• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 2012

The rotator cuff is situated in a potential tight subacromial space and undergoes senescent structural changes commonly observed in other joints of the body. When the cuff fails, spontaneous healing of the torn tendon is not expected to occur, and multiple factors may be responsible. Its fibers are under tension and typically retract on tearing. The subacromial bursal inflammation and alterations in normal glenohumeral kinematics have been considered in the development of symptoms. Controversy continues to exist concerning the pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease. The heterogeneity of the disorder, as well as the notion that rotator cuff disease may not actually represent a continuum of the same process, but rather, is a compilation of independent disorders, may partly explain the differing viewpoints on its origin. Two contrasting pathogenetic mechanisms have been extensively described and include vascular, or intrinsic, causes and impingement, or extrinsic, factors. Other etiologies have also been reported that include trauma, congenital or developmental factors, and instability. For successful treatment of the rotator cuff diseases, it is essential to understand the structure and function of rotator cuff and to clarify the pathogenesis and natural history of its disorder.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.49-62
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• 2023

In order to create an organizational culture that prevents women's career breaks and promotes economic activities, this study aimed at developing educational content for workplace culture improvement for both male and female workers working at small and medium-sized enterprises in Jeollanam-do. The core content composition and content design specifically consider the characteristics of Jeollanam-do based on an advisory meeting of the field experts and researchers to ensure the on-site utilization of the content and the validity and consistency of the teaching content. The educational content is divided into three areas: understanding, effectiveness, and the implementation of a gender-sensitive work-life balance organizational culture. The aim of the content is for all employees to understand the meaning of work-life balance and to improve the organizational culture of their company from the perspective of individuals, families, companies, and society. In particular, the intention was to personally identify and implement measures to improve a gender-equal work-life balance, not only at work, but also with regard to domestic labor and leisure time. Furthermore, the content is presented from a gender-sensitive perspective that encompasses diversity, systems, and programs targeting women, men, single people, married people, young people, the elderly, and people with disabilities - all these groups are explained as examples. The content emphasizes that we should all actively participate in improving the organizational culture of our companies. In addition, the Women's New Work Center should seek ways to increase the motivation for the voluntary participation by companies and strengthen the expertise of instructors in work-life balance education.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-33
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• 2019

This paper examines the economic factors that are related to the dynamics of the variance risk premium, and specially, which economic factors are related to the forecasting power of the variance premium regarding future index returns. Eleven general economic variables, eight interest rate variables, and eleven sentiment-associated variables are used to figure out the relevant economic variables that affect the variance risk premium. According to our empirical results, the won-dollar exchange rates, foreign reserves, the historical/implied volatility, and interest rate variables all have significant coefficients. The highest adjusted R-squared is more than 65 percent, indicating their significant explanatory power of the variance risk premium. Next, to verify the economic variables associated with the predictability of the variance risk premium, we conduct forecasting regressions to predict future stock returns and volatilities for one to six months. Our empirical analysis shows that only the won-dollar exchange rate, among the many variables associated with the dynamics of the variance risk premium, has a significant forecasting ability regarding future index returns. These results are consistent with results found in previous studies, including Londono (2012) and Bollerslev et al. (2014), which show that the variance risk premium is related to global risk factors.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.275-301
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• 2017

Based on the previous analysis by Wanghongjun(2008), this paper applies Optimality Theory (OT) to the field of partial reduplication in Korea to increase its scientific validity. Toward this end, I propose an alternative analysis of Korean partial reduplication, applied as a single process of prefixation. Reduplicated words by prefixation are divided into two types: with a heavy syllable of the stem, and another with the stem. The two types of partial reduplication are closely related by the sound features. In addition, I discussed Chinese partial reduplication from a prefixation perspective within the framework of OT and performed contrastive analysis of Korean and Standard Chinese processes of reduplication by focusing on constrained rankings. As a result, the alternative analysis showed a systematic relationship among the reduplicated words in Korean and Standard Chinese. Lastly, I explained that the coronal /t/ and liquid /l/ have a special functional hierarchy in both languages. This study can be re-explained based on the framework of OT according to a few major constraints, involving MAX-BR, MAX-IO. Their rankings show the adequacy of analysis.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.663-675
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• 2007

Chemical reactions in cells are so complicated and abstract that students have difficulty in understanding them. In this study, classes with the application of systematic analogies used at the interpretation of experimental results were taught to 10th-grade students in order to help them to understand the concept of enzymes, which play an important role in chemical reactions in cells. Effects of the classes on their understanding of the concept of enzymes and the role of systematic analogies were analyzed. The gap of understanding between the test group and the control group was significant at 0.05, indicating that systematic analogies are effective for students' understanding of the concept of enzymes. Looking into the concept of enzymes by individual element, the effect of systematic analogies was shown to be large for equilibrium-like processes, such as the enzyme structure change caused by temperature and pH; and the continuous and random actions of enzymes, which students have difficulty in understanding. For these processes, systematic analogies played a positive role in improving their conceptual status. The visualizations and familiarity of analogs increased their intelligibility regarding the concept of enzyme. Also, the systematic analogies increases their plausibility by helping to connect phenomena, taking place in the enzyme reaction experiments, with scientific concepts as scaffold. Accordingly, it was possible to explain experimental results as scientific concepts in a consistent manner. In addition, analogies familiar to students played a positive role from the affective perspective by promoting students' interest and helping them to approach hard scientific concepts.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.910-922
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• 2009

The purpose of the study was to investigate the professional level of the Korean non-physics major middle-school science teachers in 'force and motion' content knowledge. For the study, nine science teachers who majored in chemistry, biology, or earth science were sampled from middle-schools in a big city in Korea. The physics concept test-tool (subjective type), which the authors developed, were administered, and then followed by in-depth interviews. The research findings are as follows: Firstly, non-physics major science teachers' correct answer rate in physics knowledge test of secondary school level was not so high that they may have difficulty in teaching correct concepts in physics to middle-school students. Secondly, some teachers show that they can not apply some physics concepts from one to another situation. That means that they may have difficulty in teaching physics conceptual application in various situations to students.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

There have been questions how entrepreneurs think, act and why individuals become entrepreneurs. The trait-based explanation of entrepreneurial activities has been main stream. However, the trait-based theory has been criticized because it assumes that entrepreneurial traits are inherited, stable and enduring over time. This research accepts the cognitive theory to see how entrepreneurs learn or accept others' values, how entrepreneurial perceptions of opportunity impact entrepreneurial actions and how individuals acquire the social legitimation of the formation of entrepreneurial activities. In order to capture the attitudes, activities and motivations of people who are involved in entrepreneurial activities, the author uses the GEM Korea 2016 data. The data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor(GEM) has been well known for the data to capture individuals early-stage entrepreneurial activities. This paper used the sample from the APS(Adult Population Survey) of the GEM which was completed by a representative sample of two thousand adults in Korea by the qualified survey vendor, with strict procedures and oversight by the GEM central data team. The hypotheses are tested with logit regression analysis to estimate the probability of the influence of perceptual variables such as individual perception in social learning, the opportunity recognition in the environment, and social legitimation in the entrepreneurial activities. Based on the results, individuals tend to have high entrepreneurial activities if individuals have high self-efficacy. Also, the existence of role models around the entrepreneurs encourages the individuals involve in entrepreneurial activities more however the perception of opportunity in the environment is not strongly associated with entrepreneurial activities. The media exposure of successful entrepreneurs is more important than others' perception of entrepreneurs on the desirable career option or respect from communities. This paper can contribute to the cognitive processes, particular perception about oneself, as well as perception which is impacted by a community or a society.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.43
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• pp.259-304
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• 2011

It has been difficult to logically and consistently explain about the history of Korean national flag, Taegeukgi, for the past time because the exact shape of Young Hyo Park's Taegeukgi was not known. Any meaningful study of Taegeukgi was no longer possible since the most important core key was lost in the study of Taegeukgi. In this study, I inferred the original copy of Taegeukgi used by Young Hyo Park referring to the aspect of principle of Taegeukgi based on the existing historical data such as the copy of Young Hyo Park's Taegeukgi found in the UK National Archives in 2008, the recordings shown in Shi-wha-ji-lue, the painting of Taegeukgi inserted in Sisashinbo then in Japan, the Taegeukgi painted by Gil Joon Yoo, Denny Taegeukgi, etc. As a result, I have found that Taegeukgi has been handed down in a consistent shape even if China and Japan had tried to disturb and distorted it. That is, the Taegeukgi used by Young Hyo Park was painted following the command of the King Gojong and its shape was already defined before he went to Japan. I have found that such defined shape was the 'COREA Ensign', which was used for the Treaty between Chosun and the United States. I have also found that the 'COREA Ensign' from which Young Hyo Park's Taegeukgi was originated was designed by Gyoung Seok Oh and Gyoung Soo Kim referring to the situations that time. In addition, I have found that Shi-wha-ji-lue giving the base for the existing theory of Taegeukgi designed by Young Hyo Park was partially distorted by Japan.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.spc
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• pp.1-20
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• 2005

The present study was to investigate the basis of trust and distrust from the perspective of cultural psychology. We conducted a qualitative approach in terms of the reason to and psychological functions of trust and distrust. We also focused on the viewpoint of the relations between trust and distrust whether they are located on the continuum or independent dimensions. A total of 362 subjects participated in this study. The results revealed that the main reason to trust was interpersonal relationship, which indicated they have known each others well. On the other hand, the reason to distrust was based on the judgement of inconsistency between words and deeds, and other's selfish behavior. Therefore, the basis of trust and distrust was not only different but also located on the continuum. In addition, the principal psychological function of trust was a psychological safety, whereas that of distrust was a psychological anxiety.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.37-51
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• 2023

The ground roll is the most common coherent noise in land seismic data and has an amplitude much larger than the reflection event we usually want to obtain. Therefore, ground roll suppression is a crucial step in seismic data processing. Several techniques, such as f-k filtering and curvelet transform, have been developed to suppress the ground roll. However, the existing methods still require improvements in suppression performance and efficiency. Various studies on the suppression of ground roll in seismic data have recently been conducted using deep learning methods developed for image processing. In this paper, we introduce three models (DnCNN (De-noiseCNN), pix2pix, and CycleGAN), based on convolutional neural network (CNN) or conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN), for ground roll suppression and explain them in detail through numerical examples. Common shot gathers from the same field were divided into training and test datasets to compare the algorithms. We trained the models using the training data and evaluated their performances using the test data. When training these models with field data, ground roll removed data are required; therefore, the ground roll is suppressed by f-k filtering and used as the ground-truth data. To evaluate the performance of the deep learning models and compare the training results, we utilized quantitative indicators such as the correlation coefficient and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) based on the similarity to the ground-truth data. The DnCNN model exhibited the best performance, and we confirmed that other models could also be applied to suppress the ground roll.