• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2017

The study investigated the interrelations between infant temperament, mothers' affective parenting, and maternal parenting stress. The study also studied the moderating effects of mothers' affective parenting between infant temperament and maternal parenting stress. Data on 1,863 mothers with children aged under 12 months from the 2008 Panel Study on Korean Children were analyzed using PASW ver. 23.0 to carry out descriptive statistics, correlation co-efficiencies, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results show that infant temperament and mothers' affective parenting were significantly correlated with maternal parenting stress. The findings also prove the moderating effects of mothers' affective parenting on the relationship between infant emotionality, negative temperament, and maternal parenting stress.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.547-559
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mothers' self-efficacy, parenting behaviors, and children's achievement motivation on children's self-efficacy. Subjects were 591 fifth- and sixth-graders and their mothers in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation, Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis. Several major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Any difference was not found by sex in children's general and total self-efficacy. Girls' social efficacy, however, was higher than boys'. 2) Achievement motivation had a direct positive effect and was the first positive contribution factor to the self-efficacy of both sexes. 3) On boys' self-efficacy, mothers' own had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their parental role efficacy had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through their affective parenting behaviors and the boys' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their controlling parenting had a direct negative effect. 4) On girls' self-efficacy, mothers' own had a direct positive effect, and their parental role efficacy had an indirect positive effect through their affective and controlling parenting behaviors and the girls' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through achievement motivation, and the controlling parenting had a negative effect, direct or indirect.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.59-83
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• 2015

This study examined the effects of maternal parenting behavior, relationships with friends, and relationships with teachers on the subjective well-being of children in late childhood. A total of 299 fifth and sixth grade students at elementary school (141 boys and 158 girls) participated in this study. The subjects completed questionnaires on maternal parenting behavior, relationships with friends, relationships with teachers, and their subjective well-being. The data were analyzed by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results are as follows. First, maternal parenting behavior was found to have a direct effect on children's subjective well-being. Second, maternal parenting behavior was seen to have an indirect effect on children's subjective well-being through their relationships with friends. Third, maternal parenting behavior was found to have an indirect effect on children's subjective well-being through their relationships with their teachers. The findings from this study suggest that relationships factors established in both family and school need to be considered together in order to explain children's subjective well-being. In addition, this study emphasizes the relative importance of maternal parenting behavior in improving the subjective well-being of school-aged children, as compared to the relationships with both their friends and their teachers at school.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between toddler's negative emotionality, parenting behavior, and the moderating roles of mother's personality. The participants in this study consisted of 221 mothers of toddlers (aged from 18 to 35months) in Seoul. The participants completed questionnaires on toddler's negative emotionality, their personality and parenting behavior. The collected data were mainly analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson's correlation and the multiple regression analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the negative parenting behavior according to the mother's educational level. Second, relations between individual variables and parenting behavior were analyzed. As a result, number of children, mother's age, toddler's negative emotionality, and mother's personality were significantly correlated with parenting behavior. Third, through the analysis of the moderating effect of the mother's personality on the relationship between the toddler's negative emotionality and parenting behavior, it was found that interactions between the mother's neuroticism and the toddlers' negative emotionality affected the mother's warm parenting behavior. And interactions between the mother's extraversion and the toddlers's negative emotionality affected the mother's rejection parenting behavior. The results of this study provide basic data to support mothers' positive parenting behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.37-50
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to explore a causal model of mother's parenting and children's locus of control to self-control in elementary school children. The subjects were 582 children of 4th, 5th and 6th grade. The instruments were Self-Control Rating Scale for Children, Locus of Control Scale for Children and Parenting Scale. The major findings of this study were as follows. 1) Children's locus of control, mother's warmth-acceptance and permissiveness-nonintervention , mother's education level and children's sex predicted children's self-control. 23% of the variance of children's self-control was explainer by these variables. 2) Mother's warmth-acceptance had a direct and an indirect positive effect through children's locus of control on children's self-control and was the first contribution factor. Children's locus of control had a first direct effect on children's self-control. 3) Mother's permissiveness-nonintervention had a direct and an indirect negative effect through children's locus of control on children's self-control. Mother's education level had a direct and an indirect effect through children's locus of control on children's self-control. Children's sex had a direct and an indirect effect through mother's rejection-restriction on children's self-control. Mother's rejection-restriction had an indirect effect through children's locus of control on children's self-control. Family income had an indirect effect through mother's parenting on children's self-control. Father's education level had an indirect effect through mother's permissiveness-nonintervention on children's self-control.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of mothers' recognition of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), parenting stress and family support in mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: The data were collected from December 24, 2009 to July 23, 2010. The participants were 141 mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and who lived in D city. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS 17.0 were used to analyze the data. To determine the most effective variable (mothers' recognition, parenting stress and family support) to predict parental stress, data were analyzed using canonical correlation with SAS 9.1 TS. Results: Canonical correlation analysis revealed that professional and teachers' roles of the 3 sub-domains of mothers' recognition were the most outstanding variables in predicting parenting stress. Parental distress/parent-child dysfunctional interaction of parenting stress was the most outstanding variable in predicting both mothers' recognition and family support. Spouse cooperation in family support was the most outstanding variable in predicting parenting stress. Conclusion: The results suggest that strengthening parents' recognition of ADHD and supporting interventions are important for reducing parenting stress. Professional and teachers' roles, parental distress/parent-child dysfunctional interaction and spouse cooperation should be included in the contents of structured programs.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.329-345
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• 2005

Gender and intelligence of children, parenting practices and socioeconomic status of parents were studied to investigate whether they functioned as protective factors for resilient children. Total of 556 children of 12 years of age were contacted for the study. Teachers were asked to rate the children's interpersonal competence. Children reported their experience of stressful life events on a checklist. Based on the competence scores and the experience of stressful life events, 107 children were classified into adaptive, resilient, and maladaptive group. IQ scores were assessed using an intelligence test for the 107 children. Mothers reported their parenting practices and their socioeconomic status through a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-squares, t-tests, and one-way ANOVAs were performed to analyze the data. There was no difference in their experience of stressful life events between boys and girls. Girls were rated as being more competent by their teachers. There were more girls in the adaptive and the resilient group and more boys in the maladaptive group. Children in adaptive and the resilient group had higher intelligence scores than the maladaptive group. Mothers of resilient children replied as being warm and acceptive and more refusing and controlling than mothers of the adaptive children Group differences in socioeconomic status of the family were not found. Thus, being a girl and having higher IQ scores were the protective factors for the resilient children.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-77
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• 2010

As a means to support maternal transition, a home-based music intervention was employed to facilitate mothers' singing to their infants. Four mothers were recruited as volunteers for this study their typically developing infants ranged in age from 2 months to 11 months. Interviews were conducted after the completion of the intervention. An educational music intervention was used to introduce the benefits of mothers' singing to their infants and to encourage four mothers to perform regular singing to their infants for the two-week period. In the interview, mothers provided valuable information regarding their personal experiences, thoughts, abilities to carry out the daily singing, and additional support needs in singing. All mothers demonstrated positive experiences and needs for future intervention development. Overall, the results showed that music-involved educational intervention is beneficial for mothers to support their maternal transition. The need emerged for future studies to develop music-involved educational intervention to support maternal transition.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.525-537
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• 2013

This study investigated the relations among a child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors in predicting a child's happiness. Participants were 384 children(175 boys, 209 girls) and their mothers. The teachers completed the rating scale to measure a child's happiness. A child's emotionality, mother's depression and parenting behaviors were assessed by a mother-reported questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that child's emotionality was negatively related to their happiness. Mother's depression had a negative relation to child's happiness. Mother's warmth-encouragement, overprotection-permission, and reject-nonintervention was significantly related to a child's happiness. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of child's emotionality and mother's reject-nonintervention predicted child's happiness. Child's emotionality, whose mother demonstrated a higher level of reject-nonintervention, was associated significantly with happiness. In addition, the association between mother's depression and child's happiness was mediated by mother's warmth-encouragement and reject-nonintervention. Results suggest the importance of mother's role in the context of intervention planning for child's happiness.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.103-121
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of marital relationships, mother's parenting stress and positive parenting behavior on the behavioral problems of preschoolers. For this purpose, we created a structural equation model and examined the goodness of fit of the model using the RMSEA, SRMR, TLI, and CFI. The participants were 986 4-year-old preschoolers and their mothers taken from the 5th year of the Korea Children's Panel. The results of this study were as follows: First, a negative marital relationship had a significant negative effect on behavioral problems of preschoolers directly. And a negative marital relationship had a significant indirect effect on behavioral problems of preschoolers through the parenting behavior. Second, parenting stress had a significant negative effect on behavioral problems of preschoolers directly. And parenting stress had a significant indirect effect on behavioral problems of preschoolers through the parenting behavior. These findings imply that both improving marital relationships and regulating mothers' parenting stress and parenting behavior need to be emphasized when designing prevention and intervention programs aimed at improving the behavioral problems of preschoolers.