• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.441-457
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean students' mathematics achievement characteristics and draw implications for better math education in schools through comparing the results of three east Asian top level countries, Korea, Singapore, and Japan in PISA 2012 results. As a results, the rate of correct answers of Korea students was relatively low compared with those of Singapore, but relatively higher than Japan. From the results of effect size, similar results from t-test was discovered. As shown in analysis according to sub-elements in math assessment framework, the Korean students had low effect size in every sub-elements than Singapore. and they had high effect size at most of sub-elements than Japan, except "personal" context. In top performing level(above level 5), the Korean students had high effect size at "quantities" in mathematical contents, and "employ" in mathematical processes compared with Singapore. And they had row effect size at 6 sub-elements compared with Japan.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 2012

We investigated the relationship of brain dominance with mathematics and science achievement. The participants were 131 middle school students (male: 74, female: 57). It was found that the above average group in mathematics and science achievement had the highest frequency with left lower brain (LLB) (mathematics: 33.8%, science: 35.0%), whereas the below average group in mathematics and science achievement had the highest frequency with right lower brain (RLB) (mathematics: 38.7%, science: 36.1%). The LLB score showed a significant difference between the above average group and the below average group in science (p<.05). In the correlational analysis, the LLB scores had the highest correlation coefficients (mathematics: r=.28, science: r=.26). The LUB scores had the second highest correlation coefficients (mathematics: r=.18, science: r=.24). These results suggest that LLB and LUB are related to mathematics and science achievement. Therefore, we insist that the assessment of mathematics and science achievement should consider brain dominance.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 2009

This study aims at proposing that high resolution satellite images could be used to form an urban management plan by calculating the amount of green areas and detecting land use changes in each zoning region within urban planning jurisdiction of Jinju in Gyeongsangnam-do selected as a case study area, analysing imagery of IKONOS and KOMPSAT-2 that are high resolution satellite images. In conclusion, application possibilities of high resolution satellite images as assessment data of urban management administration that help to assess changes in each zoning region are indicated after developing modules based on ArcGIS for calculation and detection of green areas and land use changes and then analysing land use changes and spatial distribution of green areas by using those modules.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.12C
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• pp.1197-1206
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• 2002

Recently, the research on the construction of optical Internet backbone networks using WDM has been actively progressed. In this paper, we propose the offset based service-differentiation scheme in optical burst switching (OBS) networks. We classify the services into two classes; high class and low class. The proposed scheme decides the offset time of high class so as to satisfy the required burst loss rate (BLR) of services according to the service-differentiation ratio (SDR). The SDR may be set depending on the environment of OBS network and user's requirements, our scheme decides the BLR of high class by using the required SDR and conservation law. Finally, we use the offset time decision (OTD) algorithm to determine the offset time of high class. The proposed scheme is evaluated through simulation. The result of simulation is compared with that of analysis to verify the proposed scheme.

• 해운
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• s.103
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• pp.8-21
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• 2013

발주잔량의 감소와 세계경기 회복기조 등을 감안할 때, 수급여건은 저점에 근접해 있다. 그러나, 해상물동량 증가율의 둔화, 대형선박 위주로 되살아난 발주 등을 감안할 때, 운임지수 등 시황회복은 상대적으로 느리게 진행될 전망이다. 2012년부터 상위선사의 뚜렷한 실적차별화가 나타나고 있으며, 국내선사는 상대적으로 취약한 선종다각화와 자본력, 계열 및 정부의 저조한 지원 등으로 금융위기 이후 재무구조가 가장 큰 폭으로 악화되었다. 상위선사의 실적우위는 일시적 차이가 아닌 선박의 대형화와 높은 연료효율성, 우수한 글로벌 네트워크 등 구조적 원가경쟁력의 차이에 기인하고 있다. 상위 3개 선사는 초대형선박의 추가인수와 P3 Network 구축으로 원가경쟁력이 더욱 향상될 전망이며, 재무여력을 갖춘 경쟁선사들도 선박가격이 낮은 상황에서 고효율의 대형선박을 발주, 원가경쟁력을 제고하고 있다. 반면에 호황기 고가에 선박을 확보한 국내선사는 과중한 재무부담으로 인해 선박대형화와 글로벌 네트워크 구축에 동침하지 못하고 있어 원가경쟁력의 차이는 더욱 심화될 전망이다. 더딘 시황회복과 상위선사의 단위당 운송비(Unit Cost) 하락 등을 감안할 때, 빠른 시일 내에 운임상승을 통한 큰 폭의 성과개선을 기대하기 어렵고, 과중한 재무부담은 투자여력의 위축으로 이어지고 있다. 여기에 중국 유럽선사가 정부로부터 대규모의 직접적 지원(대출, 지급보증)을 제공받고 있는데 반하여, 우리 정부는 장기적 관점의 지원이나 대책을 유보한 채, 제한된 유동성 지원만을 하고 있다. 재무부담에 따른 악순환을 깨고 원가경쟁력을 확보하기 위해선, 비핵심자산 매각, 자본유치 등 구조조정을 통한 재무구조 개선, 투자여력 확보를 통한 글로벌 경쟁력 회복, 정부차원의 지원과 조정 등 가능한 모든 방안을 총 동원하여 재무구조를 개선하고 투지에 나서는 것이 시급하다. 하지만, 불황으로 체력이 소진된 해운사의 자체적인 노력만으로는 한계가 있다. 기간산업의 국가경쟁력 차원에서 국내 선사의 자체노력은 물론, 정부 또는 금융기관 등 유관기관들의 확실한 지원이나 의사결정이 필요한 시점이다. 그렇지 않을 경우 국내 해운산업은 어두운 터널의 끝을 벗어나지 못하고 글로벌 경쟁사와의 격차는 더욱 벌어지게 될 것이다. 다음은 한국신용평가에서 발표한 "풍전등화 국내 해운업계, 본원적 대책 마련 시급"의 주요 내용을 요약 정리한 것이다.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2018

This study examined the effect of behavior on leader' s impersonal behavior and organizational members 'semi - productive task and the moderating effect of organizational support perception. As a result of conducting a questionnaire survey on SMEs of auto parts industry in Chungnam, Sejong, and Daejeon, the non-personality behaviors of the top leaders had a significant effect on the non-personality behaviors of the middle leaders (p <.001, ${\beta}=.910$). The results of this study are as follows. First, the relationship between the leader and the supervisor was significantly influenced by the non-personality behaviors. In addition, higher leaders have a moderating effect on negative behaviors and semi-productive task behaviors toward the organization of members. The control effect of semi - productive task behavior was confirmed. The results of this study provide suggestions for reducing economic loss and social loss due to semi-productive task behavior of organizational members by revealing the phenomenon of non-personality behavior of middle leader to non-personality behavior of upper leader.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.499-508
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the features of the standards of classification, prediction and reasoning in foreign national science standards and the characteristics of these inquiry processes in the Korean science textbooks. The inquiry process of classification was found less frequently rather than observation and measurement. 'The classification of one character' was much more contained than the higher level of classification, 'the classification of composit character'. For the inquiry process of prediction, most of prediction was 'prediction from experiment result'. In the level of prediction, 'basic prediction' was found more frequently than 'operation prediction'. The inquiry process of reasoning was found more frequently than classification and prediction and was increased in the higher grade textbooks. In the level of reasoning, the higher grade textbooks included 'secondary reasoning' rather than 'simple reasoning'.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.8D no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2001

A systematic approach for interpreting Korean addresses based on postal code is presented in this paper. The implementation is focused on producing the final delivery point code from various types of address recognized. There are two stages in the address interpretation : 1) agreement verification between the recognized postal code and upper part of the address and 2) analysis of lower part of the address. In the agreement verification procedure, the recognized postal code is used as the key to the address dictionary and each of the retrieved addresses is compared with the words in the recognized address. As the result, the boundary between the upper part and the lower part is located. The confusion matrix, which is introduced to correct possible mis-recognized characters, is applied to improve the performance of the process. In the procedure for interpreting the lower part address, a delivery code is assigned using the house number and/or the building name. Several rules for the interpretation have been developed based on the real addresses collected. Experiments have been performed to evaluate the proposed approach using addresses collected from Kwangju and Pusan areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.352-356
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• 2012

본 연구는 최근 우리나라 4대강 중 한강의 기후변화로 인한 온도, 상대습도, 강우량의 관측자료를 통해 과거와 최근의 변동특성에 대해서 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기상청의 관측자료를 활용하였으며 한강의 상, 중, 하류로 나눠서 3개 지점에 대해 선정하였다. 선정 기준은 인위적인 영향을 많이 받는 도시지역을 제외한 도서 지역에 위치한 관측소를 기준으로 선정하였다. 분석을 실시한 항목으로는 최고, 최저, 평균기온 및 상대습도, 연강우량, 일 최고 강우량, 강우 집중률이 있으며 강우 집중률은 강우량에 의한 강우강도의 변동 특성을 파악하기 위해 분석하였다. 과거(~1994)와 최근(1995~2011)의 변동성을 파악하기 위해 각 항목별로 비모수적 검정을 실시하고, 상위 10개를 선정한 자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 비모수적 검정으로는 Mann-Kendall, Hotelling-Pabst, Sen's Trend Test를 이용하였고, 표준정규변량을 통해 과거와 최근의 경향성을 비교하였다. 연구 지점 중 양평의 평균 기온은 상위 10개 중 9개가 최근 자료에서 선정되었고 경향성의 유의수준도 더 높게 나타났다. 최저 상대습도는 과거에 비해 최근에 더 높은 유의수준의 하강하는 경향성을 가지는 것으로 나타나, 기후변화로 인한 지구온난화가 진행되고 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 연강수량은 최근 자료에 상위 8개가 나타났고, 표준정규변량 또한 높은 유의수준을 가지며 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 일 최고 강수량, 강우집중률 또한 상위 10개 관측자료 중 1995년 이후 7개가 관측되었고, 이는 강우강도가 증가하는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 상대습도의 경우 평균 및 최소 상대습도에서 2개가 관측 되어 기온은 상승하고 강우는 집중되는 반면 상대습도는 온도의 영향 이외에도 낮아지는 경향을 보여 오난해지는 가운데 건조해지는 경향을 보임을 알 수 있었다.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.63-75
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• 2018

This study analyzed the long-term linear trends of the sea surface height around the Korea marginal seas for the period of 1993~2016 by using quantile regression. We found significant difference about 2~3 mm/year for the linear trend between OLS (ordinary least square) and median (50%) quantile regression especially in the Yellow Sea, which is affected by extreme events. Each area shows different trend for each quantile (lower (1%), median (50%) and upper (99%)). Most areas of the Yellow Sea show increasing trend in both low and upper quantile, but significant "upward divergence tendency". This implies that significant increasing trend of upper quantile is higher than that of lower quantile in this area. Meanwhile, South Sea of Korea generally shows "upward convergence tendency" representing that increasing trend of upper quantile is lower than that of lower quantile. This study also confirmed that these tendencies can be eliminated by removing major tidal components from the harmonic analysis. Therefore, it is assumed that the regional characteristics are related to the long term change of tide amplitude.