• Membrane Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.373-384
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• 2015

In the past few decades, polymeric membrane has played an important role in gas separation applications. For the separation of $CO_2$, one of greenhouse gases, high permselectivity, long-term stability and scale-up are needed. However, conventional polymeric membranes have shown a trade-off relation between permeability and selectivity while inorganic materials are highly permeable but expensive. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) combining the advantages of both polymeric and inorganic materials have become a possible breakthrough for the next-generation gas separation membranes. The MMMs could be either symmetric or asymmetric but the latter is more preferred to improve the permeance. Important factors influencing the MMM fabrication include homogeneous distribution of inorganic particles and good interfacial contact between inorganic filler and organic matrix. Recently, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have received much attention as a new class of porous crystalline materials and a potential candidate for $CO_2$ separation. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), a sub-branch of MOFs, are the most widely used in MMMs due to small particle size and appropriate pore size for $CO_2$ separation. One of the major issues associated with the incorporation of porous particles in a polymeric membrane is to control the microstructure of the porous particle materials such as particle size, orientation, and boundary conditions etc. In this review, major challenges surrounding MMMs and the strategies to tackle these challenges are given in detail.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 1994

Organoanisyltitanium compounds which have chlorine or isopropoxy group as ligand were synthesized and purely isolated. These new compounds were proved to be stable at $0^{\circ}C$ under argon atmosphere for some weeks. They react readily at low temperature with carbonyl compound, especially aldehyde and ketone, to coresponding alcohols. In competition reaction of aldehyde/ketone pair these organotitanium species showed complete aldehyde selectivity.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.705-710
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• 2006

인터넷의 성장과 함께 인터넷 상의 비디오 스트리밍은 콘텐츠 전달에 중요한 수단이 되었다. 기존의 비디오 전송 방식은 사용자 터미널에 하나의 압축된 비디오를 스트리밍하는 것이었으나 최근 다중 뷰 비디오 코딩은 다른 시각 각도에 비디오 스트리밍 서비스를 지원하는 새로운 어플리케이션이 되었다. 따라서 단일 비디오는 다른 초점을 갖는 여러 독립된 비디오 스트림으로 구성되며 이는 더 많은 대역폭을 요구한다. 하지만 시간에 따라 네트워크의 대역폭이 변하는 경우, 계획된 비트율에 따라 콘텐츠의 비트량을 조절하여 양질의 콘텐츠 제공을 보장하기 어렵다. 따라서 트랜스코딩은 가변적인 네트워크의 대역폭에 적응하기 위한 필수적인 처리 단계가 되었다. 본 논문에서는 동시에 다중 비디오의 선택 및 트랜스코딩을 함께 고려하는 최적화 방법을 기반으로 한 스트리밍 다중 뷰 비디오의 최적 적응 프래임워크를 제안한다. 최적화된 비디오 스트림의 집합은 네트워크 대역폭, 트랜스코딩 코스트와 같은 제한을 만족하고 최적의 인지적 화질을 갖도록 선택되거나 트랜스코딩될 수 있으며 이는 MCKP로 모델링될 수 있다. 또한 트랜스코딩시 R-D 커브 상에 최적의 점을 얻기 위해 분리계획법이 적용하며 결과를 비교 분석한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.384-388
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• 2000

일반적으로 흡착분리공정 기술개발은 대략 3단계의 과정을 거치게 되는데 흡착제의 선정, 흡착탑의 거동해석, 연속공정 구성 및 운전으로 이루어진다. 이중 흡착제의 선정은 대상 혼합물에 어떤 흡착제를 사용하여 효율적인 분리 결과를 얻을 수 있는가를 결정하는 기초단계이면서도 가장 중요한 과정이다. 이를 위해 여러 흡착제에 대한 흡착평형량과 이로부터 얻어지는 선택도, 흡착열, 그리고 흡착질과 흡착제 사이의 물질전달저항과 흡착제의 기공 분포도, 기공부피, 기공율, 비표면적, 충전 밀도(Bulk Density), 파쇄 강도 및 마모저항 등과 같은 물리적 특성을 종합적으로 비교 검토하여 흡착제를 선택하여야 한다. (중략)

• Membrane Journal
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.383-389
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• 2023

A high-performance forward osmosis (FO) membrane was prepared using polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel as a support layer. Through the UV-induced polymerization and subsequent phase separation of PEGDA, the crosslinked, hydrophilic, and porous PEGDA suppor layer was obtained. To achieve high FO flux and salt selectivity using the fabricated PEGDA support, a selective layer was synthesized via the toluene-assisted interfacial polymerization (TIP), in which toluene is used as an organic solvent. The prepared PEGDA-based FO membrane showed higher FO water flux and lower salt selectivity compared with commercial HTI membranes using 1.0 M NaCl draw solution and DI water feed solution. We propose the strategy to fabricate high-performance FO membranes utilizing supports formed with new hydrophilic materials and fabrication processes.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.224-228
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• 2014

Recently, the demands for separation/recovery of valuable metals such as nickel or tin from copper based alloys has been attracting much attention from the viewpoints of environmental protection and resource utilization. In this report, experimental results on concentration increasement of nickel and tin compared to the previous report are investigated. Ni is successfully separated by a organic solvent and reduced to the metal powder whose concentration is over 98 %. Sn is separated by a selective solution method and its concentration is increased to 97.5 % by three consecutive solution and reduction process. Crystal structure, surface morphology and microstructure of the separated samples are studied.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 2016

Techniques for selectively separating molecules of gas and liquid states using various separation membranes have been widely used in variety of applications such as chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical industries. As the nanochannel diameter, inter-channel distance and length of the nanochannel of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes can be precisely controlled, various studies to effectively separate mixture of various molecules using AAO membrane have been widely carried out. In this study, we fabricated AAO membranes of cylindrical nanochannels of various diameter sizes and of through-hole structure, that is, nanochannels of which both ends of each nanochannel are open. Using those AAO membranes of through-hole nanochannel structure, we studied the selective permeation polymer chains dissolved in a solvent based on hydraulic volume of the polymer chains. We found a precise, quantitative relationship between the radius of gyration of polymer chains that permeated through nanochannels inside AAO membrane and the diameter of nanochannels. In addition, we demonstrate that the behavior of the polymer solution flowing through nanochannel of the AAO membrane can be successfully described with the Hagen-Poiseuille relationship. It is, therefore, possible to theoretically interpret the nanoflow of the solution flowing inside the cylindrical nanochannel.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.185-207
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• 2006

Predominant explanations of the persistence of sex segregation ill occupations link job choices to profoundly gendered responses to childbearing and other family demands, arguing that women are more likely to seek jobs which are in some sense compatible with motherhood, either because they are family friendly (flexible, low intensity work) or because they are easy to exit and re-enter. In this paper, I examine the effect of occupational sex segregation on job exits into the labor market among women, with a special attention to the role of childbearing and child rearing. I use data from detailed employment histories gathered from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) in continuous time event history models. My results indicate that women in female dominated jobs are less likely to exit their jobs than women in other types of occupations. Further this relationship is not shaped by motherhood. While mothers or pregnant women are more likely to leave work, mothers in female-dominated occupations are slightly less likely to leave employment than mothers in other occupations. These results are not consistent with the ideas that women's choice of female-dominated occupations expresses a gendered identity and women strategically seek jobs which accommodate maternal roles. Taken together, my findings do not provide support to the idea that women choose female-dominated occupations because they are easier to integrate with motherhood (except for the pregnancy period).

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.865-868
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• 2011

An organic substance, hydroquinone is used to form clathrate compounds in order to identify separation characteristics of carbon dioxide in flue gas. Formed samples were analyzed by means of the solid-state $^{13}C$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopic methods to examine enclthration behaviors of guest species. In addition, elemnetal analysis was also performed in order to evaluate separation efficiency of $CO_2$ in a quantitative way. Based on the experimental results obtained, $CO_2$ molecules are found to be captured into the clathrate compound more readily than $N_2$ molecules. Moreover, because such preferential enclathration is even more significant at low pressure conditions, $CO_2$ separation/recovery from flue gas can be achieved with minimizing additional energy cost for the technique. Experimental results obtained in this study can provide useful information on separation techniques of flue gas or selective separation of gas mixtures in the future.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.24-25
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• 1994

고분자 분리막을 통한 메탄과 이산화탄소의 분리는 천연가스에서 불순물로 작용하는 이산화탄소를 분리시켜 천연가스의 순도를 향상시키는데 활용할 수 있으며, 바이오가스나 제철소 폐가스로부터의 이산화탄소의 분리, enhanced oil revovery 공정에서의 이산화탄소의 분리, 그리고 지구 온난화의 원인이 되는 대기중의 이산화탄소 농도의 감소등에서 활용될수 있다. 이러한 분리막 공정은 여러 혼합기체에 대해 단순하고 간편하며 에너지 소비가 적다는 장점에 의해 기체분리에 효과적이고 응용성있는 공정으로 대두되고 있는데, 그 중에서도 분리막의 투과도(Permeability)와 선택도(Selectivity)를 동시에 높일수 있는 새로운 막재료의 개발에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이를 위해 고분자 구조를 화학적으로 변화시키는데, 이 경우에는 고분자의 구조 변화와 투과특성간의 관계를 밝히는 것이 매우 중요하다.