• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1983

The wave and hydrologic climate at a beach location are everchanging and coastal engineers have always been interested in the deformation of the natural beach caused by wave action over short or long interval of time. The drift of sand on a beach particulary manifests itself when blocked construction of seawalls, jetties, breakerwaters and groins etc.${\cdots}$ For this reason, the understanding and evaluation of littoral drift has been especially important to the coastal engineers. The resulting of the sand drift movement, such as the type of beach profile, width of beach, storage volume of the littoral sand over the profile are rapid everchange. We have studied the geological changes due to the littoral drift on a beach with field investigation and model tests in laboratory. But, it is impossible to make quantative correct analysis because of the factors are everchange and complicate. And then, most of study are incline to qualitative analysis. In this paper, authors studied mainly on the transition of beach profile and sediment storage on the profile using statistical field data as qualitative analytical method. The used theoretical beach transition model by Sonu and Beek have developed to obtain the change of HAEUNDAE beach backed with seawall. Results of this study indicate that the transition model are useful in the analysis of beach profile changement and the littoral drift movement on the beach. Qualitative analysises for HAEUNDAE beach are as follows. 1) Transition sequence of profile has 4 major transition for one cycle. 2) Storage sediment model of beach profile by Sonu and Beek well coincided with HAEUNDAE beach. 3) Seasonal cycle has ill-balanced process for the 5-yr. investigation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.109 no.3
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study examined the succession by vegetation type after forest ecosystem restoration in the Baramjae area. Vegetation of the Baramjae area was classified using a survey of 81 sites from May to October 2019. The vegetation type was classified as Pinus densiflora community group with both Quercus mongolica community and P. densiflora typical community. The group unit was further classified as the Quercus dentata typical subgroup, Salix koreensis subgroup, and Q. mongolica typical subgroup. Such as Q. mongolica, Quercus variavilis in vegetation unit 1, Q. mongolica, Q. dentata in vegetation unit 2, P. densiflora in vegetation unit 3 and S. koreensis in vegetation unit 4 were shown a high importance value. The difference in species by vertical layer is explained by sere. Based on the vegetation type classification system, Detrended Correspondence Analysis was conducted to observe the trend of succession. Since restoration, vegetation unit 1 and vegetation unit 2 were considered to have developed the most extensive vegetation. In vegetation unit 2 and vegetation unit 4, many of the species found were in the early vegetation development in S. koreensis subgroup. Accordingly, vegetation in the Baramjae area can be categorized as a stepwise succession.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.531-537
• /
• 2006

We assessed the species composition and structure of the three representative forest stands(Pinus densiflora stand, Quercus variabilis stand, and Ouercus mongolica stand), dominated in the National Long-Term Ecological Research Sites of Mt. Worak, Korea and established a benchmark series of permanent plots and transects with which future changes in forest composition and structure could be monitored. Species richness of Q. mongolica stand was greater than other two stands, due in large part to the greater habitat heterogeneity. Number of trees and species are decreased with increasing DBH classes. The successional trends of the three study stands would be mostly changed as Q. mongolica forest, regardless of forest types. Mean density ratio between alive trees and dead trees of three forest stands appeared with Q. mongolica stand 75:25, Q. variabilis stand 94:6, and P. densiflora stand 86:14, Q. mongolica stand appeared most highly from in three stands. This may be due to interspecific or intraspecific competition that it follows in various successesional stages. One side, when it saw the tree status which shows the tree health, the three forest stands all standing alive type (AS) appeared most highly with 75% to 85% and fallen dead type (DF) did not appear entirely. Remeasurement of permanent plots at periodic intervals will provide useful information on the dynamics of the forest vegetation that can be used in the development of adaptive conservation plans.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2000

This paper presents an analysis of the chaotic behavior in the discrete-time voltage mode chaotic generator fabricated using 0.8${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ single poly CMOS technology. An approximated empirical equation is extracted from the measurement data of a nonlinear function block. Then the bifurcation diagram is simulated according to input variables and Lyapunov exponent λ which represent a dependence on an initial value is calculated. We show the interrelations among time waveforms, state transition, and power spectra for the state condition of chaotic circuit, such as equilibrium, periodic, and chaotic state. And results of experiments in the chaotic circuit with the $\pm$2.5V power supply and sampling clock frequency of 10KHz are shown and compared with the simulated results.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.2724-2729
• /
• 2010

This paper presents a method of constructing the sequential digital systems over finite fields. We assign all elements in finite fields to digit codes using mathematical properties of finite fields. Also, we discuss the operational characteristics and properties of the building block T-gate which is used to implement the sequential digital systems over finite fields. Then, we implemented sequential digital systems without feed-back. The sequential digital systems without feed-back is constructed as following steps. First, we assign the states in state-transition diagram to state digit codes, then obtain the state function and predecessor table which is explaining the relationship between present states and previous states. Next, we obtained the next-state function from state function and predecessor table. Finally we realize the circuit using T-gate and decoder. The proposed method is more efficiency and systematic than previous method.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.10 no.4 s.38
• /
• pp.165-174
• /
• 1995

연구개발단계에서의 시스템 신뢰도 예측은 개발시스템이 규정된 성능을 제대로 수행하는가를 확인하기 위해 수행하는 신뢰성 활동이다. 신뢰성 예측은 시스템이 개발완료 후 현장에 설치되어 운용될 환경과 운용환경에 따라 적용되는 보전항목이 고려되어 수행되어야 한다. 따라서 연구개발단계에서부터 시스템의 운용환경 및 그에 따른 보전전략을 분석하여 명확히 설정할 필요가 있으며, 시스템 신뢰도 예측시 구성되는 시스템 상태천이도 역시 시스템 환경 및 보전항목에 따라 달리 구성되어야 한다. 본 고에서는교환/전송시스템이 개발완료 후 운용될 수 있는 설치환경과 운용환경에 따라 고려되어야 하는 보전항목을 서술하였다. 또한 시스템의 운용환경과 보전항목에 따라 적용될 시스템 상태천이도를 제시하였다

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2011.07a
• /
• pp.230-231
• /
• 2011

본 논문은 2011년 제주계통 한림변전소와 금악변환소 사이에 설치 예정인 ${\pm}80kV$ 60MW HVDC 시스템의 DC 가공선로를 기존의 AC 송전 철탑의 AC 선로와 병렬로 추가하여 운영할 때 선로 Coupling에 따른 정상상태 영향을 분석한 내용이다. 한림변전소와 금악변환소 사이 철탑 17개의 데이터를 기반으로 송전선로를 모델링함으로써 실제 데이터에 최대한 근접할 수 있도록 정확성을 도모하였으며, 모델링과 분석에 있어서 전자계과도현상 해석프로그램인 PSCAD를 이용하였다. 특히 AC 병렬 연계 유무에 따른 DC 전류 주파수를 비교함으로써 AC/DC Coupling의 영향을 분석하였으며 최종적으로 이에 따른 기본파 성분 제거에 필요한 DC 필터 설치 유무에 관한 결론을 도출하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.168-175
• /
• 2002

The hydraulic acoustic attenuator fur an automotive active suspension system is so highly nonlinear and of high order that the analysis in time-domain has been performed quite little. In this paper, a state-space representation of the dynamics for a hydraulic attenuator was presented utilizing the electrical analogy. And the results of experiment were compared with those of simulation to validate the state-space model proposed. The comparison revealed that the state-space model proposed is practically applicable to estimate the dynamic responses of the hydraulic attenuator in time-domain.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2011.07a
• /
• pp.2087-2088
• /
• 2011

배전선로 정전고장 예방활동으로 순시/점검은 전력회사 기준에 따라 매년 시행하고 있다. 전력공급 장애 요소를 사전에 제거하거나 불량 기자재를 적출하여 정전을 예방하고 있다. 매년 수 천 건의 설비 불량개소를 개선하여 전력공급 품질 목표를 유지하고 있다. 설비가 방대하고 복잡, 다양해져 시간과 비용이 많이 소요되는 인력점검 보다 진단 장비 사용이 증가하고 있다. 설비운영방법에 있어서도 경년에 따른 교체보다 설비 노후도를 평가하여 교체하도록 하고 있어, 현장에서 설비의 상태 판단이 중요하다. 따라서 제한된 자원으로 최대의 효과를 얻기 위해 과학적인 장비를 이용한 진단방법이 도입되었으며, 본 연구에서는 국내 가공 배전선로 진단에 사용하고 있는 비접촉식 진단장비의 현장 적용시 검출특성과 상태 판정시 고려해야할 기술적 사항에 대한 결과 얻을 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2011.05a
• /
• pp.463-464
• /
• 2011

일본식 배수공이 설치된 제방의 정상상태의 침투 흐름을 수리모형과 SEEP2D 수치모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 경상북도 구미시에 위치한 해평천의 현장 재료를 사용하였고 배수공은 굵은 골재와 부직포를 사용하여 수조 내부에 제작하였다. SEEP2D 모형의 매개변수는 투수계수, 최소압력수두, 최소수리전도도가 있으며, 각 매개변수에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 수치모형의 결과는 실험 결과와 비교적 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 제외지에서 제내지로 갈수록 침윤선은 낮아졌고 일본식 배수공이 설치된 부분에서 급격히 낮아져 배수공 내에 침윤선이 위치했다.