• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.13-14
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• 2012

This study investigates the effect of adhesive type applying to surface-strengthening Ondol floor on level of attachment. Adhesive materials of four types produced in different companies were prepared and their attaching performance was examined. Test results showed that the water-based epoxy type produced in S company was the most effective on attaching the pieces of the surface-strengthening Ondol floor product.

• Air Cleaning Technology
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• v.20 no.2 s.77
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• pp.50-56
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• 2007

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.973-978
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• 2010

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials is one of great concerns due to maintain airtight condition of a building to reduce energy consumption, and it causes the deterioration of indoor air quality. Therefore, the emission characterization of VOCs from building materials is necessary to improve indoor air quality. Emission characteristics of VOCs from a plywood flooring that is one of the most commonly used materials in an under-heating system, and from an adhesive that is generally used to stick a plywood flooring to a concrete floor were investigated using an emission chamber test in this study. It was found that the VOCs emission factor was dependent upon and proportional to indoor temperature, and the emission characteristics were closely related to the existing places and conditions of VOCs sources inside the building materials. Maximum emission factors of hexane and toluene from building materials were generally observed at the beginning, however, only that of toluene from a plywood flooring was shown after 6 hours from the beginning. It could be considered that the existing place and condition of toluene source inside a plywood flooring could influence on the VOCs emission. From this study, bake-out time more than 72 hours could be recommended before moving in to avoid the exposure to high concentration of VOCs emitted from an under-heating system.

• Journal of the Korea Construction Safety Engineering Association
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• s.47
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• pp.44-51
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• 2008

책 향기에 빠져보는 하루 서울시내 북 카페가 우리를 부른다. 예전의 카페가 친구끼리 연인끼리 둘 이상이 같이 와서 웃고 떠들며 혹은 조용한 대화를 나누던 공간이었다면 요즘의 카페 특히, 북카페는 혼자가 더 자연스럽다. 편안한 소파는 물론 좌석 온돌마루에 푹신한 방석이 있는가 하면, 족욕을 즐길 수 있는 곳까지 다양한 서울의 카페. 북 카페는 요즘 서울카페의 대세를 이룰 태세다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2013

Since 1990's, a plywood for flooring base has gotten customers' demand. Costs of raw material and production increased because of changed environment of industry. Tropical timber such as Red Meranti (Shorea acuminate) used for raw material of the floor has been depleting beside countries in South Eastern Asia changed species of afforestation. As a result, it gets hard to secure good quality of raw material for plywood. Moreover plywood price is increased suddenly after earthquake in Japan. Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) in china has been using for raw material as a countermeasure of changed environment of industry. In this study, possibility of using flooring consisted of Eucalyptus veneer as crossband layers was checked by deflection experiments. Flooring consisted of Red Meranti was used for comparison. Two factors which impact on deflection are a type of density gradient and density difference between Long-grain veneer and Short-grain veneer. Red Meranti samples are M type of density gradient on the other hand Eucalyptus samples are W type of density gradient. The more samples have high density difference, the more deformation was checked. A sample which has big density difference between core and cross bands layer warp more also deform. Flooring was deformed smaller than plywood and samples which have big density difference was deformed more.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2000

Go-Sul-Sik(高設式) On-Dol(溫突) houses have a combination of high Ma-Ru and high On-Dol structure. This type of house had been developed in the process of combining Ma-Ru with On-Dol. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses give a clue to unveil exchanging process of Korean On-Dol and Ma-Ru. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol can be understood as an architectural type of introducing On-Dol into the upper classes' Ma-Ru afterwards. Apparently, Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses were not a two-story building. But they had a two-story structure because of On-Dol rooms, which implied a symbolic rank and On-Dol's practicality as well as its being high. Go-Sul-Sik On-Dol houses were peculiar architectural type which realized lives of the very individual authority and symbolic representation within the strict Confucian society. It seemed to be derived from an alternative of the upper classes' architectural culture integrating an ideal into reality.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.49-58
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• 2008

This research was carried out to use green tea leaves powder for scavenging effects of volatile organic compounds on the UV varnishes and adhesives of fancy cherry veneer overlaid on the PF resin bonded Meranti plywood. The results are as follows: 1) Green tea leaves contained 9.85% of polyphenol compounds. 2) FT-IR results showed green tea leaves had effects to react with benzaldehyde and ethyl hexyl alcohol to form a chemical bond. 3) 2.5% of green tea leaves powder content was proper for scavenging effect on the UV varnishes and adhesives of fancy veneer overlaid on the PF resin bonded plywood 4) 20 liters small chamber test indicated excellent emission speed results such as $0.089mg/m^2hr$ of TVOC and $0.001mg/m^2hr$ of HCHO (on 7th day), as compared with standard (less than $0.1mg/m^2hr$ of TVOC and $0.015mg/m^2hr$ of HCHO emission are the excellent grade).

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2012

To examine possibilities to make use of woodceramics for the lower material of hot-floored ondol boards, woodceramics made from sawdust board with Pinus densiflora, put them in a wood frame and concrete block and heated them sending an electric current, and measured changes in surface temperature of a laminated floor board and a plywood floor board. As the sending an electric current to time passed, their surface temperature increased rapidly up to 20 minutes, and then gradually ascended. In terms of the surface temperature in the wood frame, the beginning temperature of a plywood floor board was higher than that of laminated floor one; however, as time passed, a laminated floor board's temperature rose, and after 60 minutes, it showed similar to the temperature of a floor board of lamination. On the other hand, the surface temperature in a concrete block showed that the laminated floor board was higher than the plywood floor board in both early and 60-minute later temperatures. With the lapse of time after switching off, the surface temperature of floor boards slowly dwindled up to 9 minutes, and from that time on, began to drop sharply. In terms of the descent speed of surface temperature, when woodceramics' surface temperature was adjusted at $70^{\circ}C$, the laminated floor board was the highest; when it was at $80^{\circ}C$, the plywood floor board was the highest, resulting in rapid descent speed of heat.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11
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• pp.72-81
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was investigate the consistency of Korean traditional space in apartment. Fifty-two apartments and its dwellers were selected for field survey research and questionnaire. The major findings were summarized as follows: First, the space layout which has its origin in Korean traditional house was found in contemporary apartment and favored than that of western apartment. Second, among the Korean traditional space characteristics, the openness and closeness were found between the living room and room, living room and dining room, dining room and kitchen. Third, the heating system has been being changed from radiator to on-dol. Also favored finishing materials were revealed on-dol wood flooring and picture window for the living room, jang-pan flooring and Korean lattice window for the master room, wall covering for every wall and ceiling.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.121-129
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• 2008

This research considers the characteristics of the plan of the vernacular form of dwelling in KoCheon-Ri village, situated in the Yong-Dong mountain region. As part of this study, an analysis of local diversity is carried out. The current existing village houses in Kocheon-Ri can be categorized according to their floor structure, either as a wooden-floored or an Ondol-floored Kyup-jip(a double row house type). It was found that the wooden-flooded Kyup-jip house has been transformed into Ondol-floorded Kyup-jip due to a range of various factors. In order to clarify the characteristics of the vernacular dwelling type occurring in a particular area, it is important to determine the typical form that appears within the broader area. However, differences is also essential.