• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.184-193
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• 2007

Objectives:There is increasing evidence that the cerebellum plays an important role in cognition and psychiatric symptoms as well as motor coordination. The concept of cognitive dysmetria has been making cerebellar function in schizophrenia the focus of current studies. In other words, disruption in the corticocerebellum-thalamic -cortical circuit could lead to disordered cognition and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. The purposes of this study were to determine cerebellar dysfunction in male schizophrenic patients semiquantitatively with ICARS and to investigate the clinical and cognitive correlates of ICARS in patients. Methods:We compared the scores of cerebellar neurologic sign using ICARS in 47 male patients with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia with 30 gender and age-matched healthy control subjects. The semiquantitative 100-point ICARS consists of 19 items divided into 4 unequally weighted subscores:posture and gait disturbances, kinetic functions, speech disorders and oculomotor disorders. All subjects were also assessed with cognitive function test. Cognitive functions were evaluated by Korean-Mini Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE), Verbal fluency test, and Clock drawing test. The patients were administered Korea version of Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(K-PANSS) to assess the symptom severity. Results:Schizophrenic patients had significantly higher scores on the ICARS than control subjects with posture and gait disturbances, kinetic functions, and oculomotor disorders. They also showed more significant impairments in cognitive function tests than control subjects. There was a significant correlation between ICARS and negative symptoms of patients. In cognitive function test, Clock drawing test was significantly associated with negative symptoms. In addition, Clock drawing test was negatively correlated with the total score of ICARS. Conclusion:In this study, we confirmed that schizophrenic patients have significant impairments in cognitive and cerebellar function, and that those were related with negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients. These results support a role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia. It is meaningful that we used a structured, and reliable procedure for rating neurological soft signs, ICARS. We hope that future prospective studies using a similar design help that rate of neurological sign should have been visible with the progression of illness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.916-919
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• 2017

최근 딥러닝의 발달로 인해 Sentiment analysis분야에서도 다양한 기법들이 적용되고 있다. 이미지, 음성인식 분야에서 높은 성능을 보여주었던 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)은 최근 자연어처리 분야에서도 활발하게 연구가 진행되고 있으며 Sentiment analysis에도 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 기존의 머신러닝에서는 lexicon을 이용한 기법들이 활발하게 연구되었지만 word embedding이 등장하면서 이러한 시도가 점차 줄어들게 되었다. 그러나 lexicon은 여전히 sentiment analysis에서 유용한 정보를 제공한다. 본 연구에서는 SemEval 2017 Task4에서 제공한 Twitter dataset과 다양한 lexicon corpus를 사용하여 lexicon을 CNN과 결합하였을 때 모델의 성능이 얼마큼 향상되는지에 대하여 연구하였다. 또한 word embedding과 lexicon이 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 모델을 평가하는 metric은 positive, negative, neutral 3가지 class에 대한 macroaveraged F1 score를 사용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.720-722
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• 2009

Optimal operation of electric power generating plants is very essential for any power utility organization to reduce input costs and possibly the prices of electricity in general. This paper developed models for load forecasting using neural networks approach. This model is tested using actual load data of the Busan and weather data to predict the load of the Busan for one month in advance. The test results showed that the neural network forecasting approach is more suitable and efficient for a forecasting application.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.139-152
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• 2002

Objectives：This study was conducted to compare the clinical and neuropsychological characteristics by DSM-IV subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) patients who did not have comorbid psychiatric disorders. Methods：5-15 year old children with ADHD were recruited at psychiatric outpatient clinic of Yeungnam University hospital and the patients with comorbidity or neurological abnormalities were excluded. Finally, total 404 children with ADHD were selected for this study. There were 234 subjects of ADHD-C(57.9%), 156 subjects of ADHD-I(38.6%) and 14 subjects of ADHD-HI(3.5%), who fulfilled the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The mean age of the total subjects was 9.63±2.49 years old. The psychopathology, IQ, behavioral problems, neuropsychological executive function were evaluated before pharmacological treatment. The measures were Korean Personality Inventory of Child(K-PIC) for psychopathology, 4 behavioral check lists(ADDES-HV, ACTeRS, CAP, SNAP) for behavioral symptoms of ADHD, K-ABC and KEDI-WISC for IQ and Conner's CPT, WCST, SST for neuropsychological executive functions. Results：1) The prevalence of subtypes was ADHD-C, ADHD-I, ADHD-HI in decreasing order. There was no sex difference of prevalence among three subtypes. The mean age of ADHD-I was older than other subtypes. 2) There was significant differences of psychopathology among subtypes, the ADHD-C and ADHD-HI had higher than the ADHD-I in the scores of delinquent, hyperactivity and psychosis；the ADHD-C had higher than the ADHD-I in the scores of family relation and autism, the scores of ego resilience were lower than the ADHD-I. However, there was no difference in anxiety, depression and somatization scores among them. 3) The results of behavioral symptom check lists, the ADHD-C had higher the score of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity than the ADHD-I. Meanwhile the results of ACTeRs, which rated by the teachers, were different. 4) There were significant differences of sequential processing scale and arithmetics among subtypes in IQ using K-ABC, but there was no significant difference between the ADHD-C and the ADHD-I after excluding the ADHD-HI due to small numbers. 5) There was numerical difference among subtypes but did not reach statistical significance in three neuropsychological executive function tests. Conclusion：In conclusion, our results revealed that there was significant difference in clinical features among three subtypes but, no significant difference in executive functions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

According to the development of the Internet and the pervasion of Data Base, it is not easy to search for necessary information from the huge amounts of data. In order to do efficient analysis of a large amounts of data, this paper proposes a method for pattern classification based on the effective strategy for dimension reduction for narrowing down the whole data to what users wants to search for. To analyze data effectively, Radial Basis Function Networks based on VC-dimension of Support Vector Machine, a model of statistical teaming, is proposed in this paper. The model of Radial Basis Function Networks currently used performed the preprocessing of Perceptron model whereas the model proposed in this paper, performing independent analysis on VD-dimension, classifies each datum putting precise labels on it. The comparison and estimation of various models by using Machine Learning Data shows that the model proposed in this paper proves to be more efficient than various sorts of algorithm previously used.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-53
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to systematically review dysphagia rehabilitation treatment for children with feeding disorders. Methods : The articles evaluated in this study were collected from the PubMed, Medline Complete, and CINAHL databases and subsequently reviewed using the PRISMA flow chart and PICOS approach. A total of 13 papers were analyzed for study quality, disease groups, evaluation tools, interventions, and post-intervention effects. Results : Of the reviewed papers, six (46.15%) related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and seven (53.85%) to cerebral palsy (CP) with age ranges of between 2 and 8 years for the ASD studies and between 12 months and 18 years for CP. In evaluating the types of feeding disorder involved, the ASD group exhibited predominantly behavioral conditions while the CP subjects had a larger number of functional oral and swallowing issues. In terms of interventions, behavior modifications were used most frequently with ASD while oral-sensory motor, texture modifications, and electrical stimulation were applied at the same frequency with children with CP. All interventions were found to be effective. Conclusion : In this study, research into children with feeding disorders was reviewed according to condition, evaluation tool, and method of intervention. It is expected that this review can be used as basic data for developing a protocol that will allow clinicians to efficiently apply condition-specific interventions for eating disorders without resorting to trial and error.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the developmental and clinical characteristics associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed a parent questionnaire consisting of a Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL). Data related to the prenatal, perinatal and developmental history, past and current medical history were collected. Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : The nocturnal enuresis group attained diurnal and nocturnal urinary control significantly later than those in the normal control group.49.2% of the children with nocturnal enuresis had the family history of nocturnal enuresis. Daytime incontinence was present in 41.3% of the nocturnal enuresis group. The percentages of sleep-related disturbances were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group.42.6% of the children with nocturnal enuresis experienced pharmacotherapy, and 0.4% experienced enuresis alarms. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have a high genetic load and a possibility of developmental delay, which supports the neurodevelopmental point of view with regard to the etiology of nocturnal enuresis. The physicians in Korea prefer pharmacological interventions to alarm interventions in treating Korean children with nocturnal enuresis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 2008

Purpose : The development of the corpus callosum occupies the entire period of cerebral formation. The myelination pattern on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very useful to evaluate neurologic development and to predict neurologic outcome in high risk infants. The thickness of the corpus callosum is believed to depend on the myelination process. It is possible to calculate the length and thickness of the corpus callosum on MRI. Thus, we can quantitatively evaluate the development of the corpus callosum. We investigated the clinical significance of measuring various portions of the corpus callosum in neonate with neurologic disorders such as hypoxic brain damage and seizure disorder. Methods : Forty-two neonates were evaluated by brain MRI. We measured the size of the genu, body, transitional zone, splenium, and length of the corpus callosum. Each measurement was divided by the total length of the corpus callosum to obtain its corrected size. The ratio of corpus callosal length and the anteroposterior diameter of the brain was also measured. Results : There was no statistical significance in the sample size of each part of the corpus callosum. However, the corrected size or the ratio of body of the corpus callosum correlated with periventricular leukomalacia and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Conclusion : The abnormal size of the corpus callosum showed a good correlation with periventricular leukomalacia and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates. We can predict clinical neurological problems by estimation of the corpus callosum in the neonatal period.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.158-165
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• 2019

Although evaluation of writing disabilities identification and timely intervention are required, clinicians adopt a manual scoring method and there is a possibility of error due to subjective evaluation. In this study, the size ratio and position of letters are digitized and quantified through image processing of offline handwritten characters. We tried to evaluate objectively and accurately the performance of writing through comparison with existing methods. From November 12th to 16th, 2018, 20 adults without neurological injury were selected. They used a pencil to follow the 10 words, 2 sentence stimuli after keeping the usual habit, and we collected the writing test data. The results showed that the height of the word was 1.2 times larger than the width and it tilted to the lower left. The spacing interval was 9mm on average. In the Paired T test, a high correlation was showed between our system and existing methods in the word and sentence 2. This demonstrated the possibility as a testing tool. This study evaluated objectively and precisely writing performance of offline handwritten characters through image processing and provided preliminary data for performance standards. In the future, it can be suggested as a basic data on writing diagnosis of various ages.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.701-705
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• 2005

Purpose : Parents' genetic information plays an important role in their children's genetic expression. Human chromosome has 23-paternal chromosomes and 23-maternal chromosomes. Parental chromosomal translocation can induce clinical problems in their children because of imbalance in genetic information. We intent to analyze the cytogenentic and clinical features about children with maternal balanced translocation between chromosome 15 and 18. Methods : We detected by one family's FISH study of chromosome 15. We have evaluated children born to clinically normal parents about peripheral bood analysis, endocrine, metabolic, radiologic study, electroencephalogram and social & intelligence scale. and We analysis their clinical manifestation by hospital records. Results : Patient's father and elder sister are normal clinically and genetically. Her mother's chromosome show balanced translocation, 46, XX, t(15;18)(p11.2;p11.3). One child has 46, XX, der(18) t(15;18)(p11.2;p11.3), mental retardation, growth retardation, speech & social developmental delay, recurrent infection and mild mitochondria dysfunction. Her young brother has 46, XY, der(15) t(15;18) (p11.2;p11.3), mental retardation, aggressive behavior, obesity and speech developmental delay. Conclusion : In this study we observed the children with developmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, mental retardation, growth retardation associated with growth hormone deficiency and aggressive behavior due to unbalanced translocation between chromosome 15 and 18.