• The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction (JLCCI)
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-33
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• 2019

Ostrom's commons theory is based on the erroneous premise that differences in the resource management method originate from the physical attributes of resources such as subtractability and non-excludability. Thus, the theory fails to explain that the same resource may become private goods and toll goods, or common pool resources and public goods depending on the social conditions. Commons must be defined not by physical attributes but by social ones. In this study, rivalry and legitimacy of monopoly are presented as the criteria for resource classification instead of subtractability and non-excludability. Moreover, it was found through sea fields management in Jeju that legitimacy of monopoly is evaluated by the golden rule, more specifically the principle of fairness and respect for human life.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2004

A systemic approach to behavior on the basis of human psychology is needed for behavior-centered space design. Also, the recognition that human and environment, in all, have complementarity is needed- human and space shall be understood as a general phenomenon, supposing interaction. Design of behavior-oriented space means configuration and coordination of physical subjects as well as understanding, analysis and reflection of psychological and behavioral phenomena. It is analysis of a private individual as well as understanding of interaction between human groups, as well. In respect of space recognition, analysis not on material movement but on energy circulation and variable is important. It means that the understanding of user's behavior and psychology does not orient reasonable purpose just for convenience. That is, such understanding intends to understand behavioral patterns and psychological phenomena between space and human beyond the decomposition of structure of human and space into physical elements and the design based on standardized data. Thereby, more human-oriented space design might be implemented by the understanding of behavioral essence. Also, a user-centered design process from another viewpoint might be created, and the general amenity among man, space and environment - better environmental quality - might be produced. For this, the consciousness of human activity that is, activity system shall be ahead of it, and the approaches for design shall be implemented into a process not in predictive ideas but in semi-scientific system. On the basis of the above view, this study was attempted to investigate the orientation of design to recognize space as another life, and explore a process where it is drawn into a design language on the basis of human behavior. If the essence of space behavior and the activity system are analyzed through user observation and it is reflected upon a space design program and then developed into a formative language, a new design process on human and environment might be produced. In conclusion, the reflection of user's behavior and psychology into design, contrary to existing public space design based on physical data, can orient quality improvement of human life and ultimately be helpful to the proposition, 'humanization of space'.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.35
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• pp.109-145
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• 2020

Jeungsan, Kang Il-Sun (hereafter, Jeungsan)'s perspective on divine beings can be characterized by the philosophical notion of divinity, which recognizes a variety of divine entities. Jeungsan insisted that all things embrace divine entities. Furthermore, he claimed that the backgrounds of all incidents were influenced by these gods. Jeungsan thought that the universe consists of the heavenly realm, the earthly realm and the underground realm. He insisted that there were many gods in each realm. And Jeungsan defined his times as the era of divine beings, which meant that the age was a time for divine beings to actively interact with one another and take the lead in world affairs. Divine beings were briskly involved in human affairs and could either reciprocate gratitude or attain revenge. They were also divine beings that could change the acts and perception of humans as well as judge human acts. However, Jeungsan predicted that by the time the paradisiacal land of immortals was established in the Later World, divine beings would instead run errands for humans. In addition, he forecast that divine beings would be entities likely to harbor grievances just like humans, yet they would ultimately become perfected beings in the Later World. Jeungsan further suggested a multitude of various concepts such as the mutual relationship wherein the realm of divine beings and the realm of humanity interrelate with each other, the mutual responses and functions between them, mutual itineration, co-existence, and the homogeneity of divine beings and humans, which described how both have the same innate characteristics. Jeungsan proposed the concept that 'Divinity is an existential state experienced after one's death." In this regard, he is the one who formulated a new perspective of divinity. Moreover, Jeunsan stressed the immortality of humans (continuity or eternality) and the co-existence of divine beings and humans. He emphasized that divinity is intrinsically immanent and the realm of divine beings has a hierarchical system that maintains order and is akin to that of the human realm. Jeungsan recognized a revolutionary change and perspective based on humanity by suggesting a unique view of humanity. In other words, he was a religious figure who introduced an ingenious view of divinity and dramatically transformed this pattern of reasoning. In conclusion, Jeungsan re-interpreted traditional views of divinity in Korea and systemized them into a new concept of divinity in an ingenious way.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.50
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• pp.153-185
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• 2018

This study analyzed the comic "Monster" based on J. Lacan's psychoanalytic theory. J. Lacan advocated a new psychoanalytic theory through S. Freud's psychoanalytic theories and socio-cultural studies. The main theory of his theoretical background is the 'desire theory' which analyzed human desires. He distinguished human desires as desires and demands and had the basic proposition that 'human desire is the desire of the other'. J. Lacan (J. Lacan) studied in depth the relationship between oneself and others, which he defined by dividing it into an imaginary system (mirror stage), a symbolic system (Oedipus complex), and a real system (desiring subject). Based on these theories, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the comic "Monster" by Naoki Urasawa focused on the desire theory of J. Lacan based on psychoanalysis to examine what new meaning could be extracted. In order to analyze the comic "Monster", the qualitative research method was used and the method of analysis was the descriptive phenomenological method devised by Giorgi (1985). Through this analytical method, the background, characters, and symbols of "Monster" were analyzed and content analysis was performed based on the theory of Giorgi (1985) and the desire theory of J. Lacan As a result of the analysis of the meaning unit and components related to the desire theory through content analysis, the contents analysis was divided into four components: identification, reproduction of desire, alienation, and unique desire and freedom. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, on the basis of psychoanalysis, "Monster" is classified into four elements, identification of twin characters, reproduction of desire, feeling of alienation and unique desire and freedom of characters based on desire theory of J. Lacan. Second, the characters analyzed by the desire theory of J. Lacan attempted to reproduce their desires through identification and projection of twins due to their traumatic experience when they were young. Also, the characters who felt alienated in the process of reproduction made a tragic ending to complete human desire and freedom to fill in their emptiness. This result shows that desire theory of J. Lacan based on psychoanalysis can be used as a new analytical theory, a comic analysis which suggested a new meaning. The results of this study suggest that a new field of research, a comic analysis using psychological theory, needs to be created and further studies in this field are required.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.32
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• pp.109-136
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to look at the concept of Gaebyeok as used by Kang Jeungsan (姜甑山) from a civilizational perspective. The combination of East Asian civilization during the period of Korea's port-opening and the subsequent inflow of Western powers with material civilization all at the forefront in the late Joseon Korea, served as the driving force for a new civilizational transition. Unlike the Chuk-sa Party and the Gae-hwa Party, modern Korean religions that emphasized Gaebyeok also responded to Western civilization and suggested a new view of civilization. Kang Jeung-san, resisting discrimination and oppression, presented a civilization built upon mutual beneficence while criticizing Western civilizations which centered on reason. Amid this process of the spread of modern Western civilization, Jeungsan declared the construction of a new civilization to the people who were negatively impacted by various social factions, such as class and gender discrimination, political corruption, exploitation via political corruption, and the inflow of Western powers. Jeungsanist Thought developed criticisms of materialism and human alienation, and this resulted in the claim of Gaebyeok. This was an expression of efforts to build a new civilization that aimed to harmonize, integrate, and thrive. The new civilization envisioned by Jeungsan was that of a society run according to mutual beneficence, and it can be summarized as a 'Civilization of Harmonious Union' that integrates philosophical thought and civilizational models of both East and West. This could also be referred to a 'Civilization of Public-commons and Harmony between Divine Beings and Human Beings (神人公共).' The life of Jeungsan was a life spent in the service of curing the world to save the lives of humanity. Since then, his 'movement of mutual beneficence' as observed in Mugeuk-do and Taegeuk-do were also efforts to build the new civilization envisioned by Jeungsan.

• 정보화사회
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• s.101
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• pp.20-24
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• 1996

20세기말 우리 사회에 가장 큰 영향을 미친 것은 바로 컴퓨터이다. 그래서 컴퓨터가 미래를 열어준다는 말까지 생겨났다. 진공관을 이용한 최초의 컴퓨터인 에니악(ANIAC)의 탄생 이후 멀티미디어로서의 수단 뿐만 아니라 광통신이나 인공위성을 이용한 초고속정보의 교류가 일반화되는 경지까지 이르게 한 컴퓨터는 인간의 삶을 보조해주는 가장 강력한 매체로 자리매김하였으며 문화적, 정신적 욕구를 충족시켜주는 역할을 할 것으로 파악된다. 컴퓨터와 전기통신이라는 정보사회의 두 가지 사회적 기술은 C & C(Computer & Communication) 또는 컴퓨티케이션이라는 말로 일컬어지는 통신기술의 디지틀화 및 결합으로 인하여 더욱 강력한 영향력을 발휘하게 되었다. 컴퓨터가 가지고 있는 정보의 처리, 축적, 검색기능이 결합된 정보통신기술은 보다 고도화되고 다양화됨으로써 정보획득과 새로운 정보를 추출하는데 소요되는 시간과 경비를 절약하게 해주어 기업경쟁력 및 개인의 다양한 정보욕구를 충족시키는데 커다란 기여를 하고 있다.

• 대학교육
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• s.75
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• pp.79-85
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• 1995

환경교육이란 단지 머리 속에서 아는 지식만이 아니라 환경을 살리기 위한 실천이 전제가 되는 교육이다. 우리 삶의 근본 바탕이 되는 물과 공기와 흙이 오염되는지 어떤지 아무 관심이 없고, 그 속에 사는 생물들이 오염 때문에 죽는지 사는지에도 흥미가 없으며, 그로 인하여 인류가 멸망하든지 어떻든지 상관않고 단지 배운 고급지식을 이용해서 자신이 편안하도록 돈만 벌겠다는 사람들을 대학에서 교육시킬 필요는 하나도 없다. 돈벌이가 되고 과학적인 업적이 되기 때문에 자연을 이용하고 새로운 물질과 제품을 개발하는 데는 온갖 연구를 다 하지만, 그에 따르는 책임과 윤리 교육은 전무하다. 그런 교육을 시키는 것보다는 차라리 인간을 무식한 채로 그대로 두는 것이 훨씬 낫다. 그러한 의미에서 환경교육은 대학교육 자체에 의미와 당위성을 부여하는 대단히 중요한 교육이라고 할 수 있다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.112-115
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• 2013

1998년 인터베트코리아(주)가 설립되었고 2007년 인터베트와 쉐링푸라우 동물약품 사업부가 통합되면서 이후 2009년 MSD(Merck)와 합병하게 되었다. 3개 회사의 기원을 가진 MSD, 인터베트, 쉐링푸라우 동물약품 역사는 약 60년 전으로 거슬러 올라간다. 3개 회사는 각각 인간과 동물을 둘러싼 환경에서 생명을 위협할 수 있는 질병을 치료하기 위해 전문 지식과 확고한 의지를 가지고 새롭게 한국엠에스디동물약품 주식회사를 공식적으로 출범하였다. 새로운 비젼을 가지고 출발하는 한국엠에스디동물약품 주식회사를 찾아가 보았다.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.32-42
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• 1989

새로운 컴퓨터 환경과 이용방식이 개발됨에 따라 "쓰기 편하고", "사용자에게 친숙감을 주는(User friendly)" 인간-컴퓨터 인터페이스론이 크게 대두되고 있다. 그 배경에는 컴퓨터의 생활화, 사용자 계층의 다양화에 따른 컴퓨터 사용환경의 유연성이 유구되고 있기 때문이다. 따라서 사용자 인터페이스의 대상이 되는 것은 컴퓨터를 쓰는 쪽의 문제를 다룸과 동시에 구체적으로 어떤 인터페이스를 어떻게 설계해 갈 것인가의 검토가 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 한국형 사용자 인터페이스의 설계에 따른 범위와 영역에 대해서 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.121-122
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• 2004

최근의 급변하는 다원적이고 복합적인 문화의 흐름은 새로운 양식으로의 변화를 추구해 왔으며 기존의 조형예술의 개념, 가치 등에 대한 변모와 영역의 확장이 동반되고 있다. 이는 예술세계가 끊임없는 아이디어로 인간의 무한한 창조의지를 다양한 미적 의지로 보여지는 것을 가능하게 하였다. 이러한 다양화의 시도는 예술의 영역의 확대를 낳게 되었고, 패션도 현대예술 전반에서 일어나고 있는 소재나 기법을 공유하는 다양한 조형적 표현방법이 결합되어 영역의 확대와 소재의 한계를 벗어나게 되었다. (중략)