• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2018

In order to define the effect of Torilis Fructus(TF) extract which has been used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, experiments were carried out by organ bath study, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. First, in the organ bath study, when TF extract was administered to the maxillary contracted corpus cavernosum by PE ($10^{-6}M$), there was a significant relaxation effect on corpus cavernosum at concentration of 1, $3mg/m{\ell}$. Compared with the absence of $\text\tiny{L}$-NNA pretreatmen, pretreatment of $\text\tiny{L}$-NNA was inhibited the relaxation effect of penile corpus cavernosum. In the immunohistochemical study, the eNOS positive reaction was significantly increased, and the PDE5 positive reaction was significantly decreased due to the administration of TF extract. Therefore, it show that the TF enhances the production of eNOS and NO, inhibits PDE5 which blocks the action of increased cGMP, relaxes the corpus cavernosum. So TF relaxes the corpus cavernosum and it can be used as a safer erectile dysfunction treatment.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Investigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to report gas fire accident based on classification of the major gas fire causes (including handling mistakes, inferior goods, etc.), fire classifications (fire, explosion, leakages, etc.), damage levels(1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th grade levels), casualties (death, serious wound, slight injury) since gas fire has been generated according to growth of gaseous fuel consumption on home and enterprises with various accident causes. Among gaseous fuels, LPG facility can be c1assified as gas container, pressure regulator, gas hose, interim valve, combustion port. Any fire or any explosion can be caused from handling mistakes, inferior goods on each parts as stated above. Exact gas fire causes shall be identified based on previous case studies on similar fires with consideration of lesson learns.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2018

Torilin is a major sesquiterpene of Torilis japonica (Umbelliferae) fruits and known to be a melanogenesis inhibitor. Extraction conditions are important factor for the efficient preparation to save cost and time in economic aspects. For this reason, this study was conducted to optimize the extraction condition for maximal yield of torilin. For optimization, extraction factors such as extraction solvent, extraction temperature and sample/solvent ratio were tested and optimized for maximum yield of torilin using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal condition was obtained as a EtOAc concentration in MeOH of 31.8%, an extraction temperature at $30.3^{\circ}C$ and a sample/solvent ratio, 1000 mg/2 ml. The torilin yield under optimal conditions was found to be 9.9 mg/g dried samples, which were well-matched with the predicted value of 10.4 mg/g dried samples. These results will provide useful information about optimized extraction conditions for the development of torilin as cosmetic therapeutics to reduce skin hyperpigmentation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2013

The antibiotic chemotherapy produces sometimes side effects and fails to eliminate bacterial infection. The occurrence of strains resistant to antibiotics would be expected to increase, and it is nowadays important to search for non-antibiotic substances. We are aimed to evaluate the effects of Torilis fructus extracts against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Piglets. The piglets were divided with three groups; Negative control group, E. coli-infected positive control group, and the Torilis fructus extracts treated group with E. coli infection. During the study period, we compared clinical signs, weight increase rate, fecal scores, gross findings between the treated group and non treated group. After necropsy, necropsy findings and histopathological findings were conducted with the comparison between the groups. As the results of this study, the Torilis fructus extracts additive showed the effects on the suppression of E. coli-induced lesions. On the basis of this study results, our data suggest that the Torilis fructus extracts additive have the antimicrobial effects. The Torilis fructus extracts additive could be used as the alternative material for antimicrobial feed additives.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.140-154
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• 1997

On November 15, 1994 at 03:17 local time, an earthquake of surface magnitude (M$_{s}$) 7.0 occurred on the northern coast of the Mindoro in Philippine. A major tsunami was generated by this earthquake, extremely large tsunami waves engulfed the Mindoro and the Verde islands. This tsunami caused tremendous casualities and damage. The tsunami propagated to the Luzon island and felt at the Batangas after 10 minutes. The present paper intends to understand the propagation and inundation this tsunami with the aid of numerical computation model and computer graphic aided video animation.n.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2017

According to 2015 ministry of public safety and security statistics, product of combustion makes the most victims while fire. for that reason, recent studies about combustion products have been researched actively in domestic and foreign papers. In domestic, study is handling the combustion product effects on human body and flame propagation. Foreign study is conduct about combustion product effects to shelter in offshore and toxic effects on human. because combustion product is toxic and disturb escape by block the view, many research conducted about optimize combustion product removal facilities using dispersion experiments and CFD simulations. In this study, this paper analysed research trend about toxic gas production model while combustion and its removal facilities, it will be the standard of combustion products research.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.47-59
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• 2011

The actual state of motor vehicle fires was analyzed based on Annual Report on Fire Statistics and National Fire Data System and as a result, the followings were obtained. Motor vehicle fires occur over 16 cases every day with over 0.5 casualties and direct property loss of 50 million won. Most motor vehicle fires are caused by mechanical reasons, followed by electrical factors and arson. Arson accounts for 7.39% of all fires but 13.79% of all motor vehicle fires. Yearly fatalities and casualties per 100 motor vehicle fires were 0.9 and 2.4 on the average, respectively. Although fires which occur in the expressway account for 12.55% of all motor vehicle fires, fatalities, casualties, and property loss caused by motor vehicle fires in the expressway were 16.12%, 21.05%, and 20.65%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.201-201
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• 2015

국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 아무리 강조해서 지나치지 않는 안전을 중요시 하는 우리나라는 각종 재난 사고가 많이 발생한다. 이는 안전의식이 결여되었기에 발생하는 사고들이다. 특히 안전사고와 관련해 다사다난한 일들이 많이 있는데 책임감을 비롯한 본인과 타인의 안전의식 결여로 일어난 문제들이다. 우리나라는 재난에 좀 더 현명하고 안전하게 대처하기 위해서 사전의 적극적인 예방과 사고 후의 빠른 조치, 건전한 안전의식 함양이 필요하다. 2014년 4월 16일 세월호 침몰 사고로 수백 명의 사상자를 낸 대형 참사를 계기로 국민들의 해난(해양사고) 안전에 대한 관심이 높아졌다. 위기상황 속에서 당황하지 않고 올바르고 안전한 판단으로 신속히 대피 할 수 있도록 미리 체험하는 안전체험교육시설을 통해 체계적인 대비로 인명피해를 줄이기 위한 대책이 필요하다. 본 연구는 해난(해양사고)로 인한 인명피해 위험도의 관리기법을 수립하고 재난 관리 체계 중 대비(Preparedness)에 중점을 두고 체험교육을 통해 어떤 효과가 있는지 설문조사를 실시하여 연령대별 체험자들의 반응을 토대로 가상적인 방법을 적용한 인명피해 위험도 저감효과를 분석한다. 국내 여수 해양경비안전교육원에서 올해부터 한국해양소년단연맹과 협업하여 '바다로 캠프' (해양안전 체험 프로그램)를 운영하여 위기 대응 훈련을 실시 할 계획이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 교육원 대상자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to confirm the anticancer effect of Torilis Japonica (TJ) on cervical cancer and to determine whether the effect was apoptosis. Methods: In this study, the effect of TJ extract on toxicity, mitochondrial morphology, nuclear morphological changes, Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were investigated in HeLa cell, human cervical cancer cell. Results: The cytotoxicity, ratio of cells with nuclear changes to the total number of cells, and P38 phosphorylation increased in a concentration-dependent manner after administration of TJ extract. The length of mitochondria and ERK phosphorylation in HeLa cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after administration of TJ extract. Conclusions: TJ extract has an anticancer effect on cervical cancer cells, which is presumed to be due to apoptosis, and showed potential as a future cervical cancer treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.73-85
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand currently active Korean paramedics' disaster response abilities, including immediate response, severity classification, patient treatment, and patient transfer, in a disaster situation with multiple casualties. Methods: A structured questionnaire consisting of a total of 25 questions was used, including 5 questions on the subject's general characteristics and 20 questions on disaster-related emergency response abilities. Results: Among the disaster response abilities of the participants, the patient transport ability scores were high and the cooperative support ability scores were low. In terms of general characteristics, there was a significant difference in age, and it was high in the 40s, and there was a significant positive correlation between each competency. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is an urgent need to develop a systematic and specialized educational system with components inside and outside fire departments related to multiple casualty disasters to improve overall abilities.