• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.664-669
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• 2005

Objectives : To evaluate the clinical significance of abnormal bronchi originating from the trachea or main bronchi. Methods : 21 patients (male:female ratio, 13:8; mean age, 58.2 years, range 34-77), who were diagnosed with major tracheobronchial anomalies by bronchoscopy from January 2001 to March 2005, were enrolled in this study. The anomalous bronchi consisted of 13 tracheal bronchi and 8 cardiac accessory bronchus. The clinical features, bronchoscopic findings, and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Common symptoms, including hemoptysis, cough and dyspnea, resulted from the underlying lung disease regardless of the bronchial anomalies. In this series of 13 tracheal bronchi, 7 cases originated from the trachea within 1cm of the carina (carinal type) and 6 cases originated at a higher level(tracheal type). Most patients had favorable outcome with conservative treatment for the underlying lung disease. Conclusion : Most tracheobronchial anomalies are found incidentally in the process of diagnosing lung disease. The clinical outcome of patients with a bronchial anomaly depends on the underlying lung disease.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.200-206
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• 2013

Purpose : To assess the effect of applying an automated heart model based measurements of left ventricle (LV) and compare with manual and semi-automated measurements at Cardiovascular MR Imaging. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients who underwent cardiac 1.5T MR imaging were included. Steady state free precession cine images of 20 phases per cardiac cycle were obtained in short axis views and both 2-chamber and 4-chamber views. Epicardial and endocardial contours were drawn in manual, automated, and semi-automated ways. Based on these acquired contour sets, the end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) volumes, ejection fraction (EF), systolic volume (SV) and LV mass were calculated and compared. Results: In EDV and ESV, the differences among three measurement methods were not statistically significant (P = .399 and .145, respectively). However, in EF, SV, and LV mass, the differences were statistically significant (P=.001, <001, <001, respectively) and the measured value from automated method tend to be consistently higher than the values from other two methods. Conclusion: An automatic heart model-based method grossly overestimate EF, SV and LV mass compared with manual or semi-automated methods. Even though the method saves a considerable amount of efforts, further manual adjustment should be considered in critical clinical cases.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2000

Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive optical method which measures arterial oxygen saturation with two different wavelength. We can obtain the pulsating component of the arterial blood superimposed on DC level attenuated by venous blood, skin and other nonpulsatile components. This study is based on computing algorithm of oxygen saturation using the integral ratio of pulsatile components. In this algorithm, we used the half cycle of the pulsatile signal rely on arterial contraction. It's period is about 1/4 in 1 cycle. In the result, Our algorithm with 1/4 period of 1 cycle is similar to existing model. Because of removal that A part have low amplitude and possession in long term from calculating, the effect of the motion-artifact is decrease.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 1996

Hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women has recently been a hot issue in medical fields. The author reviewed the physiology of menopause and discussed the physiological mechanism and biological management of vascular flushing and menopausal depression. The above symptoms are hard to distinguish from those of psychiatric disorders.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.182-185
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• 1998

Recently, The non-penetrating injury of bronchus has been increased, especially by traffic accident. Early diagnosis and primary repair of bronchial injury not only restore normal lung function but also avoid the difficulties and complications associated with delayed diagnosis and repair. This report describes about a case of total collapse and consolidation of left lung with the complete transection of nearly bifurcated portion of left main bronchus , lasted for 2weeks after traffic accident. This was diagnosed by fiberbronchoscopy and 3-D chest computed tomography(CT). She underwent the sleeve resection and end to end anastomosis, and postoperative PEEP for 2 days, suctioning twice by fiberbronchoscopy, continue postural drainge and physiotherapy were applied. She had almost full expansion of the left lung at discharge.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.707-710
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• 2004

Bridging bronchus (BB) is an extremely rare tracheobronchial anomaly. This anomaly is often associated with a sling left pulmonary artery (SLPA) and is diagnosed in infancy or at autopsy. A 29-year-old female patient with previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis was admitted because of persistent fever, cough and sputum. Fiberoptic bronchoscope and chest computed tomography revealed a bridging bronchus and associated atelectasis. The right middle and lower lobe was supplied by a bronchus which originates from the left main bronchus and bridges the mediastinum. There was no anomaly of a left pulmonary artery. Right middle and lower bilobectomy was performed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.640-643
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• 2001

A case of endobronchial tuberculosis with left main bronchial stenosis and atelectasis of left lower lobe in a 26-year-old female is reported. She had taken antituberclous agents for 9 months, but she complained of chest pain and coughing. Bronchoscopy revealed patency of left upper bronchus and bronchiectasis of left lower lobe. She underwent left lower lobectomy with bronchoplasty. After the operation she had significant improvement of pulmonary function. Although surgical treatment of endobronchial tuberculosis is controversial, bronchoplastic surgery can be an effective treatment of tuberculous bronchial stenosis because it relieves patients from symptoms by preserving lung functions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.66-69
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• 1999

Bronchogenic cyst is an uncommon congenital lesion which is derived from the primitive foregut. Most bronchogenic cyst may develope at the tracheal bifurcation, both main bronchi, the lung parenchymeand the mediastinum. A 40-year old male was evaluated for dyspnea and chest tightness. Computed tomography revealed a well dermarcated, 7.2 ${\times}$ 7.9 cm sized, homogeneous mass compressing the left atrium. 2D-echo showed grade III mitral regurgitation. We completely removed the cystic mass and then confirmed the bronchogenic cyst in the pathological diagnosis. During the follow up period, the patient progressed well without any symptoms and showed grade I mitral regurgitation on the 2D-Echo. Therefore, we report a case of the bronchogenic cyst causing grade III mitral regurgitation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.285-288
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• 2008

Recurrent pneumothorax was associated with the menstrual cycle in two women 20 to 30 years age; this is referred to as catamenial pneumothorax. This form of pneumothorax occurs within 72 hours before or after the onset of menstruation. The pathophysiology underlying this condition is unknown. We report here on two cases of catamenial pneumothorax that were successfully treated by partial resection of the diaphragm.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2017.03a
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• pp.703-707
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• 2017

배아줄기세포 유래 심근세포는 심근경색 등으로 심장이 제 기능을 다 하지 못할 때 치료적 목적으로 주사하여 환자의 심기능을 정상화 시키는 데에 쓰인다. 배아줄기세포 유래 심근세포는 페이스메이커 활동을 보이면서 막전압 고정상태에서도 주기적인 일과성 내향전류를 보이는 특징을 갖고 있다. 본 연구는 기존에 발표된 배아줄기세포 유래 심근세포의 시뮬레이션 모델을 이용하여 어떻게 하여 페이스메이커 활동이 나타나는지 그 기전을 밝히고자 하였다. 세포내 모든 이온을 고정하였을 때 모델 세포는 여전히 페이스메이커 활동을 보였다. 근장그물내 칼슘 이온을 고정하였을 때도 모델 세포는 페이스메이커 활동을 보였다. 그러나 Na-Ca 교환 전류를 차단하였을 때는 모델 세포의 페이스메이커 활동이 사라졌는데, 여기서 L-type $Ca^{2+}$ 전류의 칼슘 의존성 비활성화 기전을 제거하자 페이스메이커 활동이 지속되었다. 또한 Na-Ca 교환전류와 L-type $Ca^{2+}$ 전류만으로는 페이스메이커 활동이 보이지 않았으나 L-type $Ca^{2+}$ 전류의 크기를 3배로 증가시키자 페이스메이커 활동이 다시 나타남을 확인하였다. 따라서, 배아줄기세포 유래 심근세포의 페이스메이커 활동은 Na-Ca 교환전류와 L-type $Ca^{2+}$ 전류의 역할이 매우 중요하며, Na-Ca 교환전류는 L-type $Ca^{2+}$ 전류가 비활성화되지 않도록 칼슘 이온의 농도를 조절하는 데에 큰 역할을 하는 것으로 결론을 내렸다.