• 발명특허
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• v.10 no.9 s.115
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• pp.75-76
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• 1985

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.53-64
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• 2004

The study was done to provide domestic fashion multi-shops with basic information about the product and price strategies through an investigation the marketing strategies for domestic multi-shop dealt with imported product only. Data were collected from Interview with a buyer or a staff of marketing department of Domestic Fashion Multi-shop dealt with Imported Product only. Through the study, it was clarified that these multi-shops showed a tendency to compose of promising brands. brands set a high value on unique character or technique, and brands of promising designer noticed at the main collection. And they also extended their lines as a total life style shop dealt with accessory. shoes and home collection as well as clothing. Therefore, they had to analyze their target consumer's life style and applied this to organization of product, brands or sizing. To maintain the balance of multi-shop they bought products keeping the balance between all the brands and didn't lose variety of concept, it was demanded to develop new brands as well. Their distribution channels had to be planned by regional characteristic that could be accepted their target consumers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1238-1245
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study was to identify the current awareness and preference on the promotions of products in Korean professional baseball teams. For this study, the subjects were randomly selected where they have experienced purchasing any products in the Korean professional baseball stadium. Totally, 520 subjects were asked to answer the questionnaire relevant to the current awareness and preference of promotion of products. There were 11 questions for the current awareness and 14 questions for the preference on the promotion of products. The data gathered was determined within a frequency analysis, an independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA tests. The results were discussed when the p-value were lest than .05. There were a couple of results found throughout this study. Firstly, there were no significant differences of the current awareness between gender. Secondly, there were significant differences of the preference on the promotion between age(p<.05). Especially, there were significant differences on the value of products and price between 20's, 30's and 40's groups. Thirdly, there were significant differences of the preference on the promotion between level of earing per year statistically(p<.05). In addition, there were significant differences on the price of products between 2000-2500 million won, 2500-3000 million won and 4000 million won groups. Consequently, the product promotion by the Korean professional baseball teams has to be more variety and structured.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.55-75
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• 1992

At the outset of import liberalization, most economists expected a significant drop in the prices of domestic goods that faced foreign competition. However, it is now generally acknowledge that a significant drop in prices of those goods has not occurred. A common claim is that the prices did not drop significantly because the major importers of many imported goods were also the domestic producers of competing goods. The objective of this paper is to analyze the welfare effect of importation by domestic firms that produce competing goods, to identify the factors that facilitate such business practices, and to formulate a policy that could improve the welfare. We proved that importation by competing domestic firms definitely raises the prices of both imported and domestic goods compared to the situation where foreign goods are imported by non-producers, ceteris paribus. The intuition behind this result is that since a producer-importer is essentially a cartel, its overall profit maximization requires reduced competition between the products that it sells. On the other hand, if a producer-importer is more efficient at distrinbution than a simple importer, the comparison between the two cases is a priori indeterminate. We also find that the industries in which domestic producers are actively involved in importing competing goods are the ones in which the distribution channels are tightly controlled by importer-producers. This finding suggests that exclusive dealing contracts, which work as an entry barrier, may be the source of importing by domestic producers. We argue that in a country such as Korea, where financial market is highly incomplete, tight control of the distribution channels by oligopolistic manufacturers is likely to be an effective entry barrier that leads to importing by domestic producers of similar goods. We further argue that seemingly superior distribution costs of importer-producers is likely to be a result of market foreclosure which would disappear once the entry barrier of exclusive dealing contracts is removed. Above findings suggest that market imperfections are the source of importation by domestic competitors, which in turn constitutes a market imperfection in itself and reduces consumer welfare. As potential remedies, we considered three alternatives; direct price control by the government over the imported goods sold by major domestic producers, regulation of trade itself between major producers, and regulation of exclusive dealing contracts. For reasons both theoretical and pratical, we find that the last alternative is the most attrative. Prohibiting exclusive contracts between manufacturers and dealers in industries where exclusive dealing contracts are a significant entry barrier is expected to break up the importer-producer cartel and improve the welfare.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.11 s.141
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• pp.40-43
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• 1990

미국의 항공우주산업은 전세계 시장에서 1989년에 약 16조원의 무역수지를 기록하였는데, 이는 1988년의 약 13조원보다 24%나 증가한 것이다. 이러한 반면에 미국 항공우주분야의 수입은 1989년에 약 7조2천억원으로 결정을 이루었는데, 이는 1988년의 약6조6천억원에서 겨우 10% 증가한 것이다. 군수용 항공우중 상품의 경우 1989년 수입은 1988년에 비해 거의 2배로 증가하였다

• 방재와보험
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• s.43
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• pp.88-89
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• 1989

현재 시중에 유통되고 있는 각종 상품에는 품질보증마크가 부착되어 있다. 이들 보증마크는 정부나 공신력을 갖춘 민간기관에서 시험검사를 한후에야 부착을 허락하기에 좋은 상품임을 믿고 고르는데 기준이 되고 있다. 많은 양의 외국산 물품이 수입되어 상점에서 쉽게 구입할 수 있게 된 요즘 국내외에서 이용되고 있는 각종 품질보증마크의 종류와 그 특성을 알아봄이 필요하겠다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.319-353
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• 2006

This paper shows how weather derivatives can be used to hedge against the price risk and volume risk of purchasing relatively large amounts of electricity. Our specific approach to designing new contracts for electricity is to focus on the return over a summer season rather than on the daily levels of demand and price. It is shown that correct market signals can be preserved in a contract and the associated financial risk can be offset by weather options. The advantage of combining a forward contract with a weather derivative is that the high prices on hot days or when the temperature is high reflect the underlying high cost of producing power when the load is high and that the combined contract with a weather derivative substantially reduces the volatility of the return.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.576-583
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• 1995

최근들어 우리나라의 대일무역적자폭이 확대되면서 이에 대한 대책마련이 시급한 과제로 대두 되고 있다. 1986년에 54억 달러의 적자를 나타낸 대일무역수지는 '87, '88년기간중에 적자폭이 개선되는 기미을 보이다가 '89년부터 다시 증가세로 반전하여 '94년에는 119억 달러의 기록적인 규모의 적자를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 대일무역역조는 우이 상품의 가격 ? 비가격경쟁력의 약 화에 따른 수출증가세의 둔화와 대일수입 유발형 산업구조에서 나타나는 지속적인 수입증가 때 문이며, 여기에 '90년대 이후 내수증가로 인해 새로운 수입수요가 창출되었기 때문으로 보인다. 이 글에서는 우리나라의 대일 무역역조의 현황과 구조분석을 통해 근본적인 해결책을 모색해 보고자 한다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.79-102
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• 2014

A parallel importation is a non-counterfeit product imported from another country without the permission of the intellectual property owner. It is caused by price differences between countries. Therefore parallel importation are implication in issues of international trade and intellectual property rights(hereafter referred as IPR). This paper provides parallel importation issues of Korea and China under the IPR laws such as patent, trademarks, copyright and analyzes difference between two countries. In China, patent law regulates exhaustion rights which is based theory of a parallel import for the first time unlike trademark law and copyright law. On the other hands, Korea rules parallel importing under Korean customs regulations. In conclusion, two countries have no provisions that advocate a parallel import under IPR laws. This paper suggests some improvements to overcome the limitation of current regulation system and avoid trade friction between two countries. First of all, two countries should clearly make a rule about parallel import in IPR law such as definition of parallel importation, genuine goods, permission conditions, importing proses, penalty and remedy etc. Secondly, two countries should prohibit an abuse of a exclusive import agent's rights and manage a parallel importer not to cause consumer's complain about goods to expansion parallel imports. Finally, two countries should cooperate not to cause disputes about this issue with a communication channel.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.14-19
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• 2000

현재 자본재산업의 기술낙후는 상품의 수출경쟁력 약화의 근원적인 원인이 되어 결국 지속적으로 선진국의 기술종속을 심화시키고 있다. 이러한 자본재 산업의 문제는 현재의 주력 수출상품의 핵심요소부품생산기술의 미비가 큰 원인이며(거의 주요핵심부품 도는 관련기술은 거의 대부분 수입에 의존하고 있음), 같은 논리로 차세대 신기술의 개발을 통한 첨단 상품의 개발도 이에 필요한 핵심요소부품의 생산기술이 뒤를 바쳐 주지 못한다면 결국 10년 후에도 현재와 같은 현상이 되풀이될 것은 분명하다.(중략)