• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 1997

The data collected to date indicate that sleep-related breathing disorders, including sleep-disordered breathing(sleep apnea) and underlying respiratory system diseases, are one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular dysfunction. Sleep-disordered breathing(sleep apnea) is now recognized as one of the leading causes of systemic hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and stroke. Sleep may exert a profound effect on breathing in patients with underlying respiratory system disease including bronchopumonary diseases, chest wall abnormalities, central alveolar hypoventilation syndromes or respiratory neuromuscular disorders. Chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia in these patients may accelerate the development of long term cardiovascular complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart failure(cor pulmonale). Several recent studies reported that sleep-related breathing disorders are associated with long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Careful assessment of respiratory and cardiovascular function in these patients is critical. Aggressive and highly effective treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders using tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation, nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy(nCPAP), intercurrent oxygen therapy or other interventions can reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular dysfunction and the long-term mortality.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.705-720
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• 2024

This study randomly assigned 24 middle-aged women to determine the effect of a 12-week combined exercise program on cardiovascular function and electrocardiogram-based ST segment and QRS in obese middle-aged women. Analysis of the results was conducted to verify differences within groups and between periods and groups. In terms of cardiovascular function, myocardial oxygen consumption showed a significant decrease in the experimental group during the resting phase and the highest intensity phase during exercise, and an interaction between group and period at rest was also observed. The heart rate recovery rate showed a significant decrease in the experimental group at 2 minutes of recovery, while in the control group, on the contrary, a significant increase was observed. The experimental group showed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, and an interaction between group and period was also observed. There was no change in diastolic blood pressure in both the experimental and control groups, and there was a statistically significant decrease in pulse pressure only in the experimental group at the 3-minute recovery stage. In the case of the electrocardiogram, the QRS height in the experimental group showed a significant increase in most cases at rest and at 3, 6, and 9 minutes during the recovery period, while there was no significant difference in the QRS period in both the experimental and control groups, and the ST segment height was significantly increased at rest in the experimental group. appeared to have increased. Therefore, summarizing the results of this study, it is believed that the 12-week combined exercise program has a positive effect in improving cardiovascular function, ventricular contractility in electrocardiograms, and myocardial ischemia in obese middle-aged women.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.214
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• pp.8-9
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• 2007

신장 합병증은 당뇨병환자가 사망하게 되는 주요 원인의 하나이다. 성인 당뇨병은 주로 제2형 당뇨병으로 1형보다 상대적으로 신장의 합병증이 덜 발생하는 것처럼 보이는데, 이는 신장 합병증의 발생에 다소 시일이 걸리기 때문이다. 따라서 그 전에 심근경색이나 뇌경색 같은 심혈관계 질환으로 사망하는 경우가 많다. 그러나 최근 심혈관계 질환에 대한 치료가 발달해 생존률이 높아져 신장 합병증의 유병률이 높아지고 있다. 당뇨병환자의 교육을 들어보면 신장관리를 포함한 모든 합병증의 예방과 관리에는 혈당조절이 기본원칙이다. 그러나 많은 환자들이 혈당조절의 어려움을 겪고, 방치해 결국 합병증에 의한 사망에까지 다다른다. 신장질환으로 인해 복막투석이나 혈액투석을 하는 환자를 보면 당뇨로 인해 신장기능이 손상된 경우가 많다. 당뇨가 모든 합병증과 신체건강에 영향을 주는 것은 사실이다. 이번 호에서는 당뇨병이 신장기능에 미치는 영향과 혈당조절과 식사조절이 신장과 어떠한 관계가 있는지 알아보도록 하자.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.393-402
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• 2001

A computational model representative of cardiovascular circulation was built using 12 standard lumped compartments. Especially, both the baroreceptor reflex and the cardiopulmonary reflex control model were implemented to explain the auto-regulation of cardiovascular system. Another important aspect of this model is to utilize the impulse-response curve of the nerve system in transferring the impulse error signals to autonomous nerve system. For the verification of this model, we have computed the normal hemodynamic conditions and compared those with the clinical data. Then. hemodynamic shock of 20% hemorrhage to cardiovascular system was simulated to test the effects of the control system model. The results of these two simulations were well matched with the experimental ones. The steady state LBNP simulation was also performed. The transient changes of hemodynamic variables due to ramp increase of bias pressure of LBNP showed good agreement with the physiological experiments. Numerical solution using only the baroreflex model showed relatively a larger deviation from the experimental data. compared with the one using the control model haying both the baroreflex and the cardiopulmonary reflex systems, which shows an important role of the cardiopulmonary reflex system for the simulation of the hemodynamic behavior of the cardiovascular system .

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been identified as one of the most important factors influencing the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, in pediatric CKD, the clinical importance of CVD tends to be overlooked due to the lack of typical manifestations of CVD in this population. The literature has identified several traditional risk factors of CVD that originate from CKD, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and obesity, in addition to new and non-traditional risk factors including anemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, oxidative stress and inflammation. In cases of pediatric CKD, cardiovascular disease is usually restricted to subclinical manifestations such as left ventricular hypertrophy, thickening of intimal media on the carotid artery and calcification of the coronary artery. Therefore, risk factors of CVD in pediatric CKD patients should be closely monitored.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.585-590
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• 2003

Purpose : This study is designed to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and its relationship to risk factors in adolescents with diabetes mellitus(DM). Methods : Ninety-two diabetic patients(80 with type 1 DM and 12 with type 2 DM), ranging from eight to 26 years of age, were studied for cardiovascular autonomic function, and the relationship to age, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), urinary albumin excretion, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy and abnormal nerve conduction velocities(NCV) were analysed. Autonomic function was assessed by measuring heart rate variation during valsalva manoeuvre, deep breathing and standing from a lying position(30 : 15 ratio), and postural hypotension. Results : Among patients with type 1 DM, 22.5% had early, 8.7% had definite, and 1.3% had severe autonomic dysfunction, and among patients with type 2 DM, 16.7% had early, 8.3% had definite, and 8.3% had severe autonomic dysfunction. On logistic regression analysis including both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients, the age of the patient(OR=1.133(1.003-1.279), P<0.05) and duration of diabetes(OR=1.148(1.009-1.307), P<0.05) significantly predicted cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction while HbA1c, blood pressure, urinary albumin excretion, and presence of diabetic retinopathy and abnormal NCV did not. The valsalva ratio was borderline or abnormal in 31.5% of patients, the heart rate variation on deep breathing in 41.3%, the 30 : 15 ratio in 14.1%, and postural hypotension in 9.8% of patients. The valsalva ratio and the heart rate variation on deep breathing significantly predicted cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, but the 30 : 15 ratio and postural hypotension did not. Conclusion : Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction was found in 32.6% of diabetic patients and 10.8 % of patients had definite or severe involvement. The risk of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction increased with the patient's age and the duration of DM. This study suggests that the valsalva ratio and the heart rate variation on deep breathing are the most useful tests in evaluating the cardiovascular autonomic function in children and adolescents with DM.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.751-761
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between limited oral function and cardiovascular disease in adults over 40 years of age. Methods: Data from the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) was used. In this study, 8,766 adults over the age of 40 years were included as study subjects. They completed a health survey which included current prevalence of hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris, as well as information about blood tests, physical measurements, and oral examinations. Statistical analyses were carried out using complex sample cross-tabulation analysis, general linear model, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The study showed that limited oral function was experienced by patients with stroke (61.3%), myocardial infarction (49.1%), cardiovascular disease (38.5%), hypertension (38.1%), and angina (36.4%) (p<0.05). In patients with stroke, the risk of limited oral function was 2.393 times higher than in patients without stroke. Patients with hypertension were 1.233 times more at risk of speaking difficulty than those without hypertension. Conclusions: Limited oral function is associated with cardiovascular disease. To improve oral health, it is necessary to provide integrated, health-based oral care.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.126-127
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• 2001

칼슘은 인체의 필수 원소로서 뼈나 치아의 조직에 강도를 부여하는 신체 지지기능 이외에 체액의 pH를 약 알칼리성으로 유지시켜 장관으로부터 흡수한 영양소를 각 세포에 부드럽게 전달하여 세포 및 효소의 활성화에 의한 근육의 수축, 혈액 응고 및 여러 가지 심혈관계 질환의 예방에 관여하는 기능을 한다. 따라서, 칼슘의 흡수가 부족한 경우에는 뼈나 치아의 발육이 나쁘게 되어 성장이 늦고, 피로를 쉽게 느끼며, 고혈압, 심장병 및 뇌졸증 등의 성인병 및 골다공증의 원인이 된다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2001

근년 경제성장과 더불어 늘어나는 맞벌이 부부, 교통 체증 등과 같은 사회적, 경제적 요인으로 즉석 식품의 수요가 급증하고 있고, 이로 인하여 칼슘 등과 같은 유용무기성분 및 비타민 등과 같은 미량 성분이 결핍되기 쉽다. 칼슘은 뼈나 치아의 조직에 강도를 부여하는 신체 지지기능 이외에 체액의 pH를 약 알칼리성으로 유지시켜 장관으로부터 흡수한 영양소를 각 세포에 부드럽게 전달하여 세포 및 효소의 활성화에 의한 근육의 수축, 혈액 응고 및 여러 가지 심혈관계 질환의 예방에 관여하는 기능을 한다. (중략)

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.653-662
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• 2011

As technology in 3D industry has rapidly advanced, a lot of studies primarily focusing on visual function and cognition have become vigorous. However, studies on effect of 3D visual fatigue on autonomic nervous system have not less been conducted. Thus, this study was to identify and determine the effect that might have a negative influence on sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, and cardiovascular system. Fifteen undergraduates (female: 9, mean age: $22.53{\pm}2.55$) participated and were sat on a comfortable chair, viewing a 3D content during about 1 hour. Cardiac responses like SDNN(standard deviation of RR intervals), RMS-SD(root mean squared successive difference), and HF/LF ratios extracted from the measured PPG(Photo-PlethysmoGram) before viewing 3D were compared to those after viewing 3D. The results showed that after subjects watched the 3D, responses in sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system were activated and deactivated, respectively relative to those before watching the 3D. The results showed that HF/LF ratio, Ln(LF), and Ln(HF) after viewing 3D were significantly reduced relative to those before viewing 3D. No significant effects were observed in SDNN and RMS-SD. Results obtained in this study showed that visual fatigue induced by watching 3D adversely influenced autonomic nervous system, and thereby reduced heart rate variability causing sympathetic nervous acceleration.