• Title/Summary/Keyword: 약초

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Effect of Mechanical Peeling Time on Yield and Quality of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas Root (작약근(芍藥根)의 기계박피(機械剝皮) 시간(時間)에 따른 품질(品質) 차이(差異))

  • Kim, Ki-Jae;Park, Chun-Hong;Shin, Jong-Hee;Kim, Se-Jong;Park, So-Deuk;Choe, Boo-Sull
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 1999
  • This experiment was carried out to determine the adequate machine peeling and retting time of peony roots, which are used as medicinal resources in Korea. When the roots were peeled for $10{\sim}30$ minitues in the peeling machine, the epidermis of root was removed, and higher yield was obtained and paeoniflorin content as compared with roots which were peeled for longer time. The paeoniflorin content of root varied with the different parts of root. The highest content was recorded in the upper part and the lowest in the middle part. The loss of paeoniflorin increased in the roots processed for expanded peeling and retting time. Lightness of peeled root was higher and ${\Delta}\;E$ was lower in the roots which were peeled by machine for longer time.

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생약재의 식품부패 세균에 대한 항균활성

  • 도정룡;김기주;이명기;김병삼;임상동;조진호;김영명;김용수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.200.1-200
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 식품의 부패에 관여하는 미생물인 Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureu, Salmonella typhimurium Lactobacillus plantarum에 항균 활성을 나타내는 생약제의 효능을 살펴보았다. 금산 약초시장에서 구입한 생약재로부터 물 추출물과 70%에탄을 추출물을 제조하여 6종의 세균에 대해 항균활성을 탐색한 결과, 생약재 물 추출물의 경우에 가자 추출물은 E. coli, P. aeruginosa B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, L. plantarum의 6가지 균종에 대해서 모두 높은 항균활성을 나타내었으며, 복분자와 지유의 물추출물에서는 L. plantarum의 균종을 제외한 5가지 균종에 대해 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 소목 과 황련의 추출물에서는 E. coli를 제외한 5가지 균종에서 항균활성을 나타내었으며, 정향 추출물에서는 E. coli균주에 대해서는 약한 항균활성을 나타내었으나, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. typhimurium의 4종의 균주에 대해서는 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 이 외에 감초 추출물은 P. aeruginosa, 석곡 추출물은 S. aureus, S. typhimurium, 계피 추출물은 S. typhimurium, 산수유 추출물은 B. subtilis, S. aureus, 파고지는 S. aureus균종에 대해서 항균활성을 나타내었다. 70% ethanol 추출물은 대부분의 생약재에서 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 특히 가자, 감초, 강황, 복분자, 석곡, 소목, 오미자, 작약 ,정향, 지유, 파고지, 호장근, 황련 의 13가지 생약재 추출물에서 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 가자의 70% ethanol추출물의 경우는 물 추출물의 결과에서 같이 6가지 균종에 대해 모두 높은 항균활성을 나타냈으며, 복분자, 작약, 정향, 지유의 70% ethanol 추출물은 L. plantarum균을 제외한 5가지 균종에 대해 높은 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 소목의 70% ethanol 추출물의 경우에는 E. coli 균을 제외한 5가지 균종에서 높은 항균 활성을 보였으며, 이외에 생약재는 강황, 석곡, 황련, 호장근의 70% ethanol 추출물은 4가지의 균주에 대해서 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 파고지, 오미자의 70% ethanol 추출물은 3가지 균주에 대해서 항균활성을 나타냈으며, 천궁, 육두구, 오수유, 갈근, 계피, 가시오가피의 70% ethanol 추출물은 2가지 균주에 대해 항균 활성을 나타내었다. 항균활성이 우수한 생약재를 농도별로 활성을 조사한 결과, 물 추출물과 10% Ethanol 추출물 모두 낮은 농도에서도 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다.

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생약재 추출물의 수율 및 항고혈압 활성

  • 도정룡;김기주
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.137.2-138
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    • 2003
  • 본 실험에 사용한 생약재는 금산 약초시장에서 2003년 6월에 구입하여 추출수율을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 생약재의 물 추출물의 동결건조 중량(%)이 30~40%에 달하는 생약재는 가자, 갈근, 맥문동, 산수유가 있고, 20~30%에 달하는 생약재는 감초, 구기자, 당귀, 오미자, 천궁, 황기가 이에 속했으며, 중량(%)이 10~20%에 달하는 생약재는 복분자, 오수유, 애엽, 작약, 진피, 지유, 파고지, 황련이 이에 속했다. 마지막으로 10%이하의 추출 수율을 나타낸 생약재들은 가시오가피, 강황, 계피, 석곡, 소목, 영지, 오약, 육두구, 정향, 죽엽, 필발, 초두구, 호장근이 이에 속했다. 생약재의 70% Ethanol 추출물의 동결건조중량을 살펴본 결과, 동결건조 중량(%)이 30~40%에 달하는 생약재는 가자, 당귀, 산수유가 이에 속하였고, 20~30%에 달하는 생약재는 감초, 맥문동, 구기자, 오미자, 오수유, 천궁, 황기가 속하였으며, 동결건조 중량(%)이 10~20%에 달하는 생약재는 복분자, 육두구, 애엽, 작약, 정향, 지유, 파고지, 호장근, 황련이 이에 속했다. 또한 10% 이하의 수율을 나타내는 생약재는 가시오가피, 강황, 갈근, 계피, 석곡, 소목, 영지, 오약, 익지인, 죽엽, 필발, 초두구가 이에 속하였다. 생약재의 추출 시간 및 온도에 따른 수율을 조사한 결과, 추출 시간이 경과함에 따라서 수율이 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 가자, 갈근, 황련, 복분자, 지유, 정향, 계피, 소목 순으로 높은 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 생약재에 여러가지 효소를 이용한 가수분해 결과, 대부분의 생약재에 대해 95$^{\circ}C$에서 2시간동안 추출한 수율과 그다지 큰 차이는 보이지 않았지만 대부분의 생약재가 Termamyl 효소를 사용하여 가수분해하였을 때 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한 지유의 경우는 Viscozyme 효소를 처리하였을 경우 가장 좋은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한, 효소의 최적 온도로 조정한 Water bath에서 0, 30, 60, 120, 210분간 효소 반응 시켜, 420nm에서 갈변도를 시간별로 측정해본 결과, Viscozyme 효소를 처리한 생약재에서 시간이 흐름에 따라 흡광도 수치의 변화가 크게 나타났다. 32종의 생약재 물 추출물의 항고혈압 활성을 측정한 결과, 파고지, 소목, 죽엽의 항고혈압 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 파고지의 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 10%에탄을 추출물의 경우에는 오미자, 오수유, 소목에서 항고혈압 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 오미자의 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 파고지 물 추출물을 칼럼(Sephacryl S-300, High Resolution)으로 분획하여 3개의 Peak를 얻었으며, 2번째 Peak의 항고혈압 활성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

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Changes of Physiological Functionalities during the Fermentation of Medicinal Herbs Doenjang (약용 식물 첨가 된장의 숙성 중 생리기능성의 변화)

  • 이대형;김재호;윤병하;이가순;최신양;이종수
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2003
  • In order to develop new functional doenjang, two types of medicinal herb doenjang were prepared with several medicinal herbs, bamboo salts and meju and then changes of its physiological functionalities were investigated during 6 months of fermentation. Antihypertensive angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory activities of medicinal herb doenjangs were decreased to 39.0∼5l.7% from 61.7∼72.5% after 6 months of fermentation. Fibrinolytic activity and electron donating ability of medicinal herb doenjangs were showed 10.4∼11.3 U and 96.3∼99.1% after 6 months of fermentation, respectively. SOD-like activity of medicinal herb doenjangs were also showed approximate 10% and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 20$^{\circ}C$ -water extracts of medicinal herb doenjang(I) was increased up to 97.6% from 12.9% after 6 months of fermentation. Crude protein content and total sugar content of medicinal herb doenjangs were approximate 14% and 33%, respectively, which were higher than those of traditional doenjang.

Changes of Root Yield and Essential Oil Content by Cultivated Years in Asaram siebold Mio (세신의 재배년차에 따른 근수량 및 정유성분 함량변화)

  • 김동원;송영주;최영근
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.27-30
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    • 1999
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the change of root yield and essential oil contents by cultivated year in Asaram siebold Mio. Growth of aerial part such as plant height, leaf length and leaf width increased rapidly in two to three-year-old. Root length and root weight per plant were increased as cultivation year passed. Especially the speed of development was very fast in two and three-year-old alike aerial part. Root yield was the highest at five-year-old. The content of essential oil was decreased gradually as cultivation year passed. Methyleugenol content was increased, while safrole content was decreased by cultivated years. The increasing of methyleugenol content in four to five-year-old was not higher than three to four-year-old. In the result, it concluded that the optimum harvest time of Asarum sieboldi MiO is five-year-old cultivated based on root yield and effective medical components.

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Occurrence of Stem Rot of Aster glehni Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii (Sclerotium rolfsii 에 의한 섬쑥부쟁이 흰비단병 발생)

  • Kwon, Jin-Hyeuk;Lee, Chang-Jung;Park, Chang-Seuk
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.85-87
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    • 2005
  • In July 2003, a destructive stem rot occurred sporadically in an exhibition farm on Aster glehni of Hamyanggun, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea. The typical symptoms of the disease were water-soaking, stem rot, wilt or blight. The infected plants were mostly died. White mycelial mats were spread over lesions and sclerotia were formed on stems and near soil line. The sclerotia were globoid or irregular in shape, 1~3 mm in size, and white to brown in color. The optimum temperature for fungal growth was about 30oC. Clamp connections were observed in the hyphae of the fungus grown on potato dextrose agar, and hyphal diameter was 3~8 ${\mu}m$. On the basis of mycological characteristics and test of pathogenicity to host plants, the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. This is the first report on the stem rot of Aster glehni caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

Sclerotinia Rot of Obedient plant (Physostegia virginiaqna) Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum에 의한 꽃범의 꼬리 균핵병)

  • Kwon, Jin-Hyeuk;Park, Chang-Seuk
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.28-31
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    • 2003
  • A sclerotinia rot was occurred on the stems of Obedient plant (Physostegia virginiaqna) grown in the exhibition field of Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea in 2002. The typical symptoms of the disease were that the infected leaves and stems, at first, became dark green, then watery and soft rotted, later, White fluffy mycelia formed on the lesion developed black sclerotia, later, Sclerotia formed on the plants and PDA medium were globose to cylindrical or irregular in shape and 1.0~10.3$\times$1.0~8.4 mm in size. Aphothecia were cup-shape with numerous asci and 0.8~1.8 cm in diameter, Asci were cylindrical in shape and 84~286$\times$4.7~26.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. Ascospores were one cell hyaline, ellipsoid to ovoid in shape, and 7.6~12.8$\times$3.4~6.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in size. The optimum temperature far mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$. This is the first report on the sclerotinia rot of Physostegia virginiaqna caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Korea.

Anticoccidial Effect of Herb Extracts against Eimeria tenella (약초 추출액의 닭콕시듐 Eimeria tenella 대한 항콕시듐 효과)

  • Kim Byeung-gie
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.911-916
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    • 1995
  • Ionophorous antibiotics have been used popularly for the protection of avian coccidiosis, though Halo-fuginone which is derived from an extract of the Dichroa febrifuga, was developed as an antimalarial and anticoccidial agent. The antibiotics are regarded as the causes of residues in the avian products, therefore the author has tried to find out more safe herbal materials for the control of avian coccidiosis. Thus, the extracts of 5 kinds of herbs, roots of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai and Sophora flavescens Aiton, nuts of Quisqualis indica Linne, whole herbs of Artemisia annua Linne and Polygonum aviculare Linne, were investigated on the efficacy against E tenella. Survival rates, bloody diarrhea, lesion scores, body-weight gains and feed conversion rate were investigated at the 1st and the 2nd week after infection. The bloody diarrhea in the groups treated with P koreana, A annua, Q indica and P aviculare were milder than those in the groups treated with S flavescens and infected control. The lesion score in the groups treat.4 with herb extracts(2.00$\pm$0.82~2.65$\pm$0.89) were lower than those in the control group (2.80$\pm$0.7l). But, there was not significant in all infected groups. The body weight gai in the groups treated with P koreana, S flavescens, A annua and Q indica(291.74$\pm$15.76~303.43$\pm$51.90) were higher than that in the control group (283.71$\pm$16.53) but there was not significant. In a conclusion, analyzing the data of the survival rates, bloody diarrheal symptoms, lesion scores, body weight gains and oocyst excretions, the extract of S flavescens, P koreana, A annua and Q indica were effective. The further research on the above herbal materials will have been carried out by the author and the other researchers by means of the chemical analysis of the components.

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Anthracnose of Pomegranate Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Korea (Colletotrichum acutatum에 의한 석류나무 탄저병)

  • Kwon Jin-Hyeuk;Nam Myeong-Hyeon;Park Chang-Seuk
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.119-121
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    • 2006
  • Anthracnose of pomegranate (Punica granatum) caused by Colletotrichum acutatum was observed in the exhibition field at Hamyang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, and in farmer's orchard at Gaheo-myon, Hapcheon-gun, Gyeongnam province, Korea. The pathogen generally attacks on the fruits and induces dark lesion and rotting. The infected fruits were mostly dropped or mummified. The color of colonies of the pathogenic fungus grown on potato dextrose agar was pinkish gray. Conidia were fusiform in shape and was $8{\sim}16{\times}3{\sim}4{\mu}m$ in size. Appressoria were pale to dark brown in color, clavate in shape and was $8{\sim}12{\times}4{\sim}6{\mu}m$ in size. Optimum temperature for mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$. Pathogenicity of the causal organism was proved according to Koch's postulate. On the basis of mycological characteristics and pathogenicity test on fruit, the fungus was identified as Colletotrichum acutatum. This is the first report on the anthracnose of pomegranate caused by C. acutatum in Korea.

Inhibitory Efficacy of Angelica gigas Nakai on Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MITF), Tyrosinase Related Protein-1 (TRP-1), Tyrosinase Related Protein-2 (TRP-2), and Tyrosinase mRNA Expression in Melanoma Cells (B16F10) (멜라노마 세포에서 당귀추출물의 MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase mRNA 발현 억제 효과)

  • Lee, Soo-Yeon;Lee, Jin-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.23 no.11
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    • pp.1336-1341
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to research the whitening effects of the extract from Angelica gigas Nakai, which is one of the most widely used herbal medicines in Asia. For whitening effects, the tyrosinase inhibition effect of the A. gigas Nakai extract was shown to be greater than 70% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The result of measuring the cell toxicity effect of the extract from A. gigas Nakai on melanoma cells showed 99% toxicity at 500 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), and tyrosinase mRNA expression inhibitory effect by reverse transcription-PCR of the extract from A. gigas Nakai were decreased by 85.7%, 123.9%, 68.8%, and 208%, respectively, at 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration. All these findings could verify that extract from A. gigas Nakai could have an effect on whitening. Moreover, extract from A. gigas Nakai has great potential as a cosmetic ingredient.