• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.284-299
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary school students' conceptions about the energy represented in the integrated theme 'Energy and life' of the 2015 revised science curriculum. The instruments were developed to grasp students' understanding about 'the concepts of energy,' 'forms of energy,' 'conversion of energy,' and 'energy use of plants and animals.' The surveys were conducted on 92 elementary school students in Seoul. The students' answers were analyzed by descriptive statistics, clouds and semantic network analysis. The results are as follows: 'Electricity' and 'electric energy' were most frequently mentioned as the associated concepts to energy and forms of energy, respectively. Also, the daily use of energy was mixed to the use in science. According to conceptual hierarchy, understanding of energy conversion was dependent on the understanding of energy forms. Although students have basic concepts about the energy use of plants and animals, they had some misconceptions and lack of understanding. The educational implications were discussed to teach 'Energy and Life' as integrated theme in new elementary school curriculum.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2016

This study analyzed research trends of assistive devices used to prevent and support disability and increase convenience for people with disabilities in their daily lives. As a result, related research has continuously increased, and the research area has expanded from survey research to service-related research and assistive device development research. In addition, with regard to the use of related terms, terms such as 'rehabilitation engineering' and 'rehabilitation assistive technology' were used in the early stages. Currently, terms such as 'assistive technology', 'assistive technology service', 'assistive technology device', and 'assistive device' have been mainly used.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.23-26
• /
• 2006

최근 대부분의 이러닝(E-Learning)을 교육하는 사이트는 학습 콘텐츠를 검색하는 방법이 단순한 리스트의 나열과 택스트 매칭(Text matching)방법을 사용하는 단점이 있다. 이를 보완하기 위해 좀 더 컴퓨터가 정보 데이터의 의미를 분석하여 검색이 가능하도록 개념 네트워크인 시맨틱웹(Semantic Web)이 등장하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 시맨틱웹의 온톨로지(Ontology) 언어 중에 토픽맵(Topic Maps)을 사용하여 많은 양의 학습 정보 데이터를 쉽고도 정확하게 연결 지어 학습 콘텐츠에 대한 정보를 표현하고, 구조화할 수 있는 방법을 모색해 보고자 한다. 학습자의 관심분야 정보, 학습객체의 학습 권장자의 정보와 함께 학습 경험과 검색 빈도수를 분석한 협력 필터링과 학습 에이전트의 개인화 기법을 동시에 사용하여 선호도를 분석한다. 이 선호도를 가지고 학습자의 메타데이터를 생성하고, 로그 데이터를 따로 데이터베이스에 저장한다. 이러한 학습자의 정보와 학습 콘텐츠간의 정보를 상호 연결하여, 그 토픽맵을 사용하여 연관관계를 정의해 줌으로써 학업성취도를 높이고, 학습자 개개인의 성향에 가장 알맞은 학습 콘텐츠를 탐색해가는 네비게이터(Navigator)를 설계하였다.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 2018

The visitors' patterns of the homepages in university were classified and analyzed with the network analysis based on the hyperlinks. The numbers of visits to English web-pages were proportional to those of Korean with much less counts. The larger count of visits was confirmed for the case of colleges than the departments, showing the upper boundary of visits from the plot with the Betweenness centrality normalized by the degree. For the better visibility, well-designed hyperlinks with the proper public relations were suggested based on the quantitative analysis of visitors' count.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.7 no.12
• /
• pp.3952-3963
• /
• 2000

This paper considers the WRA(Wavelength and Houting Assignment) problem on all-optical tree networks using WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing). Each link between a pair of request nodes on all optical networks is assigned different wavelengths because of technical constraint. On the basis of this, we give an polynomial time algorithm to assign wavelengths to the all patbs of a arbitrary tree network using divide and conquer method. The time complexity of this algorithm is O(Q. R), in which Q is the request nodes for all to'all communication in a tree topology and U is the maximum number of wavelength. Also we implemented our algorithm using C in Pentium II 233MHz and analyzed performance results.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.53-64
• /
• 2024

With the advancement of NLP(Natural Language Processing) models, conversational AI such as ChatGPT is becoming increasingly popular. To enhance processing speed and reduce power consumption, it is important to implement the Transformer algorithm, which forms the basis of the latest natural language processing models, in hardware. In particular, the multi-head attention and feed-forward network, which analyze the relationships between different words in a sentence through matrix multiplication, are the most computationally intensive core algorithms in the Transformer. In this paper, we propose a new variable systolic array based on the number of input words to enhance matrix multiplication speed. Quantization maintains Transformer accuracy, boosting memory efficiency and speed. For evaluation purposes, this paper verifies the clock cycles required in multi-head attention and feed-forward network and compares the performance with other multipliers.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.1050-1072
• /
• 2011

It is well known that international cooperation is considerably more difficult because of the difference of interests, level of technology of the partners, social and culture as well as various macro-environmental conditions. This case study aims to investigate the success factors of international R&D collaboration between two firms. For it, an in-dept interview was conducted to the Etri-Microsoft Information Security Lab. A comprehensive research on theories, such as resource-based theory, network theory, relationship marketing theory and market power perspective was done as well. The results show clear objectives, communications based on trust, core competence on which the counterpart can rely on, consideration on the government decision process as well as the environment are important for success.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.222-235
• /
• 2023

This study developed a geological virtual reality-based field trip (VFT) to find an alternative to replace the actual field trip, which is often considered lightly by students owing to difficulties in the school. For this purpose, we selected a total of five geological learning sites that focus on the Mt. Jeoksang Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea by evaluating the contents of the curriculum and the possibility of developing a VFT. The developed VFT provided middle-school students with an interactive space to observe and explore rocks and geological structures, including orbicular granite gneiss, tuff, conglomerate, sandstone, stratification, and joints. A semi-structured interview was conducted with the 1st-grade middle-school students to evaluate the educational value of the VFT. The responses of the students were analyzed using semantic network analysis to understand the significance of relationships between the reaction words. Results show that the students were able to sense reality through the VFT, which enabled them to understand and remember the characteristics of rocks. Therefore, students can indirectly have a sense of reality of an outdoor experience through the VFT program, which positively influences their learning. Our study shows that VFT can be effectively utilized as a meaningful learning resource in schools.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.8
• /
• pp.207-214
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to review the agreement and disagreement logics on privatization of health care to bring quality enhancement of medical service and alienated area without medical services at the same time, to identify the core keywords through language network analysis a kind of contents analysis on the editorials dealing with privatization of health care and hospitals for profit published on the major daily newspapers for the recent three years, and to find out what is the core of the controversy through the connection centrality analysis of core keywords. Conclusively, it was found from the centrality analysis that "medical service," "hospital," "privatization," "privatization of health care," "hospital for profit" and "Government" were situated in the center of the controversy. It is natural that keywords such as "medical service," "hospital," "privatization," "privatization of health care"and "hospital for profit" were located in the center because this study reviewed the editorials published on major newspapers for the recent three years regarding the privatization of health care or hospital for profit. Next important keywords (words) were "people," "health"and "health insurance." It shows that privatization of health care was not simply seen as the opening of medical service market but as an important issue related to health of people and health Insurance. Next words with high centrality were "objection" and "allowance." Through the contents analysis of editorials for the last three years, it was found that the opinions for and against the privatization were equally matched according to the centrality analysis result. On the other hand, there is one noticeable result in centrality analysis, which is the keywords such as "US," "Korea US" and "FTA" showed centrality to some extent. It shows privatization is handled relating US and Korea US FTA by editorials.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.353-378
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to find factors to affect on the formation of semantic relation from terminology and what is to be affected by these factors to build the database scheme of terminology dictionary by a structural definition. In this research, 826,905 keywords of 88,874 social science articles and 985,580 keywords of 125,046 humanities science articles in the KCI journals from 2007 to 2011 were collected. From collected data, subject complexity, structural hole, term frequency, occurrence pattern and an effect between the number of nodes and the number of patterns which were derived from the semantic relation of linked terms of established 'STNet' System were analyzed. The summarized results from analyzed data and network patterns are as follows. Betweenness Centrality, term frequency, and effective size affect the numbers of semantic relation node. Among these factors, betweenness centrality was the most effective and effective size. But term frequency was the least effective. Betweenness Centrality, term frequency, and effective size affect the numbers of semantic relation type. Term frequency is the most effective. Therefore, when building a terminology dictionary, factors of betweenness centrality, term frequency, effective size, and complexity of subject are needed to select term. As a result, these factors can be expected to improve the quality of terminology dictionary.