• School Mathematics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.557-571
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• 2008

The objective of this paper is to study De Morgan's thoughts on teaching and learning negative numbers. We studied De Morgan's point of view on negative numbers, and analyzed his didactical approaches for negative numbers. De Morgan make students explore impossible subtractions, investigate the rule of the impossible subtractions, and construct the signification of the impossible subtractions in succession. In De Morgan' approach, teaching and learning negative numbers are connected with that of linear equations, the signs of impossible subtractions are used, and the concept of negative numbers is developed gradually following the historic genesis of negative numbers. Also, we analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of the De Morgan's approaches compared with the mathematics curriculum.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.121-128
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• 2002

It makes an appearance that multi-media of Avatar, Cyber-Character, Cyber-Pet, Emoticon caused by Web-Environment advancement. Internet-User was fascinated by anonymous name of Web in the past but a desire goes on increasing to express oneself using the multi-media characters. Therefore, this study investigates that the feature of avatar character different from the general characters as making a survey of preference of avatar characters type in the various multi-media characters and presenting an efficient method at the making avatar characters. Consequently, the most efficient avatar characters type have to be concerned about functional factors rather than feature, feeling. exactly, it must be make conspicuous to personality of user and must make suitableness type of personality.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Computational thinking has been recently highlighted as an essential ability of the 21st Century so that many educational efforts have focused on broadening participation in computing and promoting computational thinking in K-12 settings. This paper describes the impact of creative learning activities with the Scratch on middle school students' computational thinking and creative potential. The learning activities were designed and implemented in 12 sessions with 34 middle school students. The pre and post creative potential assessment results show that students' creative personality and ideational behavior were significantly enhanced. Also, project portfolio analysis shows that students came to understand several computational concepts that are useful in a wide range of programming contexts: sequences, loops, conditionals, events, and operators.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.10 no.6 s.97
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• pp.42-46
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• 1977

이 기사는 미국과학지흥협회(AAAS)가 멕시코시에서 개최한 「기술이관과 국민경제개발」을 주제로 한 학술대회에서 발표된 내용의 일부를 옮긴 것이다. 과학의 발달과 사회의 요청으로 기술이 부단히 변천하게 되며 이러한 기술변천은 여러가지 면으로 사회에 영향을 미치게 된다. 기술변천이 사회에 미치는 영향을 알기 위해서 변천이랑 어떠한 것인가, 이러한 변천은 무엇에 또는 누구에 영향을 미치는가와 같은 기술변천의 성격을 알아야 한다. 그러므로 이 강연에서는 먼저 변천의 종류와 그리고 이 변천이 어떻게 그리고 얼마나 광범위한 영향을 가져오는가를 검토하고 그후에 이러한 변천이 좋은지 나쁜지에 대해서 그리고 이에 대하여 어떻게 할 수 있는가 하는 점을 살펴보겠다. 먼저 요점을 기술하면 기술변천의 영향은 변천이 이루어지고 있을 때 우리가 이해하거나 고려한 것보다 더 광범위하고 더 깊고 더 다양하다는 사실과 그리고 모든 변천이 다 좋은 것은 아니며 바쁜 결과를 미치는 경우도 있으나 이러한 것 모두를 방지 제어 교정할 수 없는 것이 현실이다. 그러므로 사회는 기술변천의 과정이나 기술변천이 내포하고 있는 의미를 철저히 연구조사하여 사회에 악영향을 미치는 것을 억제하고 좋은 결과를 가져오는 것을 촉진시킬 수 있는 제도나 절차를 개발 채택하여야 한다. 이 강연은 구체적인 실례나 도표같은 것이 생략되어 좀 이론적이며 추상적으로 되어있음을 미리 양해하기 바란다. 기술변천에서 어떤 일이 발생하고 있는가 하는 점은 우리들 대부분이 이미 잘 알고 있는 사실이므로 이를 피하고 왜 이러한 것들이 발생하는가에 대해서 주로 말하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined the relations among 5 personality factors, self-regulatory efficacy and subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. This study also examined the mediating effect of self-regulatory efficacy on the relationship between 5 personality factors and subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. Methods: The research subjects consisted of 114 parents with developmental disabilities. They completed questionnaires 5 personality factors, self-regulatory efficacy and subjective well-being by parents. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The results of this study showed that 5 personality factors-neuroticism and extroversion-had a direct effect on subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities. Second, 5 personality factors-extroversion- had an indirect effect on the subjective well-being through self-regulatory efficacy in parents with developmental disabilities. Conclusions: These findings have implications for future research and practice by highlighting the importance of self-regulatory efficacy in subjective well-being in parents with developmental disabilities.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.649-665
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• 2011

Estuary of River Nakdong(in south-eastern coast of Korean Peninsula) is the most representative site of delta in Korea. This study is to elucidate morpho-structural background associated with the embayment area and sedimentation processes, having allowed development of the delta. In this area, Great morphological trait of the embayment area had been formulated by differential erosion exploiting regional fracture system(NNE-SSW, NNW-SSE, E-W,...) of tectonic origin. For this reason, outline of the embayment basin shows quadrangular plan, and ridges and dissected valleys of neighbouring mountains draw frequently morphological lineament pattern. At the last glacial age when delta deposit had not yet filled the actual embayment basin of the Nakdong, mechanical weathering(frost shattering) and mass-movement processes had provided detritus materials composed of blocks, boulders on bottom the basin. With the postglacial transgression in the Holocene, the basin had been submerged, then began to be filled with fluvio-marine deposits from Kimhae-Yangsan area toward actual estuarine zone, so that Nakdong delta have been formed. Analysis and synthesis of from hundreds of boring data of the delta area reveal that progression of delta formation have been accompanied with the development of barrier islands. If the barrier islands had grown as forming a plural row, then their intervals have posteriorly filled with another fluvio-marine deposits. Besides, it shows that delta deposits are essentially alluvial. However, at the periphery of the delta, intervention of fine marine deposits is frequently found.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-52
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine whether children had the naive psychological knowledge that the mental states ate requited to understand the intentional actions, whether their psychological knowledge was organized as a theory, and in what aspects the knowledge changed as children get older. Three- to 11-year-olds were presented with two types of tasks. In action explanation tasks, children were presented with simple descriptions of two characters engaging in specific actions and then asked to explain the characters' action. In action prediction tasks, they were told stories depicting a character's desire and belief and then asked to predict the action of the character. Three-year-olds explained the action in terms of abstract construct such as emotion, intention, and desire, and they predicted the character's action on the basis of her/his desire and explicit belief but not on the basis of inferred false belief and traits. In addition when they were asked to explain one mental state, they explained in terms of other mental states, suggesting the coherence of their knowledge. The present results suggested that even 3-year-olds' psychological knowledge was organized as a theory, in that it was used as a causal device in explaining and predicting human actions, and it had abstractness and coherence. Older children's knowledge was different from 3-year-olds' in that older children explained the action in terms of more complicated mental states such as beliefs and traits. The nature of the developmental change in psychological knowledge was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.25
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• pp.295-324
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• 1993

최근 정보기술의 급속한 발달 따라 사회 전반적인 체제의 정보화 현상으로 개인이나 조직의 활동이 정보와 밀접한 관련성을 가지게 됨으로써 이용자의 정보 수요에 적합한 정보원을 제공하는 매개자의 기능을 수행하고 있는 정보전문가의 역할이 한층 더 부각되고 있다. 이러한 영향이 도서관이나 정보센터의 모든 활동에 파급됨에 따라 정보를 수집, 가공, 분석. 저장 및 전달을 담당하고 있는 정보 전문가는 종래의 문헌중심봉사(book-based service)에서 정보중심봉사(information-based service) 형태로 역할 변환이 요구되고 있다. 특히 주제전문 봉사를 담당하고 있는 사서나 정보전문가는 이러한 정보기술의 파급효과를 더욱 실감하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 상황에서 본 연구는 첫째, 정보기술의 발달이 사회과학 분야의 정보봉사에 미치는 영향과 효과를 살펴보고. 둘째로 사회과학 분야 정보제공을 위한 정보시스템의 특성 분석과 정보기술을 매체로 이용하고 있는 정보전문가의 정보기술에 대한 인식을 실증적으로 분석하고 있으며, 마지막으로 정보사회에서 다양한 정보제공을 담당할 사회과학 정보전문가의 새로운 역할 모델을 제시하고 있다. 사회과학 분야의 정보제공을 효율적으로 수행하기 위한 정보시스템의 구축은 학제적 성을 지니고 있는 사회과학 전반에 대한 이해와 특성을 파악함으로써 가능하다. 사회과학의 연구대상은 인간 상호작용에 관한 지식의 전반적인 분야를 포괄하고 있어 많은 주제분야가 서로 중복되거나 상호 호환적인 성격을 지니고 있기에. 사회과학 정보시스템이 이용자의 정보요구에 만족을 주기 위해서는 이용자의 유형, 정보요구의 형태 및 그 해결방안에 일차적 관심을 가져야한다. 사회과학 분야의 정보유통 체제를 살펴보면, 대부분 통계자료나 단편적인 데이타로 시작되는 원자료가 사회과학자나 연구자에 의해 "지적 변환(intellectual transformation)" 과정을 거쳐 논문이나 저서 등과 같은 정형화된 문헌의 형태로 나타나게 된다. 정형화된 문헌이 다른 이용자의 요구에 효율적으로 이용되기 위하여 다시 "서지적 변형(bibliographic transformation)" 과정이 수반됨으로써 도서관이나 정보센터의 정보시스템에서 문헌검색이 가능하게 된다. 정보기술의 발달과 보급 이전에는 서지적 변형 단계에서 대부분 정보제공시스템의 역할이 종결되었으나, 최근 정보기술의 활용으로 서지적 변형 후 각종 정보자료의 색인과 초록 및 네트웍 화를 통한 자동화 과정이 이루어짐으로써 이용자의 정보요구에 최대의 만족을 제공할 수 있는 정보자료의 체계적인 분석과 효율적인 통제로 포괄적인 정보관리 차원으로 이전되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 사회과학 분야를 담당하고 있는 사서를 대상으로 실시한 설문조사에서 새로운 정보기술의 활용에 따른 정보전문가의 인지적 혹은 업무 적 변화가 매우 긍정적인 방향으로 뚜렷이 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있다. 정보기술을 이용하고 있는 대부분의 사서들은 정보기술이 그들의 정보봉사 업무를 쉽게, 빠르게. 그리고 정확하게 처리하고 있으며, 새로운 정보기술 습득에 호의적인 반응을 보이고 있다. 아울러 정보기술의 이용에 따른 추가적인 책임이나 의무가 수반되고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있으며, 정보기술이 정보전문가의 역할을 완전히 대체할 정도로 위협을 느끼고 있지는 않는 것으로 조사되고 있다. 종합적인 반응은 대부분의 사서들이 정보 봉사 업무에 정보기술의 활용을 매우 바람직한 것으로 보고 있으며. 이용자 요구를 극대화하기 위한 정보관리에 필수불가결 한 도구로 인식하고 있다. 과거의 유능한 사서나 정보전문가는 자관의 정보원에 대한 철저한 이해로 이용자의 요구에 봉사하는 것으로 간주되었으나, 현재 그리고 미래의 유능한 정보전문가는 자관은 물론 국가적 혹은 세계적인 정보원에 접근할 수 있는 정보원 관리 능력은 물론 정보기술의 활용과 이용자에 대한 교육적 능력을 동시에 지녀야 할 것으로 여겨진다. 이러한 관점에서 사회과학 분야의 정보제공을 담당하고 있는 정보전문가의 새로운 역할을 크게 이용자 보조 역할, 주제전문가 역할. 시스템 전문가 역할, 그리고 정보원 관리자 역할로 구분할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.234-246
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• 2023

This study uses Gagne's 'Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent (DMGT)' to collect and extract major life events of Jang Young-sil, and to investigate how giftedness was formed and developed in his life history, and what factors enabled him to demonstrate his talent in the field of science and technology. In addition, based on the framework of Gagne's Differentiation Model for Giftedness and Talent(DMGT), we analyzed the mechanism of giftedness manifestation of Jang Young-sil and sought to explore the direction of gifted education based on this. To sum up the results of the study, first, in Giftedness(G), it was found that Jang Young-sil had excellent scientific and technological skills. Second, motivation, determination, self-management, and personality factors that constitute the inner catalyst(IC) of the individual have had an impact on the development of giftedness. Third, it influenced the social environment and peer giftedness in environmental catalysis(EC). Fourth, the catalyst of chance or chance(C) was the factor that had the greatest influence on Jang Young-sil's manifestation of giftedness. Fifth, informal learning and non-institutional formal learning in the developmental process(LP) influenced the manifestation of giftedness. In this way, the talent development factors of people such as Jang Young-sil provide implications for the need to understand the manifestation mechanism of giftedness in the future, develop examination tools that can detect giftedness, and develop customized programs that can develop giftedness.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.81-98
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• 2004

This study is to conduct the basic study for the achievement and assessment standards for the subject of 'Human Development' and 'Food and Nutrition', which are the curricula of Vocational Home Economics High Schools. These two subjects were newly adopted in the Vocational study Section of the 2005 College Entrance Examinations. In other words, this study is to provide the basic data for implementing the quality education based on the proper assessment of the curricula. For this purpose. this study analyzed the character & objective of 'Human Development' and 'Food and Nutrition'. Secondly. through the theoretical review for the concept & necessity of absolute evaluation standards. this study ensures the concept of achievement and assessment standards. and also designs the developing measures (including procedures). The achievement standards were developed by the following 5 step procedures. (1) Analyzing the objectives & contents of curricula. (2) Designating the development field of achievement standards (3) Developing the achievement standards. (4) The assessment of achievement standards. (5) Confirming the achievement standards. The assessment standards were developed by the following 5 step procedures. (1) Analyzing the achievement standards, (2) Designating the assessment field (3) Developing the assessment standards (4) Evaluating the assessment standards (5) Confirming the assessment standards Thirdly, this study suggested the exemplary achievement standards and assessment standards for the subject of Human Development, Food and Nutrition. Future study needs some critical review for the method of developing achievement and assessment standards for the subject of Human Development, Food and Nutrition. For example. the properness of 'Contents Element' which was designated as the developing field in the achievement standards, the discussion on validity of Contents Element abstract. the base of evaluating classification in terms of low, middle and high level, and other things should be considered through critical discussion. Especially the follow-up study should include the development of various evaluating methods to enable the clear communication for the achievement and assessment standards based on abstract concept and theory, thereby it could enable the actual interpretation and practical use.