• Human Ecology Research
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.459-470
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• 2022

This study analyzed the relationship between adult attachment, self-differentiation, and self-esteem in solving the fear of intimacy in interpersonal relationships experienced by adults. This study targeted people in the 20s to 50s age group, and data from 1,263 participants were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The results are as follows. First, it was found that secure attachment had a negative relationship with the fear of intimacy, while the relationship between self-differentiation and self-esteem was positive. On the other hand, anxiety attachment and avoidance attachment were shown to have a positive relationship with the fear of intimacy, but a negative relationship was identified with self-differentiation and self-esteem. Second, it became evident that self-differentiation and self-esteem mediated the relationship between adult attachment and the fear of intimacy. Additionally, the findings indicated that self-differentiation and self-esteem had a dual mediating effect. The results of this study can be used as basic data for counseling and educational programs to solve the fear of intimacy in interpersonal relationships experienced by adults.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.161-174
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• 1996

The purpose of the study is to investigate how childhood attachment and autonomy explain the gender differences in adulthood heterosexual love styles. The study examines (1) the gender differences in childhood attachment and autonomy and adulthood heterosexual love relationships, (2) the relationship between childhood attachment and autonomy in relation to mother, and love styles in adulthood among men and women. 405 married or unmarried men and women participated in a questionnaire study. Such statistic analyses are engaged for this study as cross-tabulation analysis, and one-way ANOVA. The key findings of the study are that the relationships of childhood developmental pattern of attachment and autonomy to adulthood heterosexual love styles differ between men and women. That is, developmental patterns of childhood attachment and autonomy to mother operate as a vulnerability factor in establishing adulthood love relationship, whereas childhood experiences do not explain adulthood love among women. These gender differences are discussed in theoretical contexts which explain gender-differentiated process of separation from mother during childhood.

• 아동학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2002

This research delineated variables of maternal influences on children's social competence. The sample consisted of 287 pairs of 5th/6th grade students, their mothers, and 8 classroom teachers in Gwangju City. Analysis included factors of mother's adult attachment, marriage adjustment, affection in child-rearing, level of education and income. The result of multiple regression analysis indicated that affectionate child-rearing is the most significant factor contributing to child's social competence, followed by mother's education, close attachment, income, and anxiety attachment, in that order. These maternal variables accounted for 18% of the child's social competence.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.561-584
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• 2021

본 연구는 한국 성인 601명을 대상으로 이들의 사랑유형에 따른 잠재집단을 분류하고, 각 집단별 우울 수준의 차이 및 잠재집단 구분에 영향을 주는 변인(성차, 연령, 결혼여부, 신경증, 불안애착, 정서조절)을 파악하고자 수행되었다. 잠재집단분석(LCA)을 실시한 결과, 한국성인의 사랑유형의 잠재집단은 친밀감, 열정, 책임감의 세 요인 모두에 대해 가장 높은 수준을 보이는 L-H(7.7%)집단, 세 요인 모두 평균보다 높은 수준을 나타내는 L-MH(33.6%)집단, 세 요인 모두 평균 수준을 나타내는 L-M(39.8%)집단, 세 요인 모두 평균보다 낮은 수준을 보이는 L-ML(14.6%)집단, 세 요인 모두가 가장 낮은 수준을 보이는 L-L(4.3%)집단으로 분류됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 한국 성인의 사랑유형 각 잠재집단에 따라 우울 수준에 차이가 있는지 ANOVA 검증 결과, L-MH집단이 L-ML집단에 비해 심리적으로 보다 건강하고 적응적인 집단으로 나타났다. 다항로지스틱 분석 결과, 여성은 남성에 비해 L-M, L-ML 및 L-L집단에 속할 가능성이 높았고, 미혼은 기혼에 비해 L-M, L-ML집단에 속할 가능성이 높았다. 또한, 불안애착 수준이 높을수록 L-H, L-MH집단보다 L-M, L-ML, L-L집단에, L-M집단보다 L-ML와 L-L집단에, L-ML집단보다 L-L집단에 속할 가능성이 높았으나, 연령과 신경증, 정서조절은 잠재집단 구분에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 본 연구는 한국 성인의 사랑유형에 대한 다양한 하위 잠재집단을 보다 입체적으로 파악하여 집단별 특성에 따른 차별적 개입의 가능성을 제시했다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.637-649
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• 2017

본 연구는 부모 자서전 대필 프로그램을 개발하고 효과를 검증하기 위해 수행되었다. 피험자는 서울의 한 대학에 재학 중인 총 82명의 학생들이었으며, 실험군이 52명, 대조군이 30명이었다. 연구 설계는 비동등성 대조군 사전-사후 유사 실험설계로 진행하였다. 프로그램의 효과 검증은 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 공분산분석으로 수행하였다. 부모의 자서전은 프롤로그, 아동기, 청소년기, 성인기, 에필로그로 구성하였다. 자서전의 각 장은 부모의 주요 사건을 기술하는 성장서사 부분과 대필자의 느낌을 기술하는 성찰서사 부분으로 구성하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 부모 자서전 대필 프로그램은 부모-자녀 간 관계를 유의하게 증진시켰다. 특히, 하위요인 중 친밀, 존경 요인은 유의하게 증가하였고, 엄격 요인은 유의하게 감소하였다. 둘째, 부모 자서전 대필 프로그램은 부모-자녀 애착을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 셋째, 부모 자서전 대필 프로그램은 부모-자녀 간 의사소통을 유의하게 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 대학생들의 부모 자서전 대필 프로그램의 효과와 적용 가능성에 대해 논의하였다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2017

Objective : The experiences in close relationships questionnaire-revised (ECR-R) (Fraley, Waller & Brennan, 2000) is a valuable tool for measuring adult attachment, and its Korean version, the ECRR-K (Kim, 2004), is widely used in Korea. However, given its substantial length, this study was aimed to develop and validate a short version of the ECRR-K called the ECRR-K14. Methods : Two hundred and ninety-four medical students participated in this study in 2016. They completed the ECRR-K, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS). The study authors applied the Rasch rating scale to check each item's model fit and then performed confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) to test the new scale's validity. Results : The authors selected seven items each for the anxiety and avoidance subscales, and the ECRR-K14 showed fair to good internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.93$ and 0.92 for anxiety and avoidance, respectively). The anxiety subscale showed concurrent validity with the PSS and the RSES while the avoidance subscale showed concurrent validity with the UCLA-LS. The CFAs also demonstrated the validity of the model with a goodness-of-fit index of 0.916. Conclusion : The ECRR-K14 showed excellent reliability and validity and appears to be a promising instrument for measuring the two attachment dimensions in adults.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.203-232
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the parallel dual mediating effects of positive and negative affects in the relationship between adult attachment and self-compassion of teachers in the early childhood education and care centers. Methods: Two hundred and six teachers participated in the survey who were recruited from kindergarten and child care centers in Seoul and five provinces in South Korea. The data were analyzed by means of frequency, percentages, Cronbach's reliability coefficient and Pearson's correlation using SPSS 25.0 and model 4 provided in The PROCESS macro for SPSS 3.4 version. Results: First, the teachers' degrees of anxiety and avoidance in their adult attachment were below the median scores. Those of positive and negative affects, and their self-compassion were close to the median scores. Second, there were parallel dual mediation effects of positive and negative affects between anxious attachment and self-compassion of teachers. Meanwhile, only positive affect had a mediating effect in the path of teachers' avoidant attachment and self-compassion. Conclusion/Implications: This study confirmed that it is important to raise positive affect by lowering each level of anxiety and avoidance in their attachment for teachers in order to improve their self-compassion. It implied the need to provide support for attachment stability enhancement and to pay attention to improve their self-compassion.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.72-86
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• 2018

This study was designed to identify the adult attachment style among hospital nurses, and to examine its effect on nurses' job stress and organizational commitment. Self-administered survey questionnaires with structured instruments were developed, and a total of 281 responses from five small to medium-sized hospitals were used for statistical analyses with SPSS Windows version 24.0 program. Major findings of the study are three fold. First, among the four styles of adult attachment, found in 30.6% of survey respondents, stability style was the most popular, followed by fear style(28.5%), disregard style(24.2%), and devotion style(17.8%). Second, according to the general characteristics of study participants, adult attachment style showed a significant difference in age($x^2=23.29$, p=.025). Third, multiple regression analyses showed that hospital nurses with the fear style among other adult attachment styles had a significantly higher job stress compared to those with the stability style. The fear style also affected the nurses' organizational commitment level in a negative way, but the effect was only marginal. Results from this study suggest that customized program based on the nurses' adult attachment style should be developed to enhance their organizational commitment while reducing job stress in small to medium-sized hospitals.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1998

this study examined the correlates of adult attachment focused on internal working models of 201 housewives. Findings indicated that 68.3% of subjects were classified as secure whereas 27.5% as avoidant and 4.2% as anxious. Greater security was associated with slightly less avoidance while greater anxiousness was associated with slightly greater avoidance. That is subjects who possessed more security tended to be less avoidant while subjects who possessed more anxiousness tended to be more avoidant. The primary characteristics classifying subjects into those three attachment styles were feelings about closeness dependence and anxiousness in relationships with others. Adult attachment was related in theoretically expected ways to one's history of attachment and parenting. Secure subjects were more likely to report warm/responsive parental caregiving style than insecure styles. Insecure subjects in comparison with secure subjects perceived their mothers as cold inconsistent and ot very responsive. Anxious subjects dscribed their fathers as cold and rejecting. The secure attachment style in comparsion with insecure styles was associated with positive mental models of self and social world indicating greater self-esteem positive beliefs about self and others positive relationships with their children greater marital satisfaction and greater secure attachment to their husbands. These results suggest that internal working model offers a useful perspective on adult attachment.

• 대한치과의료관리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the importance of healthy attachment formation by examining the effects of dental hygiene students' adult attachment patterns on depression, self-esteem, empathy, and career choice, and to present basic data for career guidance that considers individual characteristics. Students enrolled in the dental hygiene department at a university in Daejeon were the subjects of this study, and data were collected from September 14 to October 14, 2020 through self-reported questionnaires. Frequency analysis, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. As a result of classifying adult attachment styles into three types, out of a total of 158 people, 62 (39.2%) had the avoidant attachment style, 56 (35.4%) had the secure attachment style, and 40 (25.3%) had the anxious-ambivalent attachment style appear. Self-esteem according to attachment type (F=26.224, p<0.0001), empathy (F=3.944, p<0.05), depression (F=12.702, p<0.0001), career indecisiveness (F=4.367, p<0.05). Based on the results of identifying the sub-factors that affect the dental hygiene and adult attachment styles of students with depression, self-esteem, empathy and career choice, this study intends to use them as reference materials for career decision taking into account individual characteristics.