• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.86-96
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between central city and suburban areas. In particular, we examine the relationship of construction activities in suburban areas with construction activities in central city. That is because if the construction activities in central city are correlated with those in suburban areas, the economic trends in those two parts would become interdependent. The construction permit data in 114 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) for the past 11 years are used as a central explanatory variable of influencing the relationship, as construction permits issued would reflect population growth, economic growth and housing price in certain area. The main findings of our analysis are as follows. First, MSAs classified as showing high population growth has higher correlation between central city and suburban area than MSAs showing low population growth rate except for only office construction. However, there is little difference in correlation characteristic by the size of MSA Second, most of the MSAs show little causality between the central city and suburban area in lagged situation. Therefore, it is hard to say that the past trend of construction activity in central city reflects in direct the future trend of construction activities in suburban area.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.600-607
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• 1994

Optimum exper~mental conditions were established for the growth of heteroepitaxial GaAs layers on InP using liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) technique. Results showed that the optimum growth temperature was $720^{\circ}C$ at a cooling rate of $0.5^{\circ}C$/min. Surface morphology of the grown layers significantly improved by addition of about 0.005wt% Se to the Ga growth melt, which effectively suppressed melt-back of InP substrates into the melt during the initial stage of growth. It was observed that the quality of GaAs layers also improved substantially when the substrates patterned with grating structure were used, as determined by the (400) double crystal X-ray diffraction. The transmission electron microscopy observation indicated t.hat the misfit dislocations interact with each other at the grating region, resulting in a lower dislocation density in the upper GaAs layer.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.476-480
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• 1999

PbSe thin films were grown using PLD method on the p-Si(100) substrate. To determine what crystalline structure of PbSe thin films have according to the growth temperature, the films were prepared under a substrate temperature changing between a room temperature and $400^{\circ}C$. As a result of analyzing XRD patterns of PbSe thin films prepared at various substrate temperatures and FWHM of PbSe(200) rocking curve, it was found that PbSe thin film obtained at the growth temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ was best crystallized. In addition, the surface morphology of PbSe thin film observed using AFM found itself having the most regularly arranged particles in case of growing the film at $200^{\circ}C$. The measurement of Hall effect indicated that PbSe thin films were n-type semiconductors and that current-voltage characteristic curve exhibit the typical p-n junction phenomenon. In addition, electric conductivity of PbSe thin films was found somewhat higher than that of general semiconductors.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2009

This study investigated the characteristics of spatial expansion/centralization and the spatial structural change of urban. The data used in analysis were urban population, employment, building floor area, and land price. The analysis was performed for the data of 1995, 2000, and 2005 during 10 years after 1995. The method of research was as follows; The movement of mean center and standard distance/standard deviation ellipse was estimated to investigate the urban growth change. The result of Moran's I analysis showed a clustered pattern, not a dispersed pattern, however; the effect was not significant. The town area requires the well-ordered urban planning such as land use. The contours map demonstrates that a monopole structure was generally transformed into a multicentralization structure. The development of mutural connection axis among central street roads was fragile.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.57-68
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• 2011

This study approaches how newly emerged game companies has implemented strategies for product diversification according to market growth cycle(beginninggrowing-mature) by empirical case study through evolutionary theory and resource based theory approach. At the beginning, online game companies had grown with different strategies(technology based, service based) by initial condition(genre, technological level, user attribute). After market growth, for product diversification, these companies carried out path-dependent alliance strategy(complementary, competitive) depending on resource base(technology capacity, service capacity based). As online game market getting mature, these companies has adapted flexibly in responding to market growth cycle by integrated strategy(naturally selected to mobilize every possible resource capability). By analyzing the alliance strategies pattern of online game companies in newly emerged game industry according to market growth cycle through combination of resource based theory and evolutionary theory, these results suggest that new industrial, theoretical, policy model is required.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.83-90
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• 2019

In this paper, Mg-doped AlN epilayers for power semiconductor devices are grown by mixed-source hydride vapor phase epitaxy. Magnesium is used as p-type dopant material in the grown AlN epilayer. The AlN epilayers on the GaN-templated sapphire substrate and GaN-templated-patterned sapphire substrate (PSS), respectively, as the base substrates for device application, were selectively grown. The surface and the crystal structures of the AlN epilayers were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution-X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD). From the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectra results, the p-type AlN epilayers grown by using the mixed-source HVPE method could be applied to power devices.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.342-347
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• 2008

Mortality and growth rate of the soft coral, Dendronephthya gigantea, from Jejudo Island on the southern coast of Korea were investigated from February 2003 to October 2004 using SCUBA diving. 48 individuals with variable sizes of D. gigantea of the depth of 15m were tagged with flagging tapes and plastic films, and then monitored with two month intervals. The average mortality of two-month term for the study period was 50.4%, with the peak of 84.6% during the summer storms in August - October 2003. About the size class mortality, individuals of size class I(${\leq}$10 cm) showed the highest mortality, followed by size class III(>20 cm) and size class II(10 cm-20 cm). Growth rate did not show a seasonal pattern. For growth in length, individuals of D. gigantea grew about 3cm in average for two-month period, with a maximum growth of 6.4 cm which occurred in August - October 2003. For growth in diameter, individuals grew about 0.3 cm for 2 month term, with a maximum of 1.4cm in April - June 2004. Individuals of size class I usually grew faster than those of larger size classes. D. gigantea population in Jejudo Island was strongly affected by summer storms, which was due to annual event of summer typhoon. Never the less, it appears that the local population can be maintained by fast growth of the juvenile stage and active recruitment to compensate the high mortality caused by the summer disturbance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.51-78
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• 2021

Followed by 'start-up', the theme of 'scale-up' has been considered as an important agenda in both corporate and policy spheres. In particular, although it is a term commonly used in industry and policy fields, even a conceptual definition has not been achieved from the academic perspective. "Corporate Growth" in the academic aspect and "Business Growth" in the practical management field have different understandings (Achtenhagen et al., 2010). Previous research on corporate growth has not departed from Penrose(1959)'s "Firm as a bundle of resources" and "the role of managers". Based on the theory and background of economics, existing research has mainly examined factors that contribute to firms' growth and their growth patterns. Comparatively, we lack knowledge on the firms' growth with a focus on 'annual revenue growth rate'. In the early stage of the firms, they tend to exhibit a high growth rate as it started with a lower level of annual revenue. However, when the firms reach annual revenue of more than 100 billion KRW, a threshold to be classified as a 'middle-standing enterprise' by Korean standards, they are unlikely to reach a high level of revenue growth rate. In our study, we used our sample of 333 companies (6.7% out of 5,000 'fastest-growing' companies) which reached 15% of the compound annual growth rate in the last three years with more than USD 100 million. It shows that sustaining 'high-growth' above a certain firm size is difficult. The study focuses on firms with annual revenue of more than $100 billion (approximately 120 billion KRW) from the 'Inc. 2020 fast-growing companies 5,000' list. The companies have been categorized into 1) Fast-growing companies (revenue CAGR 15%~40% between 2016 and 2019), 2) Hyper-growing companies (40%~99.9%), and 3) Super-growing (100% or more) with in-depth analysis of each group's characteristics. Also, the relationship between the revenue growth rate, individual company's strategy choice (market orientation, generic strategy, growth strategy, pioneer strategy), industry/market environment, and firm age is investigated with a quantitative approach. Through conducting the study, it aims to provide a reference to the 'Hyper-Growing Model' that combines the paths and factors of growth strategies. For policymakers, our study intends to provide a reference to which factors or environmental variables should be considered for 'optimal effective combinations' to promote firms' growth.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.169-206
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• 2009

This study stems from a question, "How should we understand the pattern of the Korean economy after the 1990s?" Among various analytic methods applicable, this study chooses a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) with long-run restrictions, identifies diverse impacts that gave rise to the current status of the Korean economy, and differentiates relative contributions of those impacts. To that end, SVAR is applied to four economic models; Blanchard and Quah (1989)'s 2-variable model, its 3-variable extensions, and the two other New Keynesian type linear models modified from Stock and Watson (2002). Especially, the latter two models are devised to reflect the recent transitions in the determination of foreign exchange rate (from a fixed rate regime to a flexible rate one) as well as the monetary policy rule (from aggregate targeting to inflation targeting). When organizing the assumed results in the form of impulse response and forecasting error variance decomposition, two common denominators are found as follows. First, changes in the rate of economic growth are mainly attributable to the impact on productivity, and such trend has grown strong since the 2000s, which indicates that Korea's economic growth since the 2000s has been closely associated with its potential growth rate. Second, the magnitude or consistency of impact responses tends to have subsided since the 2000s. Given Korea's high dependence on trade, it is possible that low interest rates, low inflation, steady growth, and the economic emergence of China as a world player have helped secure capital and demand for export and import, which therefore might reduced the impact of each sector on overall economic status. Despite the fact that a diverse mixture of models and impacts has been used for analysis, always two common findings are observed in the result. Therefore, it can be concluded that the decreased rate of economic growth of Korea since 2000 appears to be on the same track as the decrease in Korea's potential growth rate. The contents of this paper are constructed as follows: The second section observes the recent trend of the economic development of Korea and related Korean articles, which might help in clearly defining the scope and analytic methodology of this study. The third section provides an analysis model to be used in this study, which is Structural VAR as mentioned above. Variables used, estimation equations, and identification conditions of impacts are explained. The fourth section reports estimation results derived by the previously introduced model, and the fifth section concludes.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.275-281
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• 2016

In modern society, which boomed it became easier to obtain the necessary information to the emergence of a variety of smart devices. Due to this, the frequency of using the content based on the Web is growing rapidly. In addition, companies are turning into a production and modify the content using the CMS under the web-based. It can be a very important part to provide users with the content. Currently web services are designing a UI to the device and provided. To improve the ease of use, they are enhancing services only by survey and analysis of the patterns of all users. Most are designed without considering the UX only in the technical aspects. In this paper, to break the limits that apply to all users of the Web service pattern analysis, we propose a visualization system via the animation based on the individual user's movement patterns and usage patterns. Through this convergence is expected to be able to transform the web from the central manager to the user UX and the planning aspects researchers.