• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.150-156
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• 2012

Purpose: The main purposes of this study were to assess maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) of the expectant mothers of a fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) and to identify factors associated with MFA. Methods: The methodology was a cross sectional survey study using a self-administered questionnaire. Thirty pregnant women carrying a fetus with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD and 30 pregnant women with a normal fetus were enrolled in this study. The MFA Scale and PPS (The Prenatal Psychosocial Profile) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 Window version. Descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test and t-test were used to compare the two groups. The factors associated with MFA were identified by multiple regression analysis. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in MFA and social support from spouse was the only variable showing a significant difference. The model from the multiple regression analysis explained 33.8% of MFA for both groups. Conclusion: MFA of expectant mothers with a prenatal diagnosis of CHD and of mothers with a normal fetus were not significantly different. It is important that health care providers encourage expectant fathers to support the expectant mothers to increase MFA.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.395-398
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• 2011

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a disorder characterized by sinus node dysfunction. Although the condition is most common in the elderly, it can occur in children including neonates and its recognition and treatment are important. The diagnosis of SSS is based on the presence of sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest or exit block, combinations of sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction disturbances, and atrial tachyarrhythmias documented in the Holter recordings. In most children with SSS, previous history of congenital heart malformation or cardiac surgery is noted. SSS is also seen in the children including neonates without heart disease or other contributing factors, however SSS is most often idiopathic. The treatment of SSS depends on the basic rhythm problem, but generally involves the placement of a cardiac pacemaker. We report a case of SSS in extremely low birth weight infant without congenital heart disease and suggest that the treatment system is necessary for preterm infants with SSS.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.451-460
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• 2001

Congenital heart disease is now estimated to be the most prevalent chronic illness in children. The overall purpose of study is to enhance our understanding of mother's perception of family stress, perceived social support, and coping who has a child newly diagnosed with congenital heart disease. In this investigation, the relationship between family stress, perceived social support, and coping within the context of a acute, non life- threatening chronic illness in the situation of newly diagnosed as Rolland's typology of chronic illness. The study employed data from a subset of a large longitudinal study, children's chronic illness: parents and family adaptation conducted by M. McCubbin (5 R29 NR02563) which was funded by the NIH. The subject for this study were 92 mothers who have a child under age 12 who was newly diagnosed with congenital heart disease within the last 3-4 months. Results form correlational and regression analysis revealed that perceived social support operated as a resiliency factor between family stress and coping of mothers. Child and family characteristics appeared to be important predictors of perceived social support and mother's coping. Therefore, the findings provide an incremental contribution to the explanation of effects for perceived social support and may challenge resiliency model in previous literature. Further, these findings suggest that perceived social support and coping are both influencing in the resiliency of relatively high risk groups of families who has a child with congenital heart disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.770-779
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• 1997

From Feb. 1985 to Aug. 1996, 450 patients underwent open heart surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. In 450 cases of open heart surgery, 222 cases(49.3%) were congenital heart diseases and 228 cases(5 .7%) were acquired heart diseases. In 222 cases of congenital heart diseases, there were 201 cases of acyanotic heart disease and 21 cases of cyanotic heart diseases. Among the 228 cases of acquired heart diseases, most cases were valvular heart diseases in which 206 valves were implanted. There were 32 cases of ischemic heart disease and the average graft anastomoses were 2.37 sites per operation. The operative mortality of congenital and acquired disease was 9.0% and 10.l% respectively and then overall mortality rate was 9.6% .

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2000

Background: Echocardiography is rapidly establishing itself as the primary diagnostic technique for investigation of children with heart diseases, and referrals are increasing to the pediatric cardiology clinic for investigation. However, because there is a lack of analyzed data on the patients referred to the pediatric cardiology clinics, we have proceeded to compare and analyze their characteristics to provide basic data base. Methods: From Oct. 1, 1998 to Jul. 10, 1999, total 443 cases referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic of Yeungnam University Hospital were studied retrospectively by medical records, chest X-ray, EKG and echocardiography, etc. Results: The results were as follows. 1. The proportion of male was 61.0%(261 cases) and that of female was 39.0%(67 cases). The ratio of male to female was 1.6:1. The proportion infants less than 1 year-old was 62.6% (26R cases) of all patients. 2. Cardiac murmur was present in 248 cases(57.9%), which was the most common case of referral ed to the pediatric cardiology clinic. The impression at referral was more congenital heart disease(70.6%) than acquired heart disease(17.8%) and arrhythmia01.6%). 3. The final diagnosis was as follows : congenital heart disease was present in 212 cases(49.5%), acquired heart disease, 59 cases(13.9%); arrhythmia. 13 cases(3.0%); normal heart. 144 cases(33.6%). Conclusion: Among the patients referred to pediatric cardiology clinic, 33.6%(144 cases) had normal hearts and why these patients were referred may be possibly due to more dependence on echocardiography than on auscultation instruction. Therefore, clinical and auscultatory skill should be emphasized to minimize dependence on expensive echocardiography for evaluation of pediatric heart disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.937-945
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• 2006

The population of adult patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) has increased dramatically because of improved survival of infants and children with CHD. There are still a substantial number of adults with unrepaired CHD. Many adult patients do not know the possible problems of their disease such as ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmia, and what they should pay attention to. They often consider themselves "cured" or "healthy" if only they don't have overt symptoms, and visit hospitals only after deterioration of their problems. Some patients are neglected because they cannot be corrected surgically although careful medical support can improve their survival and quality of life. It is, therefore, essential that the patients, their families, and physicians understand the potential problems of CHD and need for regular follow-up. In this paper we will take a brief review for common medical problems of repaired or unrepaired CHD and also mention a few specific diseases which are common in adults.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 1984

From Jan. 1962 to Aug. 1983, one hundred patients with cyanotic heart disease underwent various palliative operations at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, S.N.U.H. In the period from Jan. 1962 to Dec. 1973, in which the open heart surgery was not routinely performed, sixty-two operations including 2 cases of second shunt operation were performed in sixty patients, and all of them were tetralogy of Fallot except three cases. Various palliative procedures such as Glenn, Brock, Waterston and Blalock-Taussing operation were used in this period with overall mortality rate of 16%. In the period from Jan. 1980 to Aug. 1983, forty patients with cyanotic heart disease were operated and majority of them was complex anomalies. Only Blalock-Taussing operation was used in this period with a mortality rate of 20%. These two groups of patients were compared according to age, diagnosis and results of operations, and it appears that Blalock-Taussing operation is effective palliation for patients with cyanotic heart disease, especially with complex anomaly, with an acceptable mortality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.24-35
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• 1985

Between January 1980 and July 1984, 321 cases of open heart surgery for infants or small children under 10Kg of body weight were performed, which occupied the great part of total open heart surgery done in the same period. The mean age was 16.58.7 months [ranging from 2 days to 51 months], and the mean body weight was 7.8a1.8Kg [from 2.8 to 10Kg] which was below the third percentile compared with the mean age. The technique of deep hypothermia with total circulatory arrest, which contributed to great improvement in operative condition, was used increasingly and widespreadly in this period. For each anomaly, the number of patients and operative deaths were as follows: VSD, 11 of 184 [6.0%]; TOF, 8 of 47 [17.8%]; TGA, 13 of 30 [43.3%]; ASD, none of 9; TAPVR, 1 of 8 [12.7%]; C-ECD, 3 of 6 [50%]; Tricuspid Atresia, 4 of 5 [80%]; Pulmonary Atresia, 2 of 4 [50%]; Congenital Mitral Anomaly, 1 of 3 [33.3%]; P-ECD, none of 3

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.93-96
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• 2010

A 47-year-old male patient in whom atrial septal defect (ASD) had been diagnosed 15 years previously was admitted for cardiac catheterization. He had definite cyanotic lips and nail beds and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). He had received medical treatment only for the last few years after being diagnosed with Eisenmenger syndrome. After cardiac catheterization, he received iloprost inhalation therapy pre and postoperation and was discharged after successful surgical closure of the ASD.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.298-301
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• 2007

Chylothorax is a rare complication following cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases. Although conservative management is successful in the majority of cases, surgical intervention is required in a refractory one. Recently, subcutaneous or intravenous infusion of octreotide has been used as a safe treatment that helps avoiding surgical intervention. Herein, we report two cases of postoperative chylothorax treated with parenteral octreotide and conservative therapy.