• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.2 s.94
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• pp.133-139
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• 2001

For elucidating the effective management for nutrients removal by the phytoplankton growing at the effluents of night soil and sewage treatment plant, the dilution rates, physical operation conditions and duration of culture were defined. For nutrients removal from effluent of night soil treatment plant, lower the dilution was better, and Scenedesmus sp. was dominant. For removal from the effluent of sewage treatMent plant, the proper operation conditions were 50% of dilution rate, stirring and 2 days culturing. With these conditions, the removal rate of TKN was 88%, DIP$70{\sim}80%$ and the chlorophyll concentration reached at $1,300\;mg/m^3$ chlorophyll a concentration. the variation of chlorophyll a was highly corrrlated with ammonia ($r^2\;=\;0.96$) and DIP ($r^2\;=\;0.92$).

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.339-345
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• 2007

이번 연구에서는 pH 조작이 어려운 소규모 하수 처리장에서의 BNR 슬러지의 접종으로 인한 SBR start-up시 영양 염류 제거 특성 및 변화를 관찰 하였다. 1) 글루코즈를 탄소원으로 사용한 유기물 제거에 있어서 모두 85%이상의 높은 제거 효율을 보였으나 BNR 슬러지 접종 비율이나 유무에 따른 SBR의 유기물 제거에 미치는 영향은 미비한 것으로 나타났다. 2) 유입비율에 따라 암모니아 제거 효율은 BNR 슬러지 첨가 유무에 따라 바뀌었으며, 비율에 상관없이 첨가된 반응조는 7일 이내 $82{\sim}98%$에 달하는 제거율을 보였다. 3) 인 제거효율에 있어서는 유입비율에 따라 인 제거 효율이 증가하였으며, 첨가와 미첨가의 차이는 25%이상의 인 방출량 차이를 나타내었다. 4) 첨가한 BNR 슬러지의 비율이 전체의 40%이상일 때는 50%일 때와 큰 차이를 보이지 못했다. 5) FISH를 통하여 미생물 군집을 확인하였고 각 미생물들 간의 상대적인 비율과 heterotroph의 급격한 증식을 확인할 수 있었다. 6) pH, DO, ORP graph를 통한 Reactor의 실시간 조정 가능성을 볼 수 있었다. 7) BNR 슬러지를 접종하지 않을 경우, PAOs와 질산화 미생물의 성장이 더뎌 영양염류 제거가 어려웠다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1757-1763
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• 2000

To consider the nutrient removal characteristics of BNR process activating soil microorganisms under the influence of DPB and to clear the characteristics of DPB under anoxic condition was investigated in the this study. The batch tests were conducted using sludge sampled from the BNR process activating soil microorganisms during operation periods. The results of this study were summarized as follows: - The DPB(Denitrifying Phosphorus removing Bacteria) performing denitrification and phosphorus uptake in the anoxic phase plays an important role in removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the BNR process activating soil microorganisms. - The PUR(Phosphorus Uptake Rate) of DPB in the anoxic phase was to be about 50% of PUR in the aerobic phase. - The DPB in the BNR process turned out to be increasing nutrient removal efficiency of BNR process.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.459-465
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• 1999

This work focused on the effects of the timing and the frequency of shoot cutting to maximize the productivity and the nutrient removal of three emergent macrophytes, Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia and Typha angustifolia in natural wetlands. Shoot cutting significantly enhanced biomass production and resulted in more nitrogen and phosphorus removal from water in these three experimental species, compared to those of control. However, the frequency and the timing of shoot cutting, and the enhancement ratio were different among three species. For Phragmites stands, the highest productivity was 1.9 times of control in June treatment of the first year experiment, while 1.3 times in May treatment of the second year experiment. Zizania and Typha stands were both 1.2 times of control in August treatment and June and August treatment. Calculating the total annual removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus based on the highest productivities among treatments, in Phragmites stands, 2.0 times of nitrogen and 1.8 times of phosphorus were removed in the first year, and both 1.4 times in the second year experiment. Likewise, for nitrogen and phosphorus; 2.4 and L.8 times in Zizania stands, and 1.8 and 1.9 times in Typha stands were removed. Overall, these results suggested that cutting treatment of shoots be effective. Thus, shoot cutting of two times during a growing season were recommended to maximize the effects: that is, in May or June, and October for Phragmites stands, and in August and October fur Zizania and Typha stands.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Permeable reactive barrier has been recognized as the one of representative methods for remediation of contaminated groundwater. Reactive barrier system containing two and more reactive materials can remove multiple contaminants such as nutritive salts and heavy metals. In this study, removal efficiency of multiple contaminants was evaluated when both zeolite and basic oxygen furnace slag were used as reactive materials. Sequential batch test which consists of two materials was performed to evaluate removal efficiency comparing the reaction order of them against nutritive slats including ammonium and phosphate and heavy metal including cadmium. As a result, zeolite-basic oxygen furnace slag sequence batch test showed the best efficiency for removal of multiple contaminants including nutritive salts and heavy metal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.383-389
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• 2007

호기시간 변경에 따른 SBR에서의 영양염류제거특성과 MLVSS의 변화를 본 이번 연구에서는 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 충분하지 못한 산소의 공급은 미생물의 wash-out으로 인한 영양염류 제거 효율의 저조를 나타냈다. 2) 산소 공급량이 $0.045m^3$였던 R2에서 저조산 질산화가 나타났으나, 인을 과다 축적하는 EBPR(Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal)을 나타냈다. 3) 산소 공급량이 $0.06m^3$이상이었던 R3, R4에서는 60%이상의 질산화 및 탈질화와 약 100%에 달하는 인 제거 효율을 나타내었다. 4) 단위 미생물당 $1.5{\sim}1.8ml/mg$의 공급 산소량이 인 흡수에 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 5) 공급되는 산소에 있어 유기물 분해>인흡수>질산화에 우선적으로 소모되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2004

More than 1000 natural and constructed wetlands have been used to improve water quality. The general results showed that the highest removal efficiency was 84% for BOD and the lowest one was 48% for total nitrogen concentration. In addition, total phosphous removal efficiency was 67%, and the removal efficiencies are related to inflow loading. Researches donducted in Korea have focused on input-output mass balance and uptake by aquatic plant. As such little information if available about complex processes regulating water quality and role of microbes. Therefore, to determine the optimal design for construct, and methods to operate constructed wetland, researches about complex mechanisms of contaminant removal and interdisciplinary researches are necessary.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.363-370
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• 2014

Sewage distribution rate in rural area is only 50% level than urban area. Normally, rural area sewage is focused on the reason of water source pollution owing to rural areas were located in near water source. The Korea government is effort to manage the rural community sewage for protect the water source. In this study conducted analysis on rural community sewage treatment plant(RCSTP) nutrient treatment efficiency using operation results on winter season. Research areas are newly constructed in Bong-hwa, Yeong-yang and An-dong areas which are located in near An-dong Im-ha Dam. Based on operation result, sludge retention time(SRT) and mixed liquer suspended solid(MLSS) were effected on RCSTP nutrient treatment efficiency. Thus, it is necessary to manage of operation condition for nutrient treatment efficiency in RCSTP during the winter season.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.232-233
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• 2018

고탁도 해역에 배출되는 온배수를 활용하기 위해 탁도로 인한 열교환기의 오염부하가 줄어 들 수 있도록 탁도저감시스템을 시스템에 열교환기 이전단계에 추가하여 운전하였으며 탁도저감시스템으로 인한 탁도, 부유물질, 영양염류의 제거능 평가를 실시하였다. 평가결과 탁도개선시스템의 운전으로 인해 약 80%정도의 탁도가 저감 되는 것을 확인하였으며 부유물질 제거 효율은 약 13~29%정도였다. 기타 영양염류의 제거효율은 미미하였으나 본 시스템의 목적인 탁도저감을 위해서는 효과적인 시스템이라 판단된다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.459-463
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• 2012

In the present study, experiments have been performed to investigate the effects of the type of adsorbent, pH, and ionic strength on the adsorption of nutrients (nitrate and phosphate in artificial solution) onto the dredged sediment from a coastal fishery. In addition, this study aims to evaluate the possibility of removing the nutrients from the water using the dredged sediment. In the adsorption experiments of the nutrients, the reactions were completed within 10 minutes using ${NO_3}^-$-N($100{\mu}M$, 10mM) and ${PO_4}^{3-}$-P($100{\mu}M$, 10mM). In the steady state, 61% and 77% of the initial amounts were removed respectively for $100{\mu}M$ ${NO_3}^-$-N and $100{\mu}M$ ${PO_4}^{3-}$-P. The thermal treatment of the dredged sediment at $900^{\circ}C$ was not helpful to increase the removal efficiencies of the nutrients. Additives such as CaO and MgO dropped the removal efficiency of ${NO_3}^-$ to 0%, but increased that of ${PO_4}^{3-}$ up to 98%. Adsorption isotherms of ${NO_3}^-$ and ${PO_4}^{3-}$ could be explained by the Freundlich equation ($R^2$>0.99). The adsorption reaction was little influenced by the pH and ionic strength. Based on the results showing short reaction time and considerably high removal efficiencies of the nutrients, it is proposed to apply the dredged sediment from a coastal fishery to removing nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate in the water.