• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1370-1376
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• 2015

The 1, 1- diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazyl (DPPH) is a well-known radical and a trap (scavenger) for other radicals. Hyaluronidase (HAase) is an enzyme that depolymerizes the polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme was reported to convert the arachidonic, linoleic and other polyunsaturated fatty acid into biologically active metabolites involved in the inflammatory and immune responses. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate plant extracts as sources of natural antioxidants and to examine whether Achyranthes japonica having significant DPPH, HAase and LOX inhibitory activity. The inhibitory effect of HAase by A. japonica was assayed using a Morgan microplate assay. The antioxidant activity of the A. japonica extracts was measured on the basis of the scavenging activity of the stable 1, 1- diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazyl (DPPH) free radical. DPPH scavenging activity of matured roots of A. japonica was evaluated at 4.0 mg/ml was 87.8% and that of young roots was 86.2% at same concentration. The roots of A. japonica showed maximum inhibition of HAase activity (IC₅₀ = 27.7 μg/ml). The highest LOX inhibition was recorded in the root extract among three vegetative parts. Inhibition of HAase activity of roots may contribute towards the development of herbal medicines. Although percent inhibition of lipoxygenase by Achyranthes japonica for all young and matured groups for leaves, stems, and roots at different concentrations, there were not show a statistically significant difference (p<0.05).

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 1992

Changes in activity of gibberellin $3{\beta}-hydroxylase$ which converts $[^3H]GA_{20}\;to\;GA_1$ were studied during seed maturation using partially purified enzyme preparations of two cultivars, Kentucky Wonder (normal) and Masterpiece (dwarf) of Phaseolus vulgaris. The specific activity of $3{\beta}-hydroxylase$ per seed reached maximum at 21 days after flowering and subsequently decreased during seed maturation in both cultivars. The ratios of conversion of $[17-^{13}C,\;^3H_2]GA_{20}\;to\;GA_1.\;GA_5,\;and\;GA_6$ by the same amount of $3{\beta}-hydroxylase$ were almost identical. Epoxidation of $GA_5\;to\;GA_6$ is also catalyzed by the partially purified $3{\beta}-hydroxylase$ preparation(Kobayashi et aI., 1991) and the conversion was inhibited by the substrates of $3{\beta}-hydroxylase$. These results suggest that the same enzyme might catalyze $3{\beta}-hydroxylase{\;}of{\;}GA_{20}\;to\;GA_1$ and epoxidation of $GA_5\;to\;GA_6$..

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1142-1148
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• 2021

As the average human lifespan has been extended, there has been a lot of interest in the quality of life of women after menopause. It is known that the average age of menopause among Korean women is 49.7 years, and the post-menopausal life of a woman takes up more than one third of her life. L-ascorbic acid (AsA) is known to be involved in the synthesis and maturation of collagen, a bone constituent protein. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential of AsA in bone health in postmenopausal women. AsA plays an important role in collagen biosynthesis, and collagen is a protein constituting bone and is a necessary material for calcification of the bone matrix. Collagen crosslinking is necessary for the stabilization and elasticity of collagen fibers during growth and matruation of animals, but an excessive increase is likely to lead to further aging because the movement of intercellular nutrients or waste is suppressed. AsA acts as a reducing agent to stabilize the immature collagen crosslinking and suppress pyridinoline production, a mature crosslinking. Therefore, AsA participates in collagen biosynthesis and helps bone tissue health, while regulating the excessive maturation of collagen crosslinking, it is expected to play an important role in bone-related problems that may occur in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2006

The effects of cheonggukjang(traditional fermented soybean food, CK) and cheonggukjang added Agaricus blazei (CKA) on lipid metabolism were investigated in female Sprague-Dawley rats (20 weeks old). The rats were fed a purified hyperlipidemic diet (control diet: 0.1% cholesterol, 10% fat, 18% casein) for 4 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group: control, two kinds of CK or CKA (powders of CK or CKA as dietary protein sources). After 8 weeks of experimental diets consumption, the body weights, and the uterine fat pad weights of CK and CKA diets groups were more significantly decreased than those of the control diet group. The liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lower in both the CK and CKA diets groups than those in the control group. The concentrations in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly decreased in the CK and CKA diets group s compared with those in the control group. The HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios were significantly increased in the CK and CKA diets groups compared with those in the control group. The fecal cholesterol and triglyceride excretion in the CK and CKA diets groups were more increased than those in the control group. These results showed that both the feeding the rats with cheonggukjang and cheonggukjang added Agaricus blazei decreased the triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum as well as the triglyceride and cholesterol in liver, and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.410-415
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• 2006

The effects of cheonggukjang (traditional fermented soybean food, CK) and cheonggukjang added Phellinus linteus (CKP) on lipid metabolism were investigated in adult male rats. Twenty weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a purified hyperlipidemic diet (control diet: 0.5% cholesterol, 10% fat, 18% casein) for 4 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group control, two kinds of CK or CKP (powders of CK or CKP as dietary protein sources) After 5 weeks of CK or CKP diets consumption, the body weights, the hepatic and epididymal fat pad weights of the CK or CKP diets groups were significantly decreased than those of the control group. The liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lower in both the CK and CKP diets groups than those in the control group. The concentrations in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly decreased in the CK and CKP diets groups compared with those in the control group. The HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios were significantly increased in the CK and CKP diets groups compared with those in the control group. Fecal cholesterol and triglyceride excretion of the CK and CKP diets groups were significantly increased than those of the control group. These results showed that both the feeding of cheonggukjang and cheonggukjang added Pheilinus linteus decreased the triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum as well as the triglyceride and cholesterol in liver, and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum of the rats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.932-937
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• 2006

The effects of cheonggukjang (CK) on the weight gains, serum and hepatic lipids levels were investigated in adult female rats fed the cholesterol diets. Sprague-Dawley strain rats were given four different types of diet for 4 weeks, respectively: a normal diet, a control diet (10% fat + 0.5% cholesterol), a 5% or 10% CK diets (control diet + 5% or 10% CK powder). The body weights, food intake and food efficiency ratios, and the uterine fat pad weights of 5% CK and 10% CK groups were more significantly decreased than those of the control group. The liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lower of the 10% CK group than those of the control group. The concentrations of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL+VLDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly decreased in the 10% CK group compared with those in the control group. The HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios was significantly increased in the 10% CK group compared with those in the control group. The fecal total lipid excretion of the 5% and 10% CK groups were more increased than those in the control group. These results showed that the 10% cheonggukjang feeding decreased the triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL+VLDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index ratios in serum as well as the triglyceride and cholesterol in liver, and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1679-1683
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effects of Cheonggukjang (traditional soybean food, CK) and Cheonggukjang added with Phellinus linteus myceria (CKP) on the lipid metabolism, growth, food intake, and food efficiency ratio(FER) in adult female rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet (control diet: 0.1% cholesterol, 10% Lard) for 4 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group: control, and two kinds of CK and CKP (powders of CK and CKP as dietary protein sources). After 4 weeks of experimental diet consumption, the body weights and the uterine fat pad weights of the CK and CKP diet groups were more significantly decreased than those of the control diet group. The hepatic cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid levels were significantly lower in both the CK and CKP diet fed groups than those in the control group. The concentrations in serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased in the CK and CKP diet groups compared to those in the control group. Fecal total lipid, moisture and wet weight excretion in the CK and CKP diet groups were more increased than those in the control group. These results showed that feeding of cheonggukjang and cheonggukjang added with Phellinus linteus myceria both the triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in serum, as well as the triglyceride and cholesterol in the livers of the rats.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2002

이 논문은 대두 이소플라본 섭취가 난소를 절제한 쥐의 골격 손실에 미치는 영향을 투여량에 따라 조사한 것이다. 실험 초기에 암컷의 Wistar rats(7개월령; n=55)을 절제 후 봉합시킨 군(SH; n=14)과 난소절제군(OVX; n=41)으로 각각 구분하여 사육하고 80일 후에 각 5마리씩을 해부하여 난소절제로 인한 골손실 진행여부를 확인하였다. 그 후 난소절제 쥐(OVX)를 9마리씩 4그룹으로 나누고 대두 이소플라본(IF, 대두단백질이 없는 실험식이에 혼합하여 공급)을 각각 0, 20, 40, 80mg/ (kg body.d)씩 84일간 공급하였다. 동시에 SH rats에게도 이소플라본이 없는 실험식이를 섭취시켰으며 164일 후에 해부하였다. 예상했던 대로 골 무기질 밀도(대퇴골, 골간부위와 골간단부위) 및 골 표면적에 대한 다공성 골 면적의 비(대퇴골 원위부 골간단에서)가 OVX군이 SH군보다 낮았다(P<0.05). OVX군은 SH군보다 혈장 osteocalcine 농도가 높았으며 소변으로의 deoxypyridinoline 배설량이 많았다(P<0.05). 164일째 osteocalcine 과 deoxypyridinoline 농도는 OVX군에서보다 IF40 및 IF80군에서 더 낮았다(P<0.05). 그럼에도 불구하고 골 무기질 밀도와 다공성 골 면적이 OVX군에서보다 IF군들에서 더 낮아지지는 않았다. 그러므로 난소를 절제한 성숙한 쥐에게 대두 이소플라본을 매일 섭취시키는 것은 골격조직의 재흡수를 감소시킬 수 있으나 이미 진행된 골감소증(osteophenia)을 회복시킬 수는 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-50
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• 1985

Changes in fatty acid composition of phospholipids from human milk during the course of lactation were determined in milk from Korean lactating mothers giving birth at term. The levels of 8 : 0 increased significantly from colostral to transitional stages with a further small decrease at mature stage. The proportions of 10 : 0, 12 : 0 and 14 : 0 increased markedly from colostrum to transitional to mature milk. The w6-derived long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, 20 : 2w5, 20 : 4w6 and 22 : 4w5, were decreased with time of lactation. The levels of 24 : 1w9 were significantly higher in transitional milk than in colostrum and then significantly decreased to lowers than the colostral levels at mature milk.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-66
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• 1993

한국산 관박쥐(Rhinolophusfemmequinum koran의 웅성생식 pattern을 알아보기 위하여, 1년 주기를 통한 정소상체 이부로의 정자유입, 정자저장 및 정자소멸에 따른 상피세포와의 상관관계를 조사하여, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 정소로부터 정자유입과 정자저장 및 정자소멸에 관련하여 볼때, 정소상체 미부는 2단계의 정화기간(cleaning time)을 가진다. 첫째로, 동면 각성시기인 4월부터 6월까지는 오래된 저장정자를 파괴시켜 새로운 정자를 받아들이기 위한 준비단계로서 둘째로, 정차과정은 7월에서 8월까지 계속되는[tl 이는 7월부터 새로운 정자와 함께 유임된 기형 정자세포,기형 정자 및 기타 잔여 노페물질을 제거하여 성숙된 정자만을 보유함으로서 곧 교미기를 맞이하기 위한 준비단계로서 정화기간을 가진다. 따라서, 1년 주기를 통한 정소상체 이부의 정화기간은 동면 각성기인 4월부터 8월까지 약 5개월에 걸쳐 이루어진다. 한편, 교미가 끝난 11월부터 동면기를 거쳐 동연 각성기 전까지의 긴 기간동안에 정소상체 미부내의 저장된 정자는 급격한 변화를 가져오지 않았다. 이는 동면동안의 낮은 물질대사율과 관련이 있다고 생각된다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 정자유입, 정자저장 및 정자소멸에 따른 정소상체 미부의 조직변화는 정소상체 미부내 상피세포의 분비 및 흡수의 조절작용에 의해 변학되는것이라 여겨진다.