healthcare application service based on IEEE/HL7 translation gateway, utilizing the gateway, has been developed which can measure, collect and process a variety of vital signs such as ECG or SpO2.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.260-265
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• 1999

멀티빔 음향측심기(Multibeam Echo Sounder)는 기존의 단빔 음향측심기(Singlebeam Echo Sounder)와 달리 탐사선 진행방향의 수직(Crosstrack)으로 해저면을 주사(Swath)하여, 한 번의 송수신(Ping)으로 다중의 빔 자료 - 수심, 후방산란된 음압(Backscattered Amplitude), 사이드 스캔 소나(Side Scan Sonar) 자료 - 를 취득하는 장비이다. 멀티빔 음향 측심기를 이용한 해저면 탐사의 경우, 수심이 변함에 따라 주사폭(Swath width)이 변화하고, 각 빔의 수평 해상도(Footprint)는 수심과 더불어 빔폭(Beam width)에 의하여 동적으로 변화한다. 멀티빔 음향 측심기는 해저면을 전역탐사 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 연속된 음향 탐사를 통하여 이웃한 핑 사이에 발생하는 전방중첩영역(Endlap)과 이웃 측선(Trackline)을 따라 겹쳐지는 측방중첩영역(Sidelap)의 자료들을 이용하여 멀티 뎀 자료들의 전반적인 정확도 및 신뢰도를 평가할 수 있다. 본 논문은 수로 측량(Hydrographic Survey)에서 사용되는 멀티빔 음향 측심기를 운영하여 얻어진 측심 자료를 처리하는 알고리즘 개발에 관한 연구이다. 본 논문에서는 L3사의 Sea Beam 2100 벌티빔 음향 측심기를 대상으로, 멀티빔의 측심 원리와 해저 지형에 대한 일반적 이해를 통하여 획득된 측심 자료의 통계적 특성을 파악하고, 오측심된 수심 자료를 제거하는 방법을 제안하며, 측심 구간의 대표격자 크기를 결정하는 기준을 제시한다. 또한, 항공원격탐사에서 고도 추정시 사용되고 있는, 평균보간법, 가중평균 보간법과, 본 논문에서 제안하는 격자 대표값 선정 알고리즘(Gridding Algorithms)의 결과를 비교하고, 최종적으로 얻어지는 해저 수치지형모델(DEM, Digital Elevation Model)과 후방산란 영상을 제시한다. 빠른 한지형잔디들이 지표면을 피복하도록 하고 여름의 고온기와 장마시기에는 뿌리전단력이 우수한 이러한 초종들로 지표면이 피복되도록 하는 것이 이상적이라 생각된다. 4. 혼파처리간의 토사유출량을 비교한 결과 토사 유출 억제효과는 한지형과 나지형잔디들의 혼합형(MixtureIII)과 자생처리구(MixtureV), Italian ryegrass와 자생식물의 혼합형(MixtureIV)등에서 비교적 낮은 수치를 토사유출량을 기록하였다. 이러한 결과는 자생식물들이 비록 초기생육속도는 외래도입초종에 떨어지지만 토사유출의 억제효과면에서는 이들 외래초종에 필적할 수 있음을 나타낸다고 할 수 있겠다.중량이 약 115kg/$m^2$정도로 나타났다.소 들(환경의 의미, 사람의 목적과 지식)보다 미학적 경험에 주는 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 모든 사람들에게 비슷한 미학적 경험을 발생시키는 것 이 밝혀졌다. 다시 말하면 모든 사람들은 그들의 문화적인 국적과 사회적 인 직업의 차이, 목적의 차이, 또한 환경의 의미의 차이에 상관없이 아름다 운 경관(High-beauty landscape)을 주거지나 나들이 장소로서 선호했으며, 아름답다고 평가했다. 반면에, 사람들이 갖고 있는 문화의 차이, 직업의 차 이, 목적의 차이, 그리고 환경의 의미의 차이에 따라 경관의 미학적 평가가 달라진 것으로 나타났다.corner$적 의도에 의한 경관구성의 일면을 확인할수 있지만 엄밀히 생각하여 보면 이러한 예의 경우도 최락의 총체적인 외형은 마찬가지로 $\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$의 범위를 벗어나지 않는다. 그렇기 때문에도 $\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$과 $\ulcorner$표현$\lrcorner$의 성격과 형태를 외형상으로 더욱이 공간상에서는 뚜렷하게 경계