• 석재인
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• no.3
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• pp.1-1
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2005

This study was conducted selecting 44 places with a block unit subject to urban area in Gangnam-gu, to analyze a temperature change according to land use and green structure. In this study, it was used the broad-wide urban temperature, supported by Landset TM and ETM+ satellite image 6scene(1999${\~}$2002). The result of the research, the land use pattern has slightly influence on a temperature change of urban area. The result from correlation analysis between temperature and the factors affected by land cover type, such as building-to-land ratio(A correlation coefficient is 0.368${\~}$0.709) have positive correlation and green area ratio(a correlation coefficient is -0.551${\~}$-0.860) have negative correlation. The result from correlation analysis between temperature and green capacity of the land, crown projection area ratio, each factor have negative correlation with temperature, as showing that a correlation coefficient of green capacity of the land is -0.577(June 2006)${\~}$-0.882(June 1999) and crown projection area ratio's is -0.549(June 2001)${\~}$-0.817(June 1999). The result of the regression analysis for establishing urban area temperature change prediction model showed that green capacity of the land of the explanation variable was accepted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.407-412
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• 2017

This study investigates the correlations between the total prostate volume (TPV), using the prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) as the blood test results and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), and the prostate transition zone volume (PTZV), as well as variables such as age; the findings can be used as clinical indicators. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 68 healthy men in their 30s who underwent TRUS and PSA and PSAD blood tests from June 2007 to April 2016, with no history of treatment in their prostate. Siemens Acuson sequoia 512 and the probe Siemens EC-10C5 Endocavitary were used as the ultrasound equipment. For statistical analysis, SPSS 18.0 was used to calculate the standard deviation and mean of each variable; Pearson's correlation analysis was also performed. The descriptive statistics of the variables were $24.27{\pm}6.60$ for TPV, $6.99{\pm}6.60$ for PTZV, $2.12{\pm}2.76$ for PSA, and $0.281{\pm}0.1$ for PSAD. The coefficients of correlations between PTZV and variables were 0.831 for PSAD, 0.707 for TPV, 0.398 for age, and 0.118 for PSA. While PSA and age were positively correlated, PSAD and TPV were highly correlated. Therefore, PTZV of men in their 30s without underlying diseases can be predicted using PSAD and TPV.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 1984

This experiment has been made to find out the influence of soil bulk density on growth and root development of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa in Buyeo-kun, Chungnam. Bulk density and porosity significantly change according to slope position and soil depth and have a significant effect on tree height, DBH, biomass, and the distribution of root development. The results extracted from the experiments are as follows; 1) Bulk density in average changes from $1.17g/cm^3$ (1.05 ~ 1.40) in lower slope position to $1.43g/cm^3$ (1.36 ~ 1.60) in upper slope position, and porosity from 52.65% (55.05 ~ 45.50) in lower slope position to 41.20% (43.81 ~ 37.21) in upper slope position. 2) Bulk density increases significantly with soil depth. 3) Tree height, DBH, and total biomass decrease with bulk density. 4) Foliage, branch, bolewood, bolebark, and root also significantly have a negative correlation with hulk density. 5) Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa has a shallow root system chiefly distributing only in AI horizon, and critical bulk density is $1.43g/cm^3$. Therefore, slope position, hulk density, and porosity are considered to influence on the growth, biomass, and root development of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.6
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• pp.929-933
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• 2010

According to the IPCC guideline (2006), uncertainty assessment is very important in terms of the greenhouse gas inventory. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to estimate the basic wood density (BWD) and its uncertainty for Pinus densiflora in Korea. In this study, Pinus densiflora forests were divided into two ecotypes which were Gangwon and Jungbu regions. A total of 33 representative sampling plots was selected to collect sample trees after considering the tree ages and DBH distributions. The BWD showed statistically no difference between age classes based on IPCC's classification. While, it showed statistically difference(pvalue=0.0017) between eco-types. The BWD and uncertainty was 0.396(g/$cm^3$) and 12.9(%) for Pinus densiflora in Gangwon, while it was 0.470(g/$cm^3$) and 3.8(%) for Pinus densiflora in Jungbu. The values of the BWD uncertainty for Pinus densiflora were more precised than the values given by the IPCC guideline.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.81-91
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• 2016

The study shows solutions of long-term unexecuted urban park and activation plans to facilitate the business promotion of Private Park Developers. This study conducted a feasibility analysis to determine if the business of a special case is applicable. The result of this study is as follows about three long-term unexecuted urban parks in Gwangju Metropolitan City's City Park. First, the three long-term unexecuted urban parks in Gwangju Metropolitan City's City Park are the forest type Neighborhood Parks. Businesses of a special case's park developing cost(average 0.4%) have a relatively low percentage. It is most affected by Land Compensation(average 33.8%) and building construction expenses(average 59.1%). Second, long-term unexecuted urban parks' Land Compensation and building construction expenses seed capital are excessive. The Bongsan Park balance floor space index is 179 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 220 percent. The Mareuk Park balance floor space index is 351 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 420 percent. The Jungoe Park balance floor space index is 327 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 400 percent. Third, to facilitate the business of special cases in deliberating, Bongsan Park should change its second class general residential area. Jungoe Park must change the quasi-residential area and semi-residential area. Mareuk Park must change the general commercial area. In this way, the feasibility of promoting private park projects will be improved.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 2007

Various techniques were evaluated to determine the best method for reducing small bowel involvement in pelvic irradiation. Fourteen patients receiving radiation in pelvic area were enrolled for this study. Five sets of small bowel images were obtained. Patients were positioned on a simulation couch with full bladder in prone and supine positions and 2 sets of images were taken. Then they were asked to empty their bladder and 2 sets of images were taken in prone and supine positions. A belly board device (BBD) was placed and one set of images was obtained. Using a software, the area of small bowel inside treatment field was contoured, measured, and analyzed. In both full and empty bladder cases, small bowel area reduction was observed in prone position as compared to supine position. Especially statistically significant reduction is noted in lateral film. An average decreases of 13% in PA and 26% in lateral direction were noted with bladder distention as compared to empty bladder. With the use of BBD for empty bladder, a significant reduction of $62.8{\pm}27.1%$ and $63.1{\pm}32.9%$ in PA and lateral directions were observed as compared to without BBD in prone position, respectively. In conclusion, the best sparing of small bowel concerning the area included in the treatment fields was achieved with BBD in prone position with empty bladder. However, further reduction is expected if the bladder was filled fully because the analysed data with empty vs full bladder study shows increased sparing of small bowel with distended bladder.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.104-110
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• 2016

Positive displacement pumps with high pressure and water capacity are used large fires in various high-rise buildings. This study provides information for a performance approval standard of fire pumps for fire trucks based on centrifugal pump standards enacted in 2012. An experiment was conducted with a positive displacement pump for three levels of performance from the approval standard (V-1, 2, and 3). The efficiency of the pump was included in the reference, which requires the approval of 65% performance, the same as a centrifugal pump. The water pressure is between 1.5 and 2.5 MPa, and the required flow rate was established as at least $0.31m^3/min$ and up to $3.0m^3/min$. A relief valve was added to adjust the shut-off pressure due to the structural characteristics of the positive displacement pump. A strainer was also installed to prevent damage to the inside of the pump due to foreign matter. However, the strainer includes a difference from the positive displacement pump to operate without a vacuum pump and the centrifugal pump. This is due to the additional approval standard portion of the positive displacement pump, which is expected to be selected for more variety of fire-fighting equipment and proactive responses to fire suppression in a high-rise buildings and large fires. In conclusion, this approval standard was enacted in January 2016.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.793-797
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• 2010

The investigations were conducted to improve the physical properties by analyzing physico-chemical properties on the different soil families of textures at 20 upland fields located in the parts of Gyengsangbuk-do area. Soil physico-chemical properties were analyzed for bulk density, hardness, porosity, moisture, pH, EC and organic mater by soil depth on the different soil families of textures. Bulk density distributions were higher than 1.2 Mg $m^{-3}$ in the optimum range. Hardness distributions were lower than 20 mm in the optimum range. Therefore, the physical properties of upland soil was deteriorated. Correlation coefficient of bulk density with hardness and organic mater were higher significantly, that was positive and negative, respectively. The soil hardness had the greatest distribution degree to the crop yield and bulk density and organic matter followed. Conclusively, To improve the physical properties of upland soil was more effective to fertilizing organic matter than other ways.

• 건축구조
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.82-83
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• 2005

현재까지의 아파트 재건축은 대부분의 기존에 낮은 용적율의 저층 아파트를 용적율을 높여 고층으로 건설하는 식으로 이루어졌다. 이때 증가하는 아파트 가구수는 일반에 분양함으로서 재건축 조합원인 원래의 아파트 주민과 시공사에게 경제성을 확보하여 주고, 따라서 그들간의 이해관계의 일치에 의해 재건축이 쉽게 이루어질 수 있었다. 그러나 콘크리트 건물의 수명이 짧다는 일본의 경우도 그 수명이 37년이며 일반적으로 외국의 경우 콘크리트 건물의 수명이 50-60년은 된다는 점을 볼 때 20년만 넘으면 재건축을 요구하는 우리나라의 아파트의 수명은 선진국에 비하여 지나치게 짧다. 재건축이 주민과 시공사의 이해관계에 의한 불가피한 상황이라면 재건축보다는 기존의 건물을 해체하진 않으면서 그들의 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있는 방안이 필요하다.