• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.155-169
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• 2014

We meet many difficult challenges from many factors such as crime, natural disasters, social unrest, financial problems, employment, and so on. It therefore essential to cope with these negative stressful events to attain a state of personal well-being. Lately in the field of psychology and psychiatry, a concept called 'resilience' has received increasing attention. Resilience embodies the personal qualities that enable one to thrive in the face of adversity. Also it refers to the process of overcoming the negative effect of risk exposure, coping successfully with adversity, and avoiding the negative trajectories associated with risks. Resilience people were expected to do their innovative work behavior well. And SUS(supervisor support), COS(coworker support), OEMC(organizational error management culture) influence the relationship of resilience between Innovative Behavior. This study focused on three question. First, how is resilience relate to individual performance in the organization? And second, are there any moderate factors between resilience and individual performance. As the result of the hierarchical regression analysis, resilience indicates positive effects on IB and IB was predicted by interaction of resilience by SUS and OEMC. Findings in this study indicated that the level of SUS and OEMC should be considered in interpreting the resilience and Innovative Behavior.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.95-103
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify convergence factors related to glycemic control in workers with diabetes mellitus. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data of "The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2013." The survey included 44,085 adults aged over 19 under 65 years with diabetes mellitus and 764 samples with worker were used for this study. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0 program and descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analyses were performed. The general characteristics variables shown statistically significant difference between the good and the poor glycemic control group was gender. The Health behavior-related and disease-related variables shown statistically significant difference between the good and the poor glycemic control group were diabetes mellitus duration, diabetes mellitus treatment, hypertension diagnosis, smoking, moderate physical activity, walking exercise practice. Factors related to glycemic control were gender, diabetes mellitus treatment, walking exercise practice. These findings suggest that researchers need more active treatment and walking exercise as important factors affecting glycemic control of Korean worker with diabetes mellitus and intervention focusing on the issues needs to be developed in workplace environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2000

노인소비자들은 나이와 함께 기능적인 능력이 감퇴하면서 주택내의 환경이 그들의 한계와 장애를 보완해 줄 수 있게 좀 더 지원적이기를 기대한다. 이러한 노인그룹을 포함하여 모든 사용자에게 독립적이고, 안전하며, 편리한 생활환경을 조성해 주는 것이 유니버셜 디자인이다. 이 연구의 목적은 유니버셜 디자인 개념으로 개발 된 혁신적인 욕실용품들, 즉 높이가 조절되어 앉거나 서서 사용하는 장점 등을 갖춘 세면대와 높이조절이 되는 이동식 샤워기가 장착된 걸어서 들어가며, 접이식 의자가 있는 등의 장점을 가진 욕조에 대한 소비자 의견의 검토이다. 피험자는 미국에 사는 미국노인과 한국노인(50세이상-79세까지)으로 합계 58명이었다. 실험장소는 미국서부소도시 대학의 유니버셜 디자인 연구실로, 이 대학의 협력으로 이곳에 장착된 신개발 설비를 이용하였다. 실험시기는 1997년 5월부터 11월 사이(봄, 가을)로 소비자 의견조사는 3단계로 이루어졌다. 먼저 1단계 설문조사에서는 피험자 거주주택의 욕실환경, 피험자의 목욕방법, 건강과 안전, 새로운 욕실설비에 대한 소비자 의견 등이 조사되었다. 2단계는 실제로 선정 된 욕실설비의 사용실험으로 피험자가 옷입은 상태에서 목욕을 가정하여 선택된 설비의 사용동작을 하면서(비디오 촬영) 조사자의 조사표에 의한 질문에 답하였다. 3단게는 2단계의 사용실험 후 유니버셜 디자인 된 욕실설비의 가정 내 도입의사 등의 조사를 하였다. 위에서 설명한 3단계의 소비자 의견조사 및 실험에서 얻은 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1) 미국거주 미국노인과 한국노인의 비교에서 한국노인의 평균 신장이 3cm정도 작았고, 2개이상의 욕실을 가진 비율과 학벌, 독신거주비율은 미국노인이 다소 높았고, 욕조 소유율은 한국노인이 높았다. 2) 새로운 욕실 설비에 대한 소비자 의견은 미국과 한국노인 모두 유니버셜 디자인된 새 설비의 장점을 인정하였다. 욕조와 세면조가 매력적이라 평하였고 샤워조작기가 색상구분으로 도운물과 찬물인지가 편하며, 접이식 의자가 유용하며, 문 달린 욕조의 안전 손잡이와 욕조가장자리를 잡고 안전하게 출입한다고 했다. 그러나 욕조길이와 높이에서 두 나라간에 차가 있어 앞으로 치수에 대한 것이 연구과제로 지적되었다. 3) 욕실 설비 개발 시 유니버셜 디자인 용품에 요구되는 목표는 안전하게 쓸 수 있고, 가령에 따른 신체장애요소가 커버되어 스스로 사용가능하고, 사용상 번거로움이 없어 정신적 스트레스를 주지않는 것이어야 하겠다. 4) 선택된 유니버셜 디자인 욕실설비는 표준치수의 현 욕조위치에 장착이 가능하여 앞으로 현 주택에의 교체가 가능하였다. 5) 선택된 유니버셜 디자인 욕실설비는 인체치수와 문화가 다른 두 나라 노인 모두 긍정적으로 평가하여 앞으로의 국제적 보급이 기대되었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.402-411
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• 2010

The aims of this study were to investigate the level of activity in the elderly residing in city and rural area and to determine the contributing factors to quality of life (QOL). Subjects were 537 who were older than 60 years of age. QOL was assessed by the SF-36, and the level of activity was assessed by the Korean Activity Checklist. QOL in the elderly residing in city was higher than that in the elderly residing in rural area, and the level of activity was also higher in the elderly residing in city in instrumental activities of daily living, low and high level of physical activity, and social activity compared with the elderly residing in rural area. There was a significant correlation between the level of activity and QOL. The contributing factors to QOL were QOL lower level scores, the Korean Activity Checklist scores, health status, and occupation in the elderly residing in city, whereas the contributing factors to QOL were QOL lower level scores, the Korean Activity Checklist scores, health status, age, and level of education in the elderly residing in rural area. From the findings of this study, the environment in that the elderly can enjoy meaningful activity should be constructed and various programs should be developed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.88
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• pp.1166-1171
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• 2007

Exercise is the strongest stress to which the body is ever exposed. The body responds to this stress through a set of physiological changes in its metabolic, hormonal, and immunological systems. In this study, responses of the immune system to the long-term aerobic and anaerobic exercises have been investigated. Regular moderate exercise is associated with a reduced incidence of infection compared with a sedentary groups. Aerobic training increases the heart rate and enhances the body's intake of oxygen long enough to benefit the condition of the body. In recent years, the importance of exercise in everyday life has been rapidly increasing. Moderate exercise appears to stimulate the immune system. And also, Exercise elicits an increase in the numbers of circulating lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets (including NK cells) which is followed by a decrease in the numbers of cells during recovery from exercise. However, prolonged bouts of strenuous exercise cause a temporary depression of various aspects of immune functions (e.g. lymphocyte proliferation, monocyte antigen presentation, open window periods, exercise induced asthma, exercise induced anaphylaxis) that usually lasts 2-24 hr after exercise depending on the intensity and duration of the exercise bout. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was defined as a decrease of at least 15% in pre exercise forced expiratory volume in one second at any time point after exercise. This includes elevation of cortisol and cathecholamines in plasma. On the other hand, highly trained athletes exhibit a chronic mild hypercortisolism at baseline that maybe an adaptive change to chronic exercise. And, Consuming carbohydrate during prolonged strenuous exercise attenuates rises in stress hormones and appears to limit the degree of exercise-induced immune depression. Recent evidence suggests that antioxidant vitamin supplementation may also reduce exercise stress and impairment of leukocyte functions.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.16-25
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• 1985

To evaluate the health status of the aged in rural area, 476 men and women of 65 years old and older among the residents of Gunwee County in Kyungpook were examined at the county health center between 4th and 22nd of June, 1984. Physical examination included measuring height, weight, chest circumference and blood pressure and chest x-ray. Laboratory tests were done for serum cholesterol, glucose and GOT, and urine glucose and protein. The mean heights of male and female were 160${\pm}$7.0cm and 147.7${\pm}$6.9cm, respectively. The height decreased as the age increased. The mean body weight of male was 53.5${\pm}$7.8kg and 46.7${\pm}$7.5kg for female and the older, the eighter. The mean chest circumference of male was 85.4${\pm}$7.5cm and 79.5${\pm}$79cm for female and it had no remarkable differences by age group. The average height, body weight, chest circumference, and serum cholesterol level of the age 65 years and older in rural area were lower than the standard this may be due to undernutrition of the aged. The mean diastolic and systolic blood pressure of male were 75.9${\pm}$13.5 mmHg/126.3${\pm}$24.1 mmHg and those for female were 73.1${\pm}$13.9 mmHg/125.8${\pm}$32.4 mmHg. Both male an d female in the age group of 65-69 years showed the lowest mean blood pressure. Among the study population 18.3% the borderlin hypertension and 14.3% had hypertension. Average hemoglobin level of the male(12.5${\pm}$0.8 g/dl) was higher than that of the female(11.6${\pm}$0.8 g/dl) (p < 0.01). Mean serum G.O.T. level was 25.2${\pm}$8.7 IU for male and 23.6${\pm}$7.5 IU for female and all of the study population were within the normal range. Mean serum glucose level was 110.4${\pm}$16.0 mg/dl for the male and 110.5${\pm}$15.7 mg /dl for the female and 41.4% of the study population were above the normal limit of serum glucose level. However, there was only one person she had glycosuria. Hyperglycemia could be due to non-fasting before the test. Two of the study population had proteinuria and five persons (1.05%) were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis by the chest x-ray.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2016

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder of the organic acid metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). PCC is a heteropolymeric enzyme composed of ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits. The clinical symptoms of PA are heterogeneous and present vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia, and lethargy, and it can result in death. The typical presentations of neonatal onset PA are life-threatening metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia. Here, we described a case of neonatal onset PA with mild clinical presentations. She was born to a healthy mother without complications. No significant illness was observed until nine days after birth. She started exhibiting poor oral feeding, vomiting, lethargy, and hypotonia at ten days old. Her laboratory results showed mild hyperammonemia and acidosis. The initial diagnosis was neonatal sepsis and she was treated with antibiotics. However, her clinical symptoms didn't improve. So we considered a metabolic disease. She was given nothing by mouth and intravenous hydration and nutrition support was performed. Propionylglycine and 3-hydroxypropionic acid were showed high concentrations in urine by gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS). C3 level of acylcarnitine analysis elevated 10.4 uM/L (range, 0.200-5.00) in plasma. We took gene analysis for PA to be based on the symptoms and laboratory results. We detected PCCB gene mutation and diagnosed PA. She survived without severe neurologic defects and complications and was hospitalized only three times with upper respiratory tract infections for 7 years. We report a case of a ten days old neonate with PA presenting without severe metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia who was effectively treated with early aggressive care and conventional methods.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.143-160
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• 2006

Objectives : As the side effect brought up by internet game addiction, many reports come out, but most of past articles are for middle or high school students. There is seldom a poisoning game treatise to a primary school student, if there is treatise, it is real condition that treatise for lead pipe with psychological reasons is seldom discussion about physical symptoms. This research searches high grade elementary students' game use actual conditions and when divide to general user group, latent danger use group, high dangerous use group, according to serious illness degree of game poisoning, three groups and game poisoning happens, recognized about body symptoms that happen much. Methods : Target population of these questionnaire are fifth and sixth grade elementary student of Seoul city 2 school. Chose 263 elementary students, 144 men, 119 women who understand purpose of research and admit participation is 25 October, 2006 since 1 September, 2006 Results : As poisoning serious illness degree is high, there are many number of game times, much more boys are addicted to internet game than girs, insomnia is apt to happen frequently in game poisoning danger group, and correlation is high by megrim, shoulder ache, digestive trouble. Insomnia, symptoms that show next even if some symptoms show first because there is high correlation between megrim, shoulder ache, digestive trouble is high possibility to happen among four symptoms. Insomnia, megrim, shoulder ache, digestive trouble that happen by internet game poisoning, is apt to increase by increasing addiction. Symptoms treatment can divide by internal treatment that treat insomnia, megrim, digestive trouble, external treatment that is typical symptoms of VDT syndrome shoulder ache, headache, fatigue persimmon. Root treatment is mind symptoms treatment. Game addiction treatment is relationship method 'seven emotions injury treatment' in oriental medicine. 'promote the normal flow of qi' and 'adjustment of suitable emotion' can talk as pivotal point of treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.60-69
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• 2012

The project on Geonjisan Universal Design Forest Trail in Jeonju City was designed and constructed by an NGO called 'Jeonbuk Forest for Life' which was a winner for the '2008 Open Competition by the 'Committee for Greening Society' established in Korea Land Corporation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the design satisfaction of UD forest trail. Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) method was applied to measure the user satisfaction and the total number of users. The main result of the study were as follows: the major users of the Geonjisan UD forest trail were people aged over 60 years old(37%) and the main purpose of trail usage were to 'walk and rest'(51.5%) and to 'exercise and rehabilitation' (40.6%). Furthermore, the overall user rating for the UD forest trail design was "satisfied"(3.91 point in 5-point Likert Scale). The three most influencing factors of the overall user satisfaction were facility management, user conflict, and trail width and slope. About forty-five people were found to be End-user in the UD forest trail while six people were found as End-user in non-UD trails. Most importantly, the number of End-user observed on the UD forest trail was greater than the number found in non-UD forest trail. The result implies that the UD forest trail attracts more End-users and provides opportunity for gathering and interaction with the other users. Moreover, the satisfaction rate for the UD forest trail landscape is found to be high in Likert scale, which we can assume that the well-grown existing trees and topographic features as well as appropriately designed wood-paths influence the high satisfaction rate of the users. The POE of UD forest trail revealed the importance of universal design concept due to its convenient uses of the handicapped, old, weak, pregnant woman or children.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.68-80
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• 2016

This study analyzed the influence of the perception of physical environment on user satisfaction and park use when people use the park to improve their health. The study is focused on neighborhood parks in Suseong-gu, Daegu city. Statistical analyses were employed to data collected from 143 visitors on site. First of all, in the perception evaluation of the physical environment of the park, accessibility and pedestrian environment are the highest at 4.04, while water space and attractions in the park as the lowest parts are at 2.32 and 2.66. After conduct factor analysis to type 22 physical environmental awareness components, five main factors--Comfort, Availability, Amenity, Facilities convenience and Visuality--were classified. Then, satisfaction and influence on park use were analyzed. As a result, the factors affecting user satisfaction were comfort, availability, amenity and facility convenience. Among them, the category of amenity was the most influential factor at 0.315. The factors affecting the park use were availability and amenity. Availability factor had a higher influence at 0.396 than amenity at 0.293. Therefore, in order to improve satisfaction and park use for health improvement, it is necessary to secure sufficient green areas and create a pleasant environment. Also, it is necessary to improve the quality of walkability from homes to parks, trail improvement and other improvements.