• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.32-39
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• 2014

To ensure the reliability of the safety system so that handing large quantities of hazardous materials in chemical plant is considered basic information in chemical process design. However, the reliability of the production system may be reduced when the reliability of the safety system emphasized in order to ensure the safety of chemical process. It is necessary to balance the reliability of the production system and reliability of the safety. In this study, a quantitative risk assessment was performed by selecting the furnace process, which is widely used in the chemical plant in order to suggest a way to ensure the safety and productivity of chemical process, based on the quantitative data. Quantitative risk assessment methodology have been used directed graph analysis methodology. It is possible to evaluate the reliability of the safety system and the production system. In this study, the optimum system design requirement to improve the safety and the productivity of the furnace is two-out-of-three logic for TT and PT.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to extract and evaluate the factors to improve the quality of shipping logistics platform suggested as an alternative to the stagnant shipping logistics industry. For this, we selected factors through previous research and expert interviews, and conducted surveys on carriers, forwarders, shippers, and platform operators with experience using shipping logistics platforms. As a method of analysis, quality evaluation of the shipping logistics platform was conducted using IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis). The results of this study are as follows "Competitiveness of services provided", "Connectivity with other transportation mode", "Competitiveness of freight", "Transparency of freight", and "Stability of booking space". For the shipping logistics platform to be activated in the future, priority should be given to focusing on these factors. This study has academic significance for establishing configuration function of shipping logistics platform and deriving evaluation factor. Additionally it is an industrial significance for suggesting strategies to improve users' participation in the shipping logistics platform.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.154-159
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• 2011

To evaluate the radiation exposure of workers participating in task where high radiation exposure is expected, two-dosimeter is typically provided radiation workers, one on the chest and the other on the back, at Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs). In a previous study, the NCRP (55:50) algorithm was selected as the optimal two-dosimeter algorithm (TDA) with various field tests and this TDA has been applied to all Korean NPPs since 2006. In 2007, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) published the new ICRP recommendation, ICRP 103, which provides the revised weighting factors for both radiation and tissues and the new reference phantom. In this study, the applicability of current NCRP (55:50) algorithm at Korean NPPs for ICRP 103 was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the NCRP (55:50) algorithm is still effective to estimate the effective dose of workers under ICRP 103.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 2015

This study is aimed at deducting the evaluation standard of the walking tour trail and evaluating the real condition of trail facilities and operation & management. On the basis of the research on the walking tour, this study deducted the evaluation index of the trail facilities and administrative control, and divided it into visit resources, visit facilities and trail operation-management. This study selected the course of high use satisfaction among the Ganghwa Nadeul-gil section, and evaluated the real condition of Ganghwa Nadeul-gil trail by classifying the route as nature-oriented trail and culture-oriented trail. In case of nature-oriented trail, it's necessary to discover living culture resources of the village linked with the trail, and to develop amenities using bus stations and supermarket. In case of culture-oriented trail, it's required that economic regeneration plan should be arranged using the declining facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.414-414
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• 2019

농업으로부터의 비점오염은 지표수와 지하수 모두의 수질에 영향을 미친다. 특히, 비료, 퇴비, 농약 등의 인공적 질소가 살포된 토양은 강우시 화학 침출로 인한 수질오염이 발생되고 있다. 강우시 강우유출수와 함께 지표 수역으로 흘러들어오는 영양물질(질소, 인)은 저수지로 유입되어 침수시 작물이 죽게 되어 저수지의 부영양화 등의 수질 오염문제를 야기시킨다. 국내에서는 홍수조절용지에서의 영농활동의 전면 금지하고 있는 실정이지만, 불법적으로 경작활동이 진행되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 다목적댐 홍수조절지 내 경작지 토양 및 양분 특성 평가를 수행하였다. 홍수조절지 내 경작지 토양 특성 및 양분 조사를 위하여 경작이 집중적으로 이루어지고 있는 대청호 지역을 모니터링 지점으로 선정하였다. 모니터링은 경작지 내 토양 시료 및 주변 토양을 채취하여 분석을 수행하였다. 채취한 토양은 토양표준분석법(농촌진흥청, 2012) 및 농업토양분석방법(국립산림과학원, 2014) 기준을 바탕으로 물리 화학적 분석을 수행하였다. 모니터링은 2018년 5월부터 수행되었으며 현재까지 월 1회씩 모니터링을 진행하고 있다. 연구 결과, 밭 경작지 토양은 논에 비해 실트질 함량이 절반으로 침투성이 높은 토양으로 분석되었으며, 영양염류의 침투를 통한 이동 가능(기저유출)이 높게 나타나는 것으로 조사되었다. 이는 중간유출 및 기저유출 저감방안 도입이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다. 작물별 토양 양분분석 결과 고추, 마늘, 담배 경작지에서 화학비료사용량이 타 작물에 비해 높은 것을 분석되었으며, 경작지에 화학비료 및 퇴비의 과다 사용으로 염류농도가 증가할 경우 전기전도도가 높아지며 토양의 삼투압을 증가시켜 물의 흡수와 각종 양분 흡수를 방해하는 것으로 평가되었다. 인의 존재 형태별 비교시 대부분의 경작지에서 높은 값을 보였으며, 특히 경작지 토양의 Residual-P의 농도가 원지반 보다 2~5배 정도 높게 나타났다. 이러한 원인은 퇴비의 사용으로 인한 Residual-P의 누적으로 평가되며, 환경변화에 따라 수층으로 인의 용출이 쉽게 발생하므로 향후 수질에 미치는 영향이 더 클 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.79-79
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• 2021

기상학적 측면에서 강수 부족으로 인한 수생태환경(하천), 호소환경(저수지) 및 유역환경(중권역)으로 미치는 환경학적 가뭄의 영향을 평가하기 위한 시도는 매우 중요하다. 만약 동일한 규모의 강수부족 현상이 발생할지라도, 환경적 측면에서의 수질 및 수생태에 미치는 영향이 매우 큰 유역이 있고, 반면 어느 정도의 복원력을 유지할 수 있는 유역이 있을 것이다. 즉, 서로 다른 유역환경에 따라 가뭄으로 인한 환경적 영향은 달라질 가능성이 크며, 이처럼 환경적 가뭄에 취약한 지역을 위해서는 지속적인 환경가뭄 모니터링이 중요하다. 환경적 측면에서 가뭄의 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 다양한 수질 관련 항목을 연계한 환경가뭄 감시가 중요하며, 이와 더불어 가뭄과 관련한 다양한 이해관계자 간의 효율적인 의사결정 도구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 시나리오 정보를 제공할 수 있는 베이지안 네트워크 모형을 적용하여 환경가뭄 민감도 평가 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 본 모형에서는 수질 문제가 가장 심하게 대두되고 있는 낙동강 유역을 대상으로, 기상학적 가뭄에 의한 수생태 및 환경 관련 변수들(BOD, T-P, TOC)의 복잡한 상호의존성을 파악할 수 있는 베이지안 네트워크 모형을 활용하였다. 또한, 기상학적 가뭄에 의한 상류와 하류 간의 환경적 영향을 연계하여 해석하기 위한 모형을 구축하였다. 그 결과, 기상학적 가뭄으로 인한 환경적 민감도가 크게 나타나는 중권역(예: 임하댐유역)과 이와 반대인 중권역(예: 병성천유역)의 구분이 가능하였다. 또한, 상류에서 발생한 심한 기상학적 가뭄이 하류 지역 내 환경적인 영향을 지속할 가능성이 있음을 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 환경적 가뭄의 취약지역을 우선 선정하고, 나아가 상-하류 간의 환경적 가뭄을 감시하는 데 있어 활용도가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.285-285
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• 2022

기후변화가 현실화되면서 수자원평가 (Water Resources Assessment)에 대한 관심과 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 '주민공감 문제기획리빙랩' 대상지인 순천은 동천을 중심으로 홍수량을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 순천시의 가장 시급한 사안 중 하나인 범람 및 침수 문제로, 최근 3년(2018~2020)간의 집중호우로 인한 내수배제로 주택 및 도로침수, 산사태 등의 피해를 겪었다. 시기마다 고질적으로 반복되는 동천 인근 지역의 침수문제를 사전에 예방하고 피해의 빈도나 규모를 줄이기 위하여 분석을 수행하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 환경부의 지원을 받아 한강홍수통제소와 한국건설기술연구원이 공동으로 개발한 동적수자원평가모형(DWAT, Dynamic Water Resources Assessment Tool)을 이용하여 정량적으로 홍수량 산정을 하고자 한다. 본 모형은 전 세계가 무료로 이용할 수 있는 수자원평가도구로 사용자의 편의를 위해 GIS전처리 기능을 포함하고 있어, 자동으로 유역 매개변수 및 면적 평균강우량을 Thiessen method를 사용하여 산정할 수 있다. 또한, 물의 순환과정을 투수 및 불투수지역으로 구분되며, 투수지역은 1개의 토양층과 1개의 불압대수층으로 구성되고, 유출기여역과 함양역으로 유역을 분할하여 적용할 수 있으며, 대수층을 통하여 지하수의 흐름을 산정할 수 있다. 기상청에서 제공하는 기상자료를 분석하여 과거 관측 강우사상 3개를 선정하여 검·보정을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 모형 효율계수(Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency) 및 결정계수(Coefficient of Determination)가 0.78~0.94, 0.82~0.94로 우수한 모의 결과를 산정할 수 있었다. 빈도별 확률강우량을 Huff 4분위법을 사용하여 확률홍수량을 산정하였다. 미래 홍수량 증감량 산정을 위하여 RCP(Representative Concentration Pathways) 기후변화 시나리오를 사용하였다. 관측값과 모의값의 누적확률분포 이용하여 모의값의 확률분포를 관측값의 확률분포에 사상시키는 방법인 분위사상법(Quantile Mapping)을 사용하여 시나리오자료를 보정하였다. 본 연구에서 산정한 홍수량을 바탕으로 침수피해를 막기 위한 구조적 및 비구조적 방안을 위한 기초자료로 사용될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.389-406
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• 2023

The research area, located in the northern coastal region of South Korea's West Sea, involves three bird habitats. Among these are two newly established habitats in Songdo International Business District, created by filling and developing tidal flats that were previously utilized as stopover sites for migratory birds. One of these areas showed decrease (Residual tidal flats, site.1) while the other showed increase (Artificial lake, site.2) in bird influx. The third habitat (Namdong reservoir, site.3) is a pre-existing stable habitat which has been maintained as a stable habitat. This study conducts an assessment of habitats based on avian population clusters and environmental surveys and proposes habitat management measures. A survey of bird populations and habitat environments was conducted for a total of 39 occasions from January to December 2022. The observed bird species totaled 14 families and 48 species with 20,760 individuals. Compared to the existing habitats, the newly established habitats showed relatively lower influx of bird species and individuals. During the habitat assessment, the newly established habitats were rated as I to II grade, while the existing habitat was rated as relatively high III grade on the grading assessment of the tidal flat. An analysis of habitat types revealed that the existing habitat, in which diverse strategies for habitat type diversity and mitigating anthropogenic interference were demonstrated, attracted a diverse range of bird species. Through this research, it was deduced that the diversity of habitat types plays a significant role in attracting various bird species. Upon evaluation of habitat types concerning the habitat characteristics of the bird species selected for habitat management, as habitat management measures, it is deemed that the creation of shielded green areas (referred to as 'buffer green') to minimize interference from the surroundings, the establishment of reed fields (site.1, 2) positively correlated with reservoirs, and the improvement of sandbanks (site.1) positively associated with tidal flats, the two relations which we drew from correlation analysis between occurrence species and habitat types, would contribute to the future restoration and maintenance of stable habitats. The results of this study can be applied not only to the study area but also to other development zones, such as coastal reclamation sites, which share similar geographical and environmental characteristics, including arrival sites for migratory birds.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.585-597
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze science subject items in the first screening stage of the elementary school teacher employment examination based on pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and provide suggestions for improving the items. For this purpose, an analysis framework to analyze the items was developed and a total of 14 unit items between academic years of 2013 and 2019 were analyzed according to the analysis framework. The analysis of the results reveal that 'subject matter knowledge' of the five PCK components was most frequently included in the items. 'Instructional strategies and instruction for science education' was also frequently included although less than that of the previous component. However, 'assessment in science education', 'students', and 'curriculum for science education' were a little included. There were also assessment domains and contents which were not involved in the items. In the aspects of integration, the integrations between two components of two types were frequently found. No integrations were also frequently included although less than the previous category. The integrations among three or four components were also slightly found. Integrations among five components were not found. 'Subject matter knowledge' or 'instructional strategies and instruction for science education' with other components were more frequently found. However, the integrations of 'assessment in science education', 'students', and 'curriculum for science education' with the other components were less frequently found. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2004

New design method has been required for web designers to grasp the proper emotion, impression, and feeling of a web site and reflect these elements in web design. It is certain that such a new methodology can be a useful design tool, although web designers have only relied on their intuition and experience to induce users to perceive specific emotion of web sites. In this study, Kansei Engineering Type Ⅰ (Nagamachi, 2002 and Park, 2000) method was applied to develop the methodology. One hundred thirty six web sites believed to convey emotions effectively were first selected by recommendation of professional web designers and twenty two web sites were finally chosen and evaluated using questionnaire. The web sites were then objectively and quantitatively assessed by measuring the degree of utilization of the design elements, balance, overall density, and homogeneity. We examined the cause-and-effect between the results of emotional and quantitative analysis by multiple regression and introduced the design methodology based on the examination. The research method and procedures applied to this study would be applicable to design studies related to the emotional inducement.