• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.205-212
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• 2004

In this paper, to satisfy the temperature requirement of turbopump-inlet condition, the cooling of cryogenic propellant is performed at the simulated suction-line of the Launch Vehicle. The cooling method is by using gas helium injection. This paper investigates the effect of helium injection on liquid nitrogen, which simulates the liquid oxygen. By using helium injection, subcooling of liquid nitrogen can be achieved and in the condition of v/vL≒0.8min-¹ approximately in four minutes subcooling temperature can be achieved.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.175-181
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• 2016

In this paper, the liquid air was selected as the refrigerant in artificial ground freezing to be used for rapid ground freezing and to reduce the risk of suffocation and the applicability of liquid air was verified. In order to evaluate the stability of the liquid air, the oxygen concentration of mixtures with liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen was experimentally examined to meet the oxygen concentration criteria in the Occupational Safety and Health Act. In addition, the effects of the mixture ratio of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, pressure and flow rate change in the storage vessel on the oxygen concentration in the liquid air were investigated. As a result, the ratio of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen 8: 2 was shown to meet the oxygen concentration standards. Pressure and flow rate change in the storage vessel did not have significant effects on the oxygen concentration in the liquid air.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.170-173
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• 2007

Cooling characteristics of a liner were investigated by a film cooling method using a gas nitrogen in a rocket engine. High temperature gas of this test was made by mixing liquid nitrogen with combustion gas of a liquid rocket. A supply system of gas nitrogen was additionally constructed to the existing test facility of liquid rocket engine, and a new test section consisted of a liner and a gas injection ring was manufactured. A 10 second firing test for finding cooling characteristics of the liner was successfully conducted and liner surface temperatures and hot gas temperature was obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2016

In this study, to prevent possible collapse caused by hydraulic or mechanical instability, liquid nitrogen injection method is developed and implemented at the tip of drilling auger of steel pipe propulsion tunneling. In this study, 1/5-scale model auger and sand chamber were manufactured. The prototype diameter of steel pile (or casing) is assumed about 1,000 mm. For the frictional sandy soils and plastic weathered soils, liquid nitrogen injection methods were tested varying water contents of the soils. For the induced hydraulic instability, the ground near the drilling auger was frozen within approximately 5 minutes preventing mechanical collapse and water infiltration. Securing stability of steel pile propulsion tunneling using liquid nitrogen was much more effective for which the water content of the soil somewhat exceeds the optimum water content.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2006

Liquid nitrogen storage is the most effective way to preserve many fungi including what cannot be lyophilized. The use of polypropylene straws instead of cryotubes has many advantages in economy, safety, convenience, and space-saving. We, Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC), established the fungal preservation methods in liquid nitrogen using polypropylene drinking straws and introduced the methods in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.142-148
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• 2018

To improve the performance of a launch vehicle, kerosene, a launch vehicle fuel, undergoes a densification process. Liquid nitrogen injection cooling is an effective densification method which has a simple system and is inexpensive. During the cooling process, however, nitrogen may dissolve in the kerosene, possibly resulting in changes to fuel properties. Therefore, it is essential to measure and eliminate the amount of dissolved nitrogen in the kerosene. In this study, the vacuum extraction principle is introduced to measure the content of dissolved nitrogen in the kerosene. In addition, the experimental results, which used a designed/manufactured nitrogen sampling device, are described. From the results, the validity of the nitrogen sampling device and the dissolved nitrogen measurement/elimination methods was demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.592-600
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• 2007

Nowadays, researches for replacing material systems for cryotanks by composites have been being performed for the purpose of lightweight launch vehicle. In this paper, a type 3 propellant tank, which is composed of the composite developed for cryogenic use and an aluminum liner, was fabricated and tested considering actual operating environment, that is, cryogenic temperature and pressure. For this aim, liquid nitrogen (LN2) was injected into the fabricated tank and in turn, gaseous nitrogen (GN2) was used for pressurization. During this test procedure, strains and temperatures on the tank surface were measured. The delamination between hoop layer and helical one, was detected during the experiment. Several attempts were followed to investigate the cause analytically and experimentally. Thermo-elastic analysis in consideration of the progressive failure was done to evaluate the failure index. Experimental approach through a LN2 immersion test of composite/aluminum ring specimens suitable for simulating the Type 3 tank structure.

• 비료회보
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• s.419
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• pp.26-40
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• 1992

• Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.42-46
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• 2004

금속 테이프 위에 초전도층을 박막형태로 증착시켜서 제조되는 고온초전도 선재인 coated conductor (CC)는 powder-in-tube 공정으로 제조되는 1세대 고온초전도 선재에 비해 액체 질소 온도에서 높은 임계 전류 밀도와 우수한 자장 특성을 가지면서 더 경제적으로 제조 가능하기 때문에 액체질소온도에서 작동 가능한 초전도전력기기 개발에 반드시 필요한 부분으로 인식되고 있다. 최근 국내외적으로 다양한 증착 방법을 사용하여 전력기기 응용이 가능한 장선의 CC 제조공정을 개발하려는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 특히 외국의 경우 이미 CC 선재의 상업화를 위해 기업체가 중심이 되어 집중적인 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.81-82
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• 2008

고온초전도 케이블은 초전도 상태를 유지하기 위해서 반드시 액체질소를 이용한 냉각시스템이 필요하다. 액체질소는 순환펌프에 의해 케이블의 유로를 순환하고 케이블을 냉각시키게 된다. 논문에서는 초전도 케이블의 냉각시스템의 기돈 설계에 있어서 중요한 운전온도 운전압력, 열부하에 대해서 고찰하였고, 현재 국내 초전도 케이블의 연구개발에 대해 고찰함으로써 향후 초전도 케이블이 실용화되기 위해 나아가야 할 방향에 대해 제시하였다.