• Title/Summary/Keyword: 생태습지

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An Analysis of Hydrological and Ecological Characteristics of River Wetlands -Case Study of Wangjin District in Geumgang River- (하천습지의 수문생태적 특성 분석 -금강 왕진지구를 사례로-)

  • SeungWon Hong;MiOk Park;BonHak Koo
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.315-325
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    • 2023
  • This study analyzed the disturbance process of river wetlands based on modern and contemporary maps and aerial photographs, and analyzed land cover and NDVI changes in the hydro-ecological impact zone around the Wangjin District. A stable sandbar was formed near Wangjinnaru and was naturally connected to the agricultural land within inland, but after the sandbar and river wetland were destroyed due to heavy floods, embankment construction, land readjustment, and comprehensive river management, artificial replaced wetlands and ecological parks were created, and sandbars in the form of river island were restored again. The change in land cover in the hydro-ecological impact zone showed that rice paddies and fields in agricultural areas decreased from 36.3% in 2013 to 22.9% in 2022, with the largest change in area to 814,476m2. It was confirmed that the land cover was undergoing vegetation over time. Since the vegetation condition is good, a healthy food chain is formed in the waterfront ecosystem, which can be expected to be biodiversity-positive. Summarizing seasonal changes in the vegetation index, the overall change in the vegetation index was the largest in spring (March), followed by summer (June), and the change in autumn (September) was the smallest except for water. By land use, the overall vegetation index (NDVI) increased, including 39.1% improvement in alternative wetlands, 38.2% improvement in load, 44.3% improvement in ecological parks, 35.6% improvement in agricultural areas, and -8.1% decrease in water.

Landscape Ecological Characteristics of Habitat of Nannophya pygmaea Rambur (Libellulidae, Odonata), an Endangered Species for Conservation (멸종위기종 꼬마잠자리 보전을 위한 묵논 서식처의 경관생태 및 환경 특성)

  • Cho, Kyu-Tae;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Kim, Hae-Ran;Jeong, Heon-Mo;Lee, Kyung-Mi;Kang, Tay-Gyoon;You, Young-Han
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.667-674
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to understand landscape ecological characteristics on habitats of Nannophya pygmaea, an endangered species in South Korea. The ecological characteristics of the habitats were investigated in abandoned paddy fields where N. pygmaea populations have been found in Chungcheongnam-do Kongju, Gyeonggi-do Kwangju and Gyeongsangbuk-do Mungyeong from 2009 to 2010. We surveyed the dominant vegetation, areas, water depth and temperature, and plant height and coverage to compare the wetlands living N. pygmaea and not living N. pygmaea. As a result, habitats of N. pygmaea in all regions were dominated by Salix koreensis community. There is no signigicant difference in the water temperature, plant height and coverage among wetlands of the three different sites, but depth was varied within 2.5~9.5cm. The water depth of habitat was deeper in Gongju than the others. Percentage of open water was 1.7~6% in the wetlands living N. pygmaea. but it did not appear in the wetlands not living N. pygmaea. Therefore, the ecological characteristics of wetlands as abandoned paddy fields should be taken into account for N. pygmaea habitat conservation and restoration.

Evaluation of Removal Efficiency of Pollutants in Constructed Wetlands for Controlling Nonpoint Sources in the Daechung Reservoir Watershed (대청호 유역 비점오염원 제어를 위한 생태습지의 오염물질 제거효율 평가)

  • Pyeol-Nim Park;Young-Cheol Cho
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.127-139
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    • 2023
  • Daechung Reservoir has been suffering from severe cyanobacterial blooming periodically due to the water pollutants from the watershed, especially nutrients from nonpoint sources. As a countermeasure, an artificial wetland was constructed to mitigate the pollutant load from the watershed by utilizing the vegetation. We investigated the water quality of the influent and outflow of the wetland during years 2014~2020 to evaluate the performance of pollutant removal through the wetland. Major pollutants (e.g. BOD, COD, SS, T-N, and T-P) were largely reduced during the retention in the wetland while nutrients removal was more efficient than that of organic matters. Pollutant removal efficiency for different inflow concentrations was also investigated to estimate the wetland's capability as a way of managing nonpoint sources. The efficiency of water treatment was significantly higher when inflow concentrations were above 75th percentile for all pollutant, implying the wetland can be applied to the pre-treatment of high pollution load including initial rainfall runoff. Furthermore, the yearly variation of removal efficiency for seven years was analyzed to better understand long-term trends in water treatment of the wetland. The annual treatment efficiency of T-P was very high in the early stages of vegetation growth with high concentration of inflow water. However, it was confirmed that the concentration of inflow water decreased, vegetation stabilized, and the treatment efficiency gradually decreased as the soil was saturated. The findings of the study suggest that artificial wetlands can be an effective method for controlling harmful algal blooms by alleviating pollutant load from the tributaries of Daechung Reservoir.

Using GIS to Estimate Estuarine Wetlands in Three Major Estuaries and to Quantify Wetland Changes over the Last Century (GIS를 활용한 하구의 습지추정 및 변화추이 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Rho, Paikho;Lee, Chang-Hee
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2007
  • Estuarine wetland, where freshwater meets saltwater, is a transitional ecosystem that is valuable ecologically for a variety of reasons, such as feeding and breeding sites for birds, fish, and wildlife. However, research on the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of estuarine wetlands in Korea is rare. As a fundamental basis for wetland conservation, this study quantified the wetlands in three major estuaries, and evaluated the temporal dynamics of the wetlands since the 1910s. In particular, this study classified the wetland types into mud flat, sand, and emergent-plant types, and estimated the change of each wetland type, using topographic maps produced in the 1910s, 1970s, and 2000s. The wetlands in both the Han and Youngsan River estuaries have declined since the 1910s, but the rate of wetland decline was relatively low before the 1970s, compared to that since the 1970s. The impact of human activities, such as the Youngsan Watershed Comprehensive Development Project and the construction of estuary barrages, has disrupted the estuary cycles and destroyed huge amounts of wetland in the Youngsan estuary. By contrast, estuarine wetlands have been preserved in the small Gahwa estuary, and provide a variety of habitats for plants and wildlife. A special management strategy for wetlands should be established as soon as possible.

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Classification of Unit Ecosystems in Damyang Riverine Wetland (담양 하천습지 내 단위 생태계의 분류)

  • Son, Myoung Won;Chang, Mun Gi;Yoon, Kwang Sung;Choi, Tae Bong
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2013
  • Damyang Wetland Reserve with $980,575m^2$ area is located in Damyang-gun, Jeonlanam-do and Buk-gu, Gwangju Metropolitan City. The purpose of this paper is to divide Damyang riverine wetland into several geomorphic units, to analyze their sediments, and to categorize small ecosystem units composing riverine wetland. Riverine wetlands are classified into three types such as riverbed-, floodplain-, and abandoned-channel-wetland, and Damyang riverine wetland belongs to riverbed-wetland type. In this paper to categorize small geomorphic units of riverine wetland, we divide small geomorphic units from aircraft images analysis, and modify and supplement them following field survey results. Damyang Wetland Reserve is categorized into 22 ecosystem units. That physical and chemical properties of their sediments are different spatially, implicate that inorganic environment of Damyang riverine wetland ecosystem is very extensive. On the basis of the results of this study, policymakers will be able to design a strategy which manage Damyang Riverine Wetland Reserve more effectively, and for them interdisciplinary researches on relationships between various fluvial landforms and various lifeforms inhabiting them in Damyang Riverine Wetland Reserve are required.

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Ecological Guidelines for Creation of Eco-washland (생태 천변저류지의 생태학적 조성계획기준)

  • Chun, Seung-Hoon;Choi, Jun-Gil;Yoo, Jeong-Chil
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.39-47
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    • 2008
  • An eco-washland is increasingly getting attentions as a new alternative plan for management of water resources because of role as flooding control and ecological park without social and ecological side effects. However, there is a lack of study regarding technological development and ecological guidelines to create eco-washland. This study was carried out to suggest ecological guidelines necessary for engineering process to create eco-washland. A study site was the lower reach of Seokjang stream connecting to Yimjin river, a candidate of new eco-washland, and Kumsa area in Namhan river was selected as a reference site. The analysis of ecological characteristics focused on vegetation, fishes, and birds. Major vegetation communities, composed of dominant species such as Salix koreensis, Salix gracylistyla, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Phragmites communis, etc., formed physical conditions along with other land uses including open water, sandbar, cultivated land, etc. Dominant species of fishes were some species belonging to Cyprinidae and Acheilognathinae, and in case of birds Anser albifrons, Anas platyrhychos, Anas poecilorhyncha belonging to waterbirds and Paradoxornis webbinanus dependent to forest edge were dominantly distributed. The results showed that complex wetland types associated with partially deep water and upland was the optimal eco-hydrological condition of washland. Cyprinidae and Acheilognathinae in case of fish and Egretta spp. (spring season) and Anas spp. (winter season) in case of bird were selected as target species for the these wetland types. Finally, a detail planning criteria to create habitats of these target species were discussed in terms of spawning, breeding, feeding, resting, refuge, nesting, etc.

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Ecological Characteristics of Sphagnum fens in Mt. Odae : I. Sowhangbyungsan-neup (오대산 물이끼 이탄습지의 생태특성: I. 소황병산늪)

  • Kim, Jae-Geun
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.15-27
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    • 2009
  • To reveal conservation value of Sowhangbyungsan-neup among wetlands in Mt. Odae designated as a Ramsar convention site in 2008, ecological characteristics were investigated. The maximum depth of sediment was 86cm and average at central part was 56cm. Average pH of water was 5.8 and this indicates that this wetland has the characteristics between bog and fen. Average electron conductivity was $11{\mu}S$/cm, which is the lowest among Korean wetlands. Nutrient status was oligotrophic based on contents of cation, nitrate, ammonia, soluble reactive phosphorus in water. Out-flow of water was related with the 3 day cumulative precipitation. Soil texture was loam and nutrient level was very low. Vascular plants of 45 family, 95 genus, 121 species, 2 subspecies, 16 variety, 4 forma, total 121 taxa were recorded. Main plant communities on Sphagnum base were Osmunda cinnamomea community, Carex dispalata community and Carex curta community. The results indicated that this wetland has very different ecological characteristics than others in Korea and deserves conservation value well. Also, this study revealed that there is no evident threatening factor and this wetland will have characteristics of fen continuously in near future.

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