• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2022

Reversible data hiding techniques have been developed to hide confidential data in the image by shifting the histogram of the image. These techniques have a weakness in which the security of hidden confidential data is weak. In this paper, to solve this drawback, we propose a technique of triple encrypting confidential data using pixel value information and hiding it in the cover image. When confidential data is triple encrypted using the proposed technique and hidden in the cover image to generate a stego-image, since encryption based on pixel information is performed three times, the security of confidential data hidden by triple encryption is greatly improved. In the experiment to measure the performance of the proposed technique, even if the triple-encrypted confidential data was extracted from the stego-image, the original confidential data could not be extracted without the encryption keys. And since the image quality of the stego-image is 48.39dB or higher, it was not possible to recognize whether confidential data was hidden in the stego-image, and more than 30,487 bits of confidential data were hidden in the stego-image. The proposed technique can extract the original confidential data from the triple-encrypted confidential data hidden in the stego-image without loss, and can restore the original cover image from the stego-image without distortion. Therefore, the proposed technique can be effectively used in applications such as military, medical, digital library, where security is important and it is necessary to completely restore the original cover image.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

Steganography conceals the fact that hidden message is being sent on the internet. Steganalysis can be detected the abrupt changes in the statistics of a stego-data. After message embedding, I have analyzed for the statistical significance of the fact the occurrence of differences among the four-neighboring pixels. In this case, when a embedding messages within a images is small, use EC value and chi-square test to determine whether a distribution in an images matches a distribution that shows distortion from stego-data.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.180-186
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• 2013

The primary goal of attack on steganographic images, termed steganalysis, is to detect the presence of hidden data by finding statistical abnormality of a stego-media caused by data embedding. This paper proposes a novel steganographic scheme based on improving the (7, 4) Hamming code for digital images. The proposed scheme embeds a segment of six secret bits into a group of nine cover pixels at a time. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves a 0.67bpp embedding payload and a slightly higher visual quality of stego images compared with the previous arts.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.863-867
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• 2021

In this paper, in order to hide the watermark in the LSB of the color image, a color image watermarking technique with high security is proposed by using the adjacent pixels of the image and the spatial encryption technique. According to the technique proposed in this paper, the quality of the stego-image generated by hiding the watermark in the LSB of the color image is so excellent that the difference from the original image cannot be recognized, and the original watermark can be extracted from the stego-image without loss. If the watermark is hidden in the image using the proposed technique, the security of the watermark is maintained very high because the watermark hidden in the stego-image is multi-encrypted. The proposed watermarking technique can be used in applications such as military and intellectual property protection that require high security.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2012

The many DE based data hiding schemes and the many data hiding schemes based on Histogram shifting are researched in spatial domain. The data hiding scheme based on Histogram shifting have an advantage of low distortion of the stego image. But the capacity is low than other schemes. On the other hands, the DE based data hiding schemes have an advantage of high capacity. But the quality of the stego image is low. In this paper, new data hiding scheme which has the similar capacity but the increased quality of the stego image is proposed. The prediction error is divided into blocks to embed the secret data in this scheme. The prediction errors in the block are scanned before the secret data is embedded. If one prediction error is low than the threshold at least, the block is changed to embed the secret data. Otherwise the secret data is not embedded. The distortion of the stego image is minimized by this method. But the block that the secret data embedded is marked in location map. So the additional information to extract the secret data and recover the cover image is needed.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2019

In this paper, we have effectively used the surface characteristics and local similarity existing in image, solved the problem that there is no CZP(Closest Zero point) that occurs in a very few images to hide secrete data into cover image by using histogram shift. By applying the proposed technique, it is possible to hide secrete data invisibly into the cover image, extract secrete data from the stego-image with no data loss, and completely restore the original cover image. It is impossible to know whether the secrete data is hidden in the stego-image because the stego-image constructed by applying the proposed technique has a good visual quality that can not distinguish the difference from the cover image. The proposed method is able to hide secrete data at various levels compared to conventional APD(Adjacent Pixel Difference) technique, and hide secrete data up to 25.1% more than APD in cover image.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.617-625
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• 2017

In this paper, an effective reversible data embedding algorithm was proposed to embed secrete data into image. In the proposed algorithm, prediction image is generated by accurately predicting pixel values using local similarity existing in image, difference sequence is generated using the generated prediction image and original cover image, and then histogram shift technique is applied to create a stego-image with secrete data hidden. Applying the proposed algorithm, secrete data can be extracted from the stego-image and the original cover image can be restored without loss. Experimental results show that it is possible to embed more secrete data into cover image than APD algorithm by applying the proposed algorithm.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.244-249
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• 2017

Steganalysis is to detect information hidden by steganography inside general data such as images. There are stegoanalysis techniques that use machine learning (ML). Existing ML approaches to steganalysis are based on extracting features from stego images and modeling them. Recently deep learning-based methodologies have shown significant improvements in detection accuracy. However, all the existing methods, including deep learning-based ones, have a critical limitation in that they can only detect stego images that are created by a specific steganography method. In this paper, we propose a generalized steganalysis method that can model multiple types of stego images using deep learning. Through various experiments, we confirm the effectiveness of our approach and envision directions for future research. In particular, we show that our method can detect each type of steganography with the same level of accuracy as that of a steganalysis method dedicated to that type of steganography, thereby demonstrating the general applicability of our approach to multiple types of stego images.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.485-488
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• 2020

In this paper, a technique for securely concealing the watermark, which is intellectual property information, in the image pixel LSB using spatial encryption is proposed. The proposed watermarking technique can be effectively used to protect intellectual property of images. The proposed technique can be used to extract watermark without loss from the stego-image, which is a hidden image of spatially encrypted watermark. The experimental results confirmed the superiority of the proposed technique. As a result of performing watermarking using the proposed technique, the image quality of the stego-image is higher than 51 dB, so humans cannot visually recognize the presence of a watermark. Due to the watermark is spatially encrypted, the security of the watermark is excellent.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2024

In this paper, we propose a highly secure technique to hide confidential data in image pixels using a quadruple encryption techniques. In the proposed technique, the boundary surface where the image outline exists and the flat surface with little change in pixel values are investigated. At the boundary of the image, in order to preserve the characteristics of the boundary, one bit of confidential data that has been multiply encrypted is spatially encrypted again in the LSB of the pixel located at the boundary to hide the confidential data. At the boundary of an image, in order to preserve the characteristics of the boundary, one bit of confidential data that is multiplely encrypted is hidden in the LSB of the pixel located at the boundary by spatially encrypting it. In pixels that are not on the border of the image but on a flat surface with little change in pixel value, 2-bit confidential data that is multiply encrypted is hidden in the lower 2 bits of the pixel using location-based encryption and spatial encryption techniques. When applying the proposed technique to hide confidential data, the image quality of the stego-image is up to 49.64dB, and the amount of confidential data hidden increases by up to 92.2% compared to the existing LSB method. Without an encryption key, the encrypted confidential data hidden in the stego-image cannot be extracted, and even if extracted, it cannot be decrypted, so the security of the confidential data hidden in the stego-image is maintained very strongly. The proposed technique can be effectively used to hide copyright information in general commercial images such as webtoons that do not require the use of reversible data hiding techniques.