• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-108
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• 2005

This study was to conceptualize Palzha and investigate Palzha inference as mode of self-view. In general, people would like to attribute their unhappy and unfortunate life events or histories to Palzha which is given by the supernatural being. According to analysis of interviews and open-ended responses concerning on Plazha, Palzha indicated 'luck', 'uncontrollable situation', or 'fate' given by the supernatural being. In study 2, we conducted an analysis of the relationship between locus of control belief and Palzha attribution. More having external control belief, more tending to attributing the rugged life events or histories, and unexpected fortunate events to Palzha. Consequently, Palzha as mode of self-view on everyday events or life-events indicated it is likely to be another dimension of attribution on negative as well as positive life events in Korean culture.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.171-190
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• 2002

Counterfactual thinking refers to a mental simulation of "What might have been," a cognitive process of once-possible-but-unrealized alternatives to facts, Counterfactuals have been reported to produce intensive emotional experiences, specifically regret. The present research reviewed and tried to integrate the previous inconsistent findings in the view of functional value of counterfactuals. Social psychologists proposed that counterfactuals could be categorized into upward(thoughts of better alternatives) versus downward(thoughts of worse alternatives) and additive versus subtractive. Counterfactual processes are more likely to occur following negative or unexpected rather than positive expected outcome, consistent with the minimization-mobilization hypothesis. Downward counterfactuals serve affective functions(to make one feel better) through contrast effects. Upward counterfactuals serve preparative functions(to prepare and improve performance in the future similar tasks) through causal inferences. Also, upward counterfactuals have been demonstrated in several studies to be followed by success-related attitudes and intentions and actual performance improvement. Furthermore, in terms of regulatory focus, downward counterfactuals were related with the prevention focus(to maintain the current status and upward counterfactuals were related with the promotion focus(to improve the current status). Those findings from numerous studies support that counterfactuals are functional to serve human ongoing motives. In conclusion, applicability and limitation of functional value of counterfactual thinking were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-61
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• 2010

In Korea, Pbichim refers to a psychological state caused by emotional damages that can occur within close relationships. In this state, one might feel reluctant to express one's feelings directly to the other party. It is also possible that Pbichim transforms into anger. This study is aimed to define the term Pbichim as an indigenous psychological concept. In Korea, it is common to express one's feelings indirectly and read the other party's inward thoughts. Pbichim reflects those cultural aspects. In order to examine the representation of Pbichim in Korea, we developed a questionnaire consisting of 15 open-ended questions. The participants were 119 undergraduate and graduate students at Korea University, and the data was analyzed qualitatively. As a result, four different aspects of Pbichim (unsatisfied expectation, being ignored, being alienated, and power struggle) could be differentiated by the situation in which people are likely to present Pbichim. The personality traits of Pbichim, the way of relieving it, as well as positive and negative functions of Pbichim were also elicited. In addition, it was found that Pbichim (the concept that has been negatively perceived) has an important function in maintaining and improving an interpersonal relationship in Korea. Lastly, the importance of mind reading within a certain cultural context is discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.131-154
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• 2011

Rapid social changes due to digitization have created new psychological challenges of adapting and coping. Plays are in the center of these changes. Plays used to be collateral activities of labor in the traditional society and industrial society, but they have become key activities embracing economy, society, culture in a digital society that has been maximized productivity and efficiency. Still, the theoretical approach of plays is based on the industrial societies. Analyzing these points, the psychological impacts of players using multimedia, social networking, and digital games utilizing both of them was dealt in this article. I dealt with multimedia, social networking, and digital games as key characteristic of digital culture. The difference between traditional psychology and Digital Cultural Psychology was dealt in the perspective of self-concept, information processing, and sex role. Then the conclusion on the future directions of Digital Cultural Psychology and its limitations will be followed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-146
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• 2010

A total of 181 college students(61 males 121 females) with at least 5 years of living abroad (Returnee Group) and another group of 181 students (92 males and 93 females) without extended period of living abroad (Comparison Group) participated in the study by completing a questionnaire consisting of Acculturation Index, Multidimensional Acculturation Scale, Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, CES-D, and WHOQOL. The results indicated that the Returnee Group, compared to the Comparison Group, reported as good adjustment toward college life in Korea and positive attitude toward the Korean identity, but a higher level of loneliness. When the Returnee Group were divided into 4 different groups on the basis of acculturation pattern, the Integration and Assimilation Type reported a better adjustment to college life, lower depression and loneliness and better quality of life than the Marginalization Type. The Mariginalization Type appears to be the most vulnerable group, experiencing difficulties in all areas of adjustment, and is clearly in need of interventions. Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.229-239
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• 2023

This research as a literature study is to clarify solution method of hypochondriasis through focused distraction. Hypochondriasis is called by various terms such as somatization symptoms, health anxiety, illness phobia, illness anxiety disorder, hypochondriacal disorder, hypochondriacal neurosis, and hypochondria personality disorder. Hypochondria is basically a factor that causes worry, fear, anxiety, and even phobia, lowering the quality of life at home, work, and society. As the quality of life of individuals is decreasing, the field of counseling psychology and psychological counseling has the task of solving this problem and restoring psychological peace. Accordingly, this study is an attempt to explore the symptoms of hypochondria by using the distraction strategy among cognitive strategies as a way to resolve the condition. Focused distraction strategy can be said to be a kind of cognitive 'avoidance strategy'. Focused distraction strategy is a way to avoid being overly focused on one's health. In addition, it weakens health concerns by 'dispersing' or 'distracting' the 'attention' focused on health in another direction.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-82
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was development of a synthetic scale to measure young adults' views of life and death. Participants were 610 university students. The authors developed a View of Life and Death Scale including several subscales of afterlife views(belief in afterlife and retribution, belief in souls' effects and transmigration), meanings of death(liberation, nature, integration, collapse, impact, futility), death anxiety, death concern(death acceptance, death awareness) and life respect will(suicide inhibition, abortion inhibition, organ donation intention). The present study contributed to enhance our understanding of view of life and death in young adulthood. This study, therefore, could work as a stepping stone to investigate the structural relationship among elements included in views of life and death in young adulthood and to explore the consequences and determinants of personal view of life and death.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.87-114
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• 2009

본 연구는 한국인과 결혼하여 국내에 살고 있는 남녀 국제결혼이민자들이 한국 사회에 적응하는 과정에서 겪게 되는 문화적응스트레스와 정신건강(심리적 안녕감)과의 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 결혼이민자들의 문화적응 과정을 스트레스유발 생애사건으로 간주함에 따라 이 과정에서 겪게 되는 다양한 스트레스(원)들이 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 경기도에 거주하는 여성결혼이민자 810명과 남성결혼이민자 203명을 대상으로 한 설문조사 자료 분석결과, 여성결혼이민자와 남성결혼이민자 모두가 결혼이주를 하면서 기대했던 생활수준 향상의 욕구가 충족될수록, 경제적 문제로 인한 스트레스를 덜 받을수록, 부부관계가 긍정적일수록, 또한 신체적으로 건강한 상태를 유지하는 사람들일수록 심리적 적응수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 여성결혼이민자는 특히 가족생활적응과 관련한 스트레스가 낮을수록 심리적 적응수준이 높은 것에 비해, 남성결혼이민자의 심리적 적응수준은 직장과 관련한 스트레스에 더 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.221-240
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of depression in Korean American men and factors associated with the Korean American men's depression by examining how depression is affected by socio-demographic characteristics, immigration-related characteristics, and psychological and social characteristics. Socio-demographic characteristics include age, education, occupation, and monthly income. Immigration-related characteristics include years in the U. S., being U. S. citizens, and acculturation level. Psychological and social characteristics include anger, marital satisfaction, and social support. Using an availability sampling method, data were collected from 201 Korean American married men who were between the ages of 20 and 64 and resided in Los Angeles County. This study used a structured self-administered questionnaire. Due to the unreliable responses, five questionnaires were excluded from the study. Therefore 196 completed questionnaires were used for the data analyses. In order to measure the respondents' depression, the CES-D(Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression) was used in this study. In the hierarchical multiple regression analyses, monthly income, anger, marital satisfaction, and social support were significantly associated with the respondents' depression. However, there were no significant associations between depression and age, education, occupation, being a U. S. citizen, and acculturation. Implications of the findings for mental health practitioners and social works are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-44
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the types of personality of North Korean female refugees, which were extracted from the T-scores of SPFQ(scales of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire) and psychological adaptation. For this, The data of 158 North Korean female refugees located in Seoul Yangchun-Gu and Gayang-Gu was analyzed. The results were as follows. Firstly, the ratio of over 65T in ego-strength, self-control, social-boldness, anxiety scales and under 34T in abstractedness and openness to change scales was higher than in other scales. Secondly, there were statistically significant differences in personality characteristics based on the demographic variables especially age and the term of residence in South Korea. Thirdly, three distinct groups were extracted from the K-means cluster analysis. The first group was characterized with emotional-unstability and negative emotionality. And the North Korean female refugees in the second group hesitated to enter into and maintain proper relationships with south korean, while they were unlikely to accept norms and rules in South Korea. The third group, characterized by higher emotional stability, ego-strength, and agreeableness, was met normal range in all the scale of SPFQ. Finally, each three groups were showed statistically significant differences in psychological adaptation scales(self-identity and resilience). We expected that these results contributed to explore the psychological and the political plans for North Korean female refugees' settlement in South Korea.