• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.79-86
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• 2008

In the manufacturing industries using HDI(hexamethylene diisocyanate) product hardeners, exposure to HDI is common to spray painters in terms of inhalation and dermal or ocular contact. Due to a lack of information for spray painters in automobile and furniture industries, a questionnaire survey was conducted for the prevalence of adverse health symptoms(33 spray painters and an unexposed group n = 91) to assess the importance of personal controls. Despite the small sample size, common health symptoms were reported, such as skin symptoms(dry cracked skin-61% and dermatitis/skin irritation-33%) and respiratory symptoms(phlegm-49%, asthma-21%). In addition, other adverse health symptoms were reported, such as skin rash(12%), cough(39%), shortness of breath with wheezing(30%), chest tightness and difficulty in breathing(30%). No significant eye symptoms were reported. It was founded that the adverse health symptoms reported in this study were related to poor personal work practices and inappropriate PPE use. Therefore, appropriate personal controls like PPE use, work practices, regular training and education are suggested to minimize the risk of health symptoms. In addition, medical examination will also be suggested for individual health effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.464-474
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• 2003

Ultrasonic imaging of 3-D structures for nondestructive evaluation must provide readily recognizable images with enough details to clearly show various flaws that may or may not be present. Typical flaws that need to be detected are miniature cracks, for instance, in metal pipes having aged over years of operation in nuclear power plants; and these sub-millimeter cracks or flaws must be depicted in the final 3-D image for a meaningful evaluation. As a step towards improving conspicuity and thus detection of flaws, we propose a pulse-echo ultrasonic imaging technique to generate various 3-D views of the 3-D object under evaluation through strategic scanning and processing of the pulse-echo data. We employ a 2-D Wiener filter that filters the pulse-echo data along the plane orthogonal to the beam propagation so that ultrasonic beams can be sharpened. This three-dimensional processing and display coupled with 3-D manipulation capabilities by which users are able to pan and rotate the 3-D structure improve conspicuity of flaws. Providing such manipulation operations allow a clear depiction of the size and the location of various flaws in 3-D.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1342-1346
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Pepino extract on alcohol metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats. When the rats were given Pepino extract 30 min before 60% alcohol (4 g/kg B.W) administration, alcohol concentration in blood was significantly reduced, but acetaldehyde concentration was not significantly different, compared with the control group after 3 hrs of alcohol administration. When the rats were given Pepino extract ($1^{\circ},\;5^{\circ},\;10^{\circ},\;&\;15^{\circ}$ Brix) 30 min before 60% alcohol administration, alcohol concentration in blood with $1^{\circ}$ Brix Pepino extract was 44% after 3 hrs of alcohol administration, compared with the control group. When the rats were given with $1^{\circ}$ Brix Pepino extract at 30 min before 60% alcohol administration, alcohol concentration in blood was significantly reduced after one hour and acetaldehyde concentration was reduced by 19% after 5 hrs of alcohol administration, compared with the control group. Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase activities were not significantly different in all experimental groups, compared with the control group. These results suggest that Pepino extract can be effective in alcohol metabolism in the alcohol-treated rats.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.441-448
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• 2010

In the aging society, the walking assist robot is a necessary device for being able to help the older and the lower limb disabled people to walk. In order to produce a convenient robot for the older and the lower limb disabled, it is needed for the research to detect the implicit walking intention and to control robot by a user's intention. This study is a previous study to develop the detection model of the walking intention and analyze the user's walking intention while a person is walking with Lofstrand crutches, by the combination of FSR and tilt signals. The FSR sensors attached user's the palm and the soles of foot are sensing force/pressure signals from these areas and are used for detecting the walking intention and states. The tilt sensor acquires roll and pitch signal from area of vertebrae lumbales and reflects the pose of the upper limb. We can recognize the user's walking intention such as 'start walking', 'start of right or left foot forward', and 'stop walking' by the combination of FSR and tilt signals can recognize.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.546-554
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• 2020

Natural food additives have recently attracted attention as alternatives to synthetic additives. However, little information is available regarding their potential toxicity. In this study, we evaluated ten different natural food additives that are widely used in commercial foods in South Korea based on their actual usage level and daily intake. The results showed that none of the tested natural additives exhibited cytotoxicity in terms of inhibition of cell proliferation/viability and lactate dehydrogenase leakage. Additionally, the tested natural food additives did not generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas they significantly decreased intracellular ROS levels produced by hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, none of the tested natural additives affected cell proliferation and viability in 2D and 3D intestinal epithelium models. Taken together, the ten natural food additives did not exhibit cytotoxicity in their actual usage levels. These findings can be used to further assess the toxicity of natural food additives.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.173-186
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• 2004

This paper proposed the content-based retrieval system as a method for performing image retrieval through the effective feature extraction of the object of significant meaning based on the characteristics of man's visual system. To allow the object region of interest to be primarily detected, the region, being comparatively large size, greatly different from the background color and located in the middle of the image, was judged as the major object with a meaning. To get the original features of the image, the cumulative sum of tile declination difference vector the segment of the object contour had and the signature of the bipartite object were extracted and used in the form of being applied to the rotation of the object and the change of the size after partition of the total length of the object contour of the image into the normalized segment. Starting with this form feature, it was possible to make a retrieval robust to any change in translation, rotation and scaling by combining information on the texture sample, color and eccentricity and measuring the degree of similarity. It responded less sensitively to the phenomenon of distortion of the object feature due to the partial change or damage of the region. Also, the method of imposing a different weight of similarity on the image feature based on the relationship of complexity between measured objects using the fractal dimension by the Boxing-Counting Dimension minimized the wrong retrieval and showed more efficient retrieval rate.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.40-46
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• 2010

In this study, the integrated control and safety management system for a super-large LNG membrane storage tank has been presented based on the investigation and analysis of measuring equipments and safety analysis system for a conventional LNG membrane storage tank. The integrated control and safety management system, which may increase a safety and efficiency of a super-large LNG membrane storage tank, added additional pressure gauges and new displacement/force sensors at the steel anchor between an inner tank and a prestressed concrete structure. The displacement and force sensors may provide clues of a membrane panel failure and a LNG leakage from the inner tank. The conventional leak sensor may not provide proper information on the membrane panel fracture even though LNG is leaked until the leak detector, which is placed at the insulation area behind an inner tank, send a warning signal. Thus, the new integrated control and safety management system is to collect and analyze the temperature, pressure, displacement, force and LNG density, which are related to the tank system safety and leakage control from the inner tank. The digital data are also measured from measurement systems such as displacement and force of a membrane panel safety, LNG level and density, cool-down process, leakage, and pressure controls.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

While they are becoming more viable, synthetic natural gas (SNG) plants, with their high temperatures and pressures, are still heavily dependent on advancements in the state-of-the-art technologies. However, most of the current work in the literature is focused on optimizing chemical processes and process variables, with little work being done on relevant mechanical damage and maintenance engineering. In this study, a combination of pipe system stress analysis and detailed local stress analysis was implemented to prioritize the inspection locations for main pipes of SNG plant in accordance to ASME B31.3. A pipe system stress analysis was conducted for pre-selecting critical locations by considering design condition and actual operating conditions such as heat-up and cool-down. Identified critical locations were further analyzed using a finite element method to locate specific high-stress points. Resultant stress values met ASME B31.3 code standards for the gasification reactor and lower transition piece (bend Y in Fig.1); however, it is recommended that the vertical displacement of bend Y be restricted more. The results presented here provide valuable information for future risk based maintenance inspection and further safe operation considerations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.265-275
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to examine fluid excretions and changes in deceased bodies depending on type, location of, and causes of death for hygienic management of funeral homes. Based on the 858 cadavers studied, the average age at the time of death is 68.6 years, 83.0% had illness as the cause of death, and 79.5% passed away in a medical facility. Fluid excretion was observed in 46.2% of the cadavers. In manner of death, 78.8% of deaths -highest percentage- was due to an accident and 10.8% of deaths - lowest percentage- was due to age. Fluid excretion was observed in 46.3% of cadavers from medical facilities, 38.6% of cadavers from homes and 77.4% of cadavers from miscellaneous locations. There were various number of cadavers with recorded immediate, secondary and underlying cause of death; however, the fluid excretion rate was similar. In analyzing the immediate, secondary and underlying cause of death, respiratory and heart disease were the most common causes of death in categories of body organ and system. In terms of fluid excretion, liver disease followed by digestive and circulatory diseases were most common in immediate cause of death. Accidents and miscellaneous circumstances were most common amongst secondary and underlying causes of death for cadavers with fluid excretion. Based on the recorded illnesses of the cadavers, cardiopulmonary failure was most common as evident in 96 cadavers followed by pneumonia and sepsis. Cholangiocarcinoma (73.3%) had the highest rate of fluid excretion followed by pancreatic cancer, severe brain injury and liver cancer amongst categories of illnesses with more than 15 cadavers.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2020

Considering the difficulties associated with the creation of deterioration maps for stone cultural heritages, quantitative determination of chemical and biological contaminants in them is still challenging. Hyperspectral image analysis has been proposed to overcome this drawback. In this study, hyperspectral imaging was performed on Stone Buddhas Temple in Four Directions at Gulbulsa Temple Site(Treasure 121), and several surface contaminants were observed. Based on the color and shape, these chemical and biological contaminants were classified into ten categories. Additionally, a method for establishing each class as a reference image was suggested. Simultaneously, with the help of Spectral Angle Mapper algorithm, two classification methods were used to classify the surface contaminants. Method A focused on the region of interest, while method B involved the application of the spectral library prepared from the image. Comparison of the classified images with the reference image revealed that the accuracies and kappa coefficients of methods A and B were 52.07% and 63.61%, and 0.43 and 0.55, respectively. Additionally, misclassified pixels were distributed in the same contamination series.