• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1327-1334
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• 2014

Linear form of public works such as roads, railways and rivers, generally used as long work crossing administrative districts, can be several hundreds km length and narrow. These linear forms use SCM sheets, which do not include the quadrangle shape, to make a public announcement of topographical drawing in order to get the work approval. the Integrated measurement channel investigation and cadastral act that are established in 2009 apply the ITRF for the composition of design and construction books and coordinates of topographical map in order to get the work approval. However according to the article 5 of additional clause, while the cadastre is maintaining local coordinates, if there is a technical error in the content of the Public Announcement of Topographical Drawing that used the SCM, the question of responsibility of land borders and the efficacy or not of the announcement is raised as an administrative measure. After analysing the causes and enforcing coordinate conversion and correction taking into account linear form work's features, the result was reflected in the existing SCM. As a conclusion, the present study proposes the improvement of the procedures of the Public Announcement of Topographical Drawing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.275-283
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• 2002

To detect the position and depth of buried underground utilities, method of Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) survey is the most commonly used. However, the skin-depth of GPR is very shallow, and in the places where subsurface materials are not homogeneous and are compose of clays and/or salts and gravels, GPR method has limitations in application and interpretation. The aim of this study is to overcome these limitations of GPR survey. For this purpose the site where the GPR survey is unsuccessful to detect the underground big pipes is selected, and soil tests were conducted to confirm the reason why GPR method was not applicable. Non-destructive high-frequency electromagnetic (HFEM) survey was newly developed and was applied in the study area to prove the effectiveness of this new technique. The frequency ranges $2kHz{\sim}4MHz$ and the skin depth is about 30m. The HFEM measures the electric field and magnetic field perpendicular to each other to get the impedance from which vertical electric resistivity distribution at the measured point can be deduced. By adopting the capacitive coupled electrodes, it can make the measuring time shorter, and can be applied to the places covered by asphalt an and/or concrete. In addition to the above mentioned advantages, noise due to high-voltage power line is much reduced by stacking the signals. As a result, the HFEM was successful in detecting the buried underground objects. Therefore this method is a promising new technique that can be applied in the lots of fields, such as geotechnical and archaeological surveys.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.164-164
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• 2011

우리나라는 하상의 평균경사가 급하고 하상계수가 크게 나타나며, 소하천에서의 돌발홍수가 빈발하게 일어나 국내 실정에 적합한 하천 해석 기술을 이용한 바람직한 하천 거동해석이 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 홍수 시 하천의 만곡부나 협착부에서의 흐름은 기본적으로 2차원 흐름으로 서 이 경우 하천 흐름의 수위와 유속 분포는 1차원 하천 모형으로 모의할 수 없다. 특히 우리나라와 같이 하천에 하구둑, 보, 기타 하천 구조물이 많은 경우에는 2차원적인 흐름 해석은 경우에 따라 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 개발모형인 RAM2 모형을 4대강 살리기 사업이 진행되고 있는 실제유역인 낙동강유역에 적용하여 모형의 적용성을 검증을 위해 그 결과를 실측치와 기존의 법용 프로그램인 RMA-2 모형과 비교하여 모형의 적용성을 입증하였다. 또한 보와 교각과 같은 수공구조물의 설치에 따른 하천흐름의 양상을 파악하기 위하여 RAM2 모형을 달성보 구간에 적용하여 보의 설치 전 후에 대하여 모의를 실시함으로써 모형의 적용성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에 적용된 달성보 구간은 낙동강 살리기 22공구 사업구간으로 중심부에 다기능보가 위치하고 있다. 하천 준설 후, 대상구간 내 보를 설치함으로 인하여 보설치 전 후의 대상구간의 상 하류 하도의 홍수위와 유속분포 등 하천흐름의 양상을 검토하였다. 4대강 살리기 사업에 따라 실제하천의 준설 후 구간내의 전체하도 및 주요 시설물 주위의 하천 흐름을 정확하게 재현하기 위하여 요소망을 조밀하게 구성하고, 안정적인 해를 구하기 위하여 사각형과 삼각형의 복합망으로 낙동강하천정비계획의 측량자료와 GIS프로그램과 SMS를 이용하여 수치모형을 위한 2차원 유한요소망을 구성하였다. 본 연구에서는 보설치 전 후의 대상구간의 상 하류의 홍수위 영향과 유속분포 등 하천흐름의 양상을 연구하기 위하여 대상구간에 대하여 100년 빈도, 500년 빈도의 홍수사상에 대하여 모의를 실시하고 결과를 분석하였다. 하천에서의 흐름, 유사, 오염물 해석을 위한 2차원 유한요소모형은 수자원의 지속적 확보기술의 초석이 될 뿐만 아니라, 필요에 따라서는 하천생태계 보존 및 관리를 위해서도 적용될 수 있어, 수생태계 개선과 친수환경 조성에 크게 기여할 수 있겠다. 또한 하천에서의 흐름, 유사, 오염물 해석을 위한 2차원 유한요소모형을 활용하여 적절한 하천개발 및 관리가 이루어질 경우, 하천의 홍수, 갈수, 환경오염에 따른 사회적인 손실을 방지할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.397-406
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• 1998

The Pyokkolche Reservoir was constructed as a major public project of the ancient agricultural society, 1600 years ago. From a hydraulic point of view, it is considered to have been carried out with a distinguished technology. It should be in particular noticed that for a consecutive banking the main stream was diverted and drained to the Yonpo stream and the dam with same sea levels on its top along the whole length was built in a nearly straight line in spite of the different sea levels between both ends on the bottom. These suggest that the carrying out artifice and surveying technigue of those days were considerably excellent. However, the insufficient plan and design at the time of the construction, the temporary management and the repeated repair works in the later ages caused the Pyokkolche to lose its function. The Changsaenggeo and Kyungjanggeo gate sites being the facilities for sluices composed of a simple span and a vertical lift hand-operated sing a pully. The advantage of the geographical characteristics at both ends of the main dam was scientifically taken to these sites which also functioned as a spillway against a flood. The gate site of Suyogeo must have been located in an entrance to Suwolri, the northern end of the Pyokkolche and Yutonggeo is presumed to have been located on the right of Sangsori, the southern end of the Pyokklche. Keywords : Pyokkolche Reservoir, construction technology, gate site location.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.41-52
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• 2015

MOLIT (Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) authorized Indoor Spatial Information as Basic spatial information in 2013. It became a legal evidence for constructing and managing Indoor Spatial Information. Although it has a little advantage to utilize as service level that Indoor Spatial Information by laser scan or measurement, it has a lot of problems such as consuming many resources, requiring additional progresses for inputting Object Information. In conclusion, it is inefficient to utilize for the maintenance and domestic AEC/FM field. The purposes of this study is to output Indoor Spatial Information by operating IFC model which based on open BIM and to improve availability of Indoor Spatial Information with data visualization. The open-sources of IFC Exporter, a inner program of Revit (Autodesk Inc), is used to output Indoor Spatial Information. Directs 3D Library is also operated to visualize Indoor Spatial Information. It is possible to inter-operate between XML format and the objects of Indoor Spatial Information. It can be utilized in various field as well. For example COBie linkage in facility management, construction of geo-database using air-photogrammetry of UAV (Unmaned Areal Vehicle), the simulation of large-scale military operations and the simulation of large-scale evacuation. The method that is purposed in this study has outstanding advantages such as conformance with national spatial information policy, high level of interoperability as indoor spatial information objects based on IFC, convenience of editing information, light level of data and simplifying progress of producing information.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.541-547
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• 2017

Climate change has become the main cause of the exacerbation in natural disasters. Social Overhead Capital(SOC) structure needs to be checked for displacement and crack periodically to prevent damage and the collapse caused by natural disaster and ensure the safety. For efficient structure maintenance, the optical image technology is applied to the Structure Health Monitoring(SHM). However, optical image is sensitive to environmental factors. So it is necessary to verify its validity. In this paper, the accuracy of estimating the vertical displacement was verified with respect to environmental condition such as natural light, measurement distance, and the number of image sheets. The result of experiments showed that the effect of natural light on accuracy of estimating vertical displacement was the greatest of all. The measurement angle which was affected by the change in measurement distance was also important to check the vertical displacement. These findings will be taken into account by applying appropriate environmental condition to minimize errors when the bridge was measured by camera. It will also enable the application of optical images to the SHM.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.102-116
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• 2021

For the safe operation of autonomous vehicles, the representative technology of the 4^th industrial revolution era, a combination of various technologies such as sensor technology, software technology and car technology is required. An autonomous vehicle is a vehicle that recognizes current location and situation by using the various sensors, and makes its own decisions without depending on the driver. Perfect recognition technology is required for fully autonomous driving. Since the precise road maps provide various road information including lanes, stop lines, traffic lights and crosswalks, it is possible to minimize the cognitive errors that occur in autonomous vehicles by using the precise road maps with location information of the road facilities. In this study, the definition, necessity and technical trends of the precise road map have been analyzed, and the HD(High Definition) map prototype based on the web GIS has been built in the autonomous driving-specialized areas of Daegu Metropolitan City(Suseong Medical District, about 24km), the Happy City of Sejong Special Self-Governing City(about 33km), and the FMTC(Future Mobility Technical Center) PG(Proving Ground) of Seoul National University Siheung Campus using the MMS(Mobile Mapping System) surveying results given by the National Geographic Information Institute. In future research, the built-in precise road map service will be installed in the autonomous vehicles and control systems to verify the real-time locations and its location correction algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2020

As the 4th Industrial Revolution era in worldwide, interest in autonomous vehicles is increasing. but due to recent safety issues such as pedestrian accidents and car accidents, as a technical model for this, the demand for 3D HD maps (High Definition maps) is increasing in including lanes, road markings, road information, traffic lights and traffic signs etc. However, since some complementary points have been continuously raised according to demand, It is necessary to collect the opinions of institutions and companies utilizing HD maps and to improve HD maps. This study was conducted by utilizing the results of the contest for usability verification of HD Maps hosted by the National Geographic Information Institute and organized by the Spatial Information Industry Promotion Institute. For this study, we researched HD maps' layers and codes for HD maps object usability to improve HD maps, constructed HD maps object usability items accordingly, and contested usability verification of HD maps according to the items The contestants conducted verification and analyzed the results. As a result, the most frequently used code for each layer was the flat intersection, and the code showing the highest usage rate was a safety sign. In addition, the use rate of the sub-section and height obstacles was 16.67% and 8.88%, respectively, showing a low ratio. In order to utilize HD maps in the future, this study is expected to require research to continuously collect opinions from customers and improve data objects and data models that are actually needed by customers.