• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.12-20
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• 2003

A numerical procedure for the calculation of solidification and melting phase change using PISO algorithm is presented. In case of phase change problem, the coupling between velocity/pressure/temperature and liquid fraction is important. The converged temperature and liquid fraction solution which satisfies the energy balance is acquired by applying enthalpy method into inner iteration in matrix solver. And a modified PISO algorithm version is introduced to properly solve the coupling between velocity/pressure/temperature and liquid fraction. A comparison of the proposed procedure with a standard iterative method shows improvement both in terms of computing speed and robustness.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

The present work was undertaken to numerically analyze the defrosting phenomena of windshield glass. In order to analysis the phase change from frost to water on windshield glass by discharging hot air from a defroster nozzle, the flow and the temperature field of the cabin interior, the heat transfer through the windshield glass, and the phase change of frost should be solve simultaneously. In the present work, the flow field was obtained by solving 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and the temperature field was computed from the incompressible energy equation. The phase change process was solved by the enthalpy method. For the code validation, the temperature and the phase change of the driven cavity were calculated. The calculation showed a good agreement with other numerical results. Then, the present code was applied to the defrosting problem of a real automobile, and a good agreement with the experimental data was also obtained.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.315-322
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• 1993

The generalized 23 constants of the Benedict-Webb-Rubin-Starling (BWRS) equation of state were modified to achieve accurate predictions of thermo-physical properties for polar halocarbons. Multiproperty analysis was employed to obtain an optimum set of 23 constants for individual halocarbons. The overall average absolute deviations of predicted properties for those halocarbons using the 23 constants optimized for each halocarbon with use of either an acentric factor or orientation parameters are 0.41% for density, 0.33 Kcal/kg for enthalpy and 0.39% for vapor pressure. These results show a remarkable improvement in predicting properties over the ones obtained by use of the generalized constants for all the ten halocarbons tested here.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 1999

퇴비호 과정중에 암모니아 휘산은 퇴비 내의 질소성분을 유출시키고 있는 동시에 악취를 발생한다는 측면에서 바람직하지 못하다. 아직까지 암모니아 휘산을 방지할 수 있는 방법은 개발되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 퇴비화 과정에서 온도, 암모니아휘산및 엔탈피의 변화를 분석하였다. 퇴비화 온도가 높을 때는 암모니아 휘산도 많이 발생하였으나 퇴비화 15일 후 온도가 63$^{\circ}C$로 하강함에 따라 암모니아 휘산은 줄어들기 시작하여 온도가 6$0^{\circ}C$이하로 떨어지는 21일부터는 거의 발생하지 않았다. 퇴비화 온도에 의하여 진행과정과 암모니아 휘산의 추이를 추정할 수있었다.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 1984

유한요소기법은 원만한 온도변화를 갖는 이동경계문제에 대해 적용할 수 있음을 설명하였다. 상변화가 일어나는 요소에서 어느 한 시간 단계에 변화할 수 있는 온도의 범위는 상변화 온도 구간 보다 적어야 원만한 수치해를 얻을 수 있음을 소개하였다. 잠열의 효과를 엔탈피의 온도에 대한 변화율로 처리하여 열용량 행렬을 계산할 수 있음을 설명하였다. 급격한 변화를 갖는 온 도분포를 수치적으로 근사해를 구할 때 나타나는 파동형상은 연속적인 변수를 부분적으로 근사 해를 가정 하는데서 포함되는 오차에 기인한다. 따라서 이러한 급격한 변화의 변수를 취급하는 기법이 요구된다. 상변화를 수반하는 이동경계문제는 물의 결빙금속의 열처리, 용접, 고체연료의 연소 등에서 많이 접하게 되나 전문적인 프로그램이 없으므로(저자가 조사한 바에 의하면) 온 도분포를 요구하는 문제에서는 이의 선결이 요망되고 있다. 특히 구조해석문제에서 시간에 따라 온도조건이 변화는 경우가 많아 온도분포에 대해 따로 계산하고 그 후 구조해석을 하는 방법이 있으나, 이는 상변화와 같은 물성의 큰 변화가 없는 경우에만 가능하다. 따라서 상변화가 있는 문제에서 열탄성(thermo-elasticity)이나 열탄소성(thermoelasto-plasticity)해석을 하기 위해서는 이동경계와 구조해석을 동시에 하여야 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 2003

This work was undertaken for the numerical analysis of defrosting phenomena of automobile windshield. To analyze the defrost, the flow and temperature field of cabin interior, heat transfer through the windshield glass, and phase change of the frost should be analyzed simultaneously. The flow field was obtained by solving the 3-D unsteady Navier-Stokes equation and the temperature field was computed by energy equation. The phase-change process of Stefan problem was solved by enthalpy method. For code validation, the temperature field of the driven cavity was calculated. The result of calculation shows a good agreement with the other numerical results. Then, the present code was applied to the defrosting analysis of a real automobile and, also, a good agreement with experiment was obtained.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 1994

In this study, one-dimensional Stefan problem with air-gap resistance in the rectangular mold is considered and the thermal characteristics are examined by using the enthalpy-based simple implicit finite-difference scheme. The enthalpy and temperature are nondimensionalized to obtain general solutions. The temperature distribution and the locations of solidus and liquidus line are obtained and the effects of major parameters on the thermal characteristics are investigated.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.162-170
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• 1996

A numerical study on the Stefan problem occurred in cryosurgery is performed. Crank-Nicholson type finite difference algorithm based on the enthaly method is adapted to solve the phase change problem in this study. As it is a moving boundary problem, special emphasis is put on the estimation of the freezing front location. Two cases selected here are freezings of human tissue by disk type cryoprobe and by hemispherical one. In both cases, the heat flows are considered to be one dimensional. The calculated results using enthalpy method are compared with those using the program TRUMP and with Neumann's solution. These results agree guite well with each other. While it is pretty difficult to get accurate freezing front location by TRUMP due to the so- called "phase change knee" occured during the phase change, the algorithm based on the enthalpy method is proved to be very powerful to cope with this kind of problem.f problem.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.68-71
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• 2010

극심한 고온 및 고압 환경에 노출되기 쉬운 항공우주 구조물에서 발생하는 기계적 삭마 현상을 해석하기 위하여 영역/경계 분할법을 적용한 삭마 해석 모델을 제안하였다. 영역 및 경계는 상변화 현상에 의한 비선형 거동을 하는 삭마 부영역과 선형 거동을 하는 선형 열탄성 부영역, 공유면, 경계 공유면으로 분할하였다. 삭마 재료 내부의 열분해 반응은 엔탈피 방법을 이용하였으며, 표면 침식 반응은 공기역학적 전단 응력과 삭마 재료의 전단 강도를 기반으로 매칭 기법을 이용하였다. 화학적 및 열적 삭마는 고려하지 않았으며, 간단한 수치 해석을 통해서 기본적인 기계적 삭마 특성을 분석하였다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.620-625
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• 1994

We recently showed from the neutron diffraction and extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies the structural evidence for the formation of an amorphous phase in immiscible Cu-Ta system subjected to mechanical alloying. In a system with a positive heat of mixing like Cu-Ta, we consider it necessary to confirm the formation of an amorphous phase not only from the structural studies but also from a change in the electronic properties. We show the electronic evidence for the formation of the chemical bonding between the unlike atoms Cu and Ta for the 120 h-milling sample through changes in superconducting transition temperature and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy valence band structure.