• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 2008

This paper is written to results of excavated ChungJu ChangDong site located in ChungJu and the article Keumcheonchang in Joseonwangjosilrok. The structure rerics of compositing cornerstone-distance 420cm has been showing to Keumcheonchang of legend in region people. The solution to problems is that the enforcement of the river-shipping service linking Han River and NakDong River. King Taejong commanded the new tax-warehouse of 200 Kan to built at Keumcheon in ChungJu and named Keumcheonchang for the receipt of innner region and KyengSang Province. King Sejo established the foundation of the government owned tax-grain transportation systerm for the strong centralization by the sovereign right. This logistic system is gone the middle and the latter of Joseon Dynasty. Joseon Dynasty is absolutely dependent the national finance for government operation on the tax-grain from HaSamDo(ChungCheong JeonLa KyengSang) region. JoUn(tax-grain transportation by shipping) is the best logistic system in Korea surrounding sea. Joseon Dynasty has refomed the logistics base on GoRyeo's system that the Tax-grain transportation system by shipping. There is the tax-warehouses reducing from 13 numbers to 9 numbers and making up for the weak points in the matter of the Japanese Pirate and the ship wreck in transporting in the sea. The ship wreck in the sea specially make the matters of the reducing tax and political issues. We know that Keumcheonchang is operated ChuaSuCham(the government agency for taxgrain transportation by shipping at a warehouse) from King Taejong 11(1,411)year to King Sejo 11 (1,465)year. There is the result of enforcement the river-shipping service system for social stabilization and forward their new ideal in the first half Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose an efficient link protection switching scheme for provider backbone bridge systems with a spanning tree for backup links exclusively, and evaluate its performance. The proposed scheme offers guaranteed QoS flows even when a link fault occurrs in the primary link by flooding the flows over the profiled spanning tree. The flooding mechanism over the spanning tree can also provide low latency and remove the loopback flows. We also derive the efficiency of bandwidth usage for the normal flows and the number of lost frames during the link restoration. For evaluating its feasibility, we implement a prototype of PBB-TE systems based on the Linux bridge codes, which can support both link protection switching capability with CCM and MAC-in-MAC encapsulation. A related protocol analyzer is also developed. One can see that the proposed scheme and the prototype can be useful for developing carrier class Ethernet systems based on PBB-TE.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2497-2504
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the 'Standard Drawings for School Facilities' issued by Seoul Education Committee in 1975 because it is the early example for middle school architecture. The results of this study are summarized as follows 1) In general trend of single-corridor type block plan, there are also changes in floor plan like no-corridor type block plan, $9.9{\times}6.6m$ classroom unit for the better daylight condition, built-in storage for students. 2) As for elevation design, it is characterized as daylight-oriented, functional exterior for without making full use of design elements. 3) Standardized dimensions are used as a rule in the height of story, ceiling, window sill and etc. Transitional characteristics of the early RC school architecture are found in exposed ceiling, incomplete insulation structure and mixed use of wood framed floor of earlier type. 4) Contrast to main school building, gymnasium shows the intend to express the symbolism of school architecture with diverse elevation design elements and the plasticity of building mass. 5) Separated plan of toilet and night-duty building also show the transitional characteristics. As conclusion, though showing the stereotyped school architecture, on the other hand, 'Standard Drawings for School Facilities' (1975) makes it possible to see the way of coping with the demands for school architecture in that time and the transition of school architecture. This is the main value of it as the material for the studies related to the history of educational facilities.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.89-100
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• 2009

문제: 소화기병검사실에서 대장내시경 검사의 부도건수가 최근 월 200명 정도로 예약인원의 16%에 달한다. 이는 본원 외래진료 부도율이 평균 10%인 것과 비교할 때 상당히 높은 결과이므로 대장내시경 예약환자를 대상으로 부도율 관리를 위한 활동이 필요하였다. 목적: 외래 및 입원환자의 부도건수 및 부도환자의 특성을 분석하고, 개선활동을 통하여 대장내시경 검사의 부도율을 줄인다. 의료기관: 서울 아산병원. 질 향상 활동: 부도관리를 위한 개선활동으로 SMS 횟수를 2주전, 4일전, 1일전 3회로 변경하고, 내용도 각 시기마다 차별화하였다. 대장내시경 검사 예약을 하고 기다리는 환자를 대상으로 처방일 순, 예약 날짜순서 등 필요한 항목 순으로 볼 수 있는 리스트가 필요하여 예약대기 프로그램을 개발하였고, 처방일로부터 2주 이내 자동예약을 금지하였다.(7월 10일부터 시작) 예약대기명단에 있는 환자를 대상으로 전화로 예약 변경을 하여 2주 이내에는 예약의 빈자리가 없도록 하였다. 미리 부도를 예측하여 추가로 예약하던 방법에서 정원조정을 하여 정원 외 추가 예약을 하지 않았다. 입원환자 일정관리를 위하여 일정관리 프로그램을 개발하여 타과의뢰 회신을 하는 전임의가 직접 날짜를 전산에 입력하여 회신과 동시에 검사실, 담당주치의, 담당 간호사가 모두 일정을 확인할 수 있도록 하였으나 프로그램이 늦어져 9월 12일부터 시행하였다. 개선효과: 부도건수가 개선 전 8주 동안 385건(예약인원 대비 16%) 에서 개선 후 6주의 평가기간 동안 256건(예약인원대비 14.1%)으로 129건이 감소하였으며, 검사 1-2일전 일정 변경 연락 환자 감소 및 검사 비용 수납 환자의 부도건수가 감소하였다. 대장내시경 검사 예약대기 프로그램 운영 및 예약 변경 전화 활동으로 2달씩 기다리던 환자의 예약일을 약 한 달 정도 단축하여 줄 수 있었다. 검사 정원 관리의 결과로 검사 예약 시 예약기준이 명확해지고, 부적절한 예약으로 인한 검사지연 등이 확실히 줄었다. 또한 입원환자 일정관리 프로그램 적용으로 입원환자의 검사일정과 관련된 전화업무는 확실히 줄어들 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.63-82
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• 1987

This is the forth consecutive study on the 'Standardization of Measurement for Korean Kitchen Work Centers and Cabinets for Future Design Criteria'. The purpose of the present research was (1) to classify homemakers' representative like styles related to the kitchen, (2) to examine homemakers' present concerns on the kitchen space, and (3) to investigate homemakers' desire and preference on the kitchen space. Twenty two hundred homemakers of upper and middle class residing in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju and Daejeon were selected for the survey and 1,843 among them were used for data analysis. Data were selected for the survey and 1,843 among them were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using the SAS program package. The statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, factor analysis, F-test, Duncan's multiple range test, X2-test, cluster analysis. Findings from the research as follows: (1) Four factors were found as indicaters of the life style; values on the household work, desire on social function of the kitchen, degree on cooperation of family members on the household work, and convenient management. It was noticeable that homemakers had positive responses in terms of desire on social function of the kitchen and degree on cooperation of family members on the household work. Homemakers' life styles related to the kitchen space were classified into 6 categories. (2) Relatively a few respondents answered that the kitchens were very well furnished. If, however, the economic conditions become better, substantial number of them wanted to invest for better kitchen following the one for living room. (3) It was found that most respondents preferred the arrangement of space, where dining and kitchen in one space, and a hard wall or soft treatment was between living and dining/kitchen area. (4) Many respondents desired pantry, utility and laundry area be near the kitchen or in the same space with it, thereby forming a utility core in a housing space.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 2020

Recently, there has been an increasing demand for SAR satellite as it can be operated regardless of the weather condition. In general, main reflector of the SAR is formed of multiple deployable panels to increase performance in the constrained payload envelope. By nature, deployable structure lacks structural stiffness and it is vulnerable to external disturbances and excitation. In particular, SAR satellites may have high levels of vibration occurring at the antenna reflecting surface due to higher angular rate requirements. During image capturing it is important to keep high surface accuracy of the reflector for the quality of images. In this research, a performance degradation of deployable SAR antenna due to structural deformation is analyzed. Panels for main reflectors are assumed to be flexible structures and multi-body simulation environment is established. Then, deflection of the panel is calculated while the satellite performs maneuvers. In addition, antenna gain and beam pointing error are analyzed to determine how these deflections affect antenna performance and mission.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 1987

Composition of free amino acids (FAA) in the central part (xylem plus piths,of tap root in P. ginseng was investigated in velation to stem status at harvest. The sum of FAA tended to be higher with dead stem than with healthy one but both were not significantly different. The sum of FAA (3.6-4.9% dried weight) was much less than total FAA, suggesting that water soluble nonprotein fraction contained large quantity of ninhydrih positive components except FAA. Pattern of amino acid composition between both stem status was not different. Ten of all 17 amino acids showed increasing tendency with dead stem and two, glutamic acid and cysteine, decreasing. Major FAA were arginine (relative content 58%), glycine (8.2), lysine (5.9), serine (5.7), glutamic acid (4.2) and aspartic acid (3.5). Above facts strongly suggest that the inside white of red ginseng did not closely related with FAA and that early defoliation or stem death did not decrease FAA. The content of arginine was heighest in all cases reported indicating the important role of nitrogen metabolism. Pattern of PAA composition except arginine was not different in present samples but greatly different with other cases reported mainly due to alanine, phenylalanine, glycine and proline.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.12
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• pp.71-75
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• 1972

To investigate the effects of C. E. P. A(2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) on the ripening of tobacco leaf, the effects on the yield and quality of leaf tobacco, this experiments were carried out during the period of from 1970 to 1971 at tobacco experiment station, Sosa, Korea and 3 locations. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The higher the C. E. P. A concentration was, the more the leaf ripening was accelerated. During the period from 3 to 4 days after treatment, the differences of leaf ripening among levels were prominent. 2. Treatment with C. E. P. A only on the upper surface of the tobacco leaf, accelerated the ripening of that particular part treated, but not apparently the other parts of leaf. 3. Distinctive acceleration of leaf ripening was, obserbed in the fully develope1lower leans, however, the upper leaves were indistinctive. 4. The higher C. E. P. A concentration was, the more the effect of ripening acceleration was. But the yield was reduced over 900ppm because of the low of growth of leaves and the reduced yield was 90% at the 3, 000ppm. So the proper concentration was regarded as 900ppm. 5. In the view point of the days of C. E. P. A ripening acceleration, it was shortened one days at 100 ppm, three days at 300ppm, three days at 450ppm, four days at 900ppm, seven days at 3, 000ppm. 6. In the point of curing process, it was possible that the curing time and fuel was reduced 29% and 45% respectively in the C. E. P. A treatment than the check. 7. Therefore, if it is treated the C. E. P. A at 900ppm in the tobacco cultivation, the quality shall be increased 13.5% and the price shall be increased 12% in the 10 Are. In the point of subsidiary affect, it is possible that the C. E. P. A ripening acceleration is shortened about 7 days at 3, 00ppm and curing time is shortened about 24 hours.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2017

This study examined the soundness, vibration, and size of ambulances currently used in Korea as well as the comfort and convenience of ambulancesin Korea. The target vehicles were measured and investigated using the currently used freight type, van type, and Benz ambulance. Currently, the ambulance standards in Korea have only formal production standards, and there is no regulation on safety for ambulances, space regulation for first aid, comfort, and convenience. Therefore, comparative experiments on the comfort and convenience were measured using noise and vibration measurement experiments, and research was conducted on the size and interior rearrangement of ambulances to investigate the areas that can improve the comfort and convenience. The noise measurementsshowed that the noise was large in the order of the van type, Benz type, and freight type. In the case of a speed of 40 km/h or more, the noise measurement result was 60 to 70 dB or more. In the case of vibration, the Benz type and van type ambulance were good, and the vibration of the freight type showed the worst result, highlighting the need for improvement. Lastly, it is not possible to increase the internal size of the structure of domestic ambulance. On the other hand, it is important that through ambulance relocation and the position of first aid personnel, it will be possible to use it more comfortably and conveniently.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.464-476
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the exposure levels of tollbooth workers to diesel particulate matter using black carbon (BC) and to find the correlations among variables associated with BC using the motor vehicle management act regulated by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Methods: This study was performed over 14 days at a university in Seoul. BC levels were monitored using an aethalometer and were conducted around the breathing zones of the workers. There were three sampling locations: inside the tollbooth (front gate and rear gate) and an office as a control group. T-test, correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS. Results: The geometric mean (GM) of BC_30min concentrations in the exposure group was 2.44 ㎍/㎥, approximately 1.4 times higher than the control group (1.75 ㎍/㎥). The GM of BC_30min concentrations was 2.75 ㎍/㎥ during the heavy traffic time (9-10 am) and 2.30 ㎍/㎥ during non-heavy traffic times (p<0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis shows that the number of all types of vehicles and PM_2.5 concentrations in the atmosphere were factors increasing the GM of BC(ln(BC_30min)) concentrations (adjusted R²=0.42, p<0.001). The workers were constantly exposed to low concentrations (GM of BC_30min=2.44 ㎍/㎥), but they were exposed to peak concentrations instantly (BC_10sec=3545.04 ㎍/㎥). When the GM of BC_30min concentrations was momentarily represented as high, it was identified that a vehicle mainly using diesel fuel or an aging vehicle had passed. Conclusions: A ventilation system should be installed in the closed tollbooth or aging vehicles should be controlled so as not to pass tollbooths.