• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.332-338
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• 2012

Soil compaction is one of the major problems facing modern agriculture. Overuse of machinery, intensive cropping, short crop rotations, intensive grazing and inappropriate soil management leads to compaction. This study was carried out evaluate of the effects soil texture and different compaction levels within the soil profile on the soybean root growth and productivity. The soybean plants were grown in $21cm{\o}{\times}30cm$ cylinder pots using three different soil textures (clay, fine loamy and coarse loamy) compacted at different compaction levels (1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00 MPa). Results revealed that soybean development is more sensitive on penetration resistance, irrespective of soil type. Soybean yield and root weight density significantly decreases with increasing levels of soil compaction in both clayey and fine loamy soils, but not in coarse loamy soil. The highest root weight density was recorded in coarse loamy soils, followed by fine loamy and clay soils, in descending order. The root growth by soil compaction levels started to decline from 1.16, 1.28 and 1.60 MPa for clay, fine loamy and coarse loamy soils. Soybean production in the field experiment decreased about 30% at compacted sub-soils compared to undisturbed soils.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2021

Biopolymers have been known as eco-friendly soil strengthening materials and studied to apply levees. However, the effect of biopolymer on vegetation is not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the root growth of Camelina sativa L. (Camelina) when the xanthan gum was amended to soil in Aluminum (Al) stress conditions. Amendment of 0.05% xanthan gum increased root growth of Camelina under Al stress conditions. Under the Al stress condition, expression of aluminum activate malate transporter 1 (ALMT1) gene of Camelina root was induced but showed a lower level of expression in xanthan gum amended soil than non-amended soil. Additionally, the binding capacity of xanthan gum with Al ions in the solution was confirmed. Using morin staining and ICP-OES analysis, the Al content of the roots in the xanthan gum soil was lower than in the non-xanthan gum soil. These results suggest that xanthan gum amended soils may reduce the detrimental effects of Al on the roots and positively affect the growth of plants. Therefore, xanthan gum is not only an eco-friendly construction material but also can protect the roots in the disadvantageous environment of the plant.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.17 no.2_3
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• pp.81-85
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• 2003

The plant parasitic nematodes were surveyed from Zoysia matrella, Agrotis palustris, and Poa pratensis at Anyang Benest Golf Club, Dongrae Benest Golf Club, and Gapyeong Benest Golf Club and from A. palustris at Castle Pine Golf Club. Criconema sp., Ditylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Meloidogyine sp., Pratylenchus sp., Tylenchus sp., and Tylenchorhynechus sp. were separated from unhealthy turf areas. In addition, Tylenchorhynechus dubius was firstly recorded from A. palustris at the green of Castle Pine Golf Club. Meloidogyne sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Ditylenchus sp., and Pratylenohus were separated from Z. matrella, Meloidogyne sp. and Pratylenchus were from A. palustris, and Meloidogyne sp., Tylenchus sp., Tylenchorhynchus sp., Criconema sp., and Helicotylenchus sp. were from P. pratensis. Out of separated nematodes, Meloidogyne was the most serious nematode and widely distributed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.470-477
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• 2003

토양에 함유된 수분은 식물의 생육뿐만 아니라 식물뿌리의 호흡, 미생물 활성 및 토양의 화학적 상태에 큰 영향을 미친다. 즉, 토양수분은 물에 용해된 무기물과 토양 내의 양분을 녹여 식물 뿌리로 흡수될 수 있도록 이동시키며, 토양 속의 온도를 조절하여 뿌리의 영양분 흡수 능력을 향상시키는 기능을 한다. 또한 토양 속으로 수분이 이동하면서 고갈된 산소를 공급하는 등의 중요한 기능을 하고 있다 (Hillel, 1980). 따라서 토양 내 수분이 과다하거나 부족한 경우 인위적으로 최적 상태의 함수비로 조절하는 물 관리 기술의 중요성이 대두되고 있으며 물 관리 기술의 개발에서 가장 중요한 기술 중의 하나는 토양의 수분 함량을 온라인으로 계측하는 것으로서 관개배구 자동화 기술의 핵심부분이라고 할 수 있다. (중략)

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2013

This experiment was carried out for the selection of suitable cultivars on the green and fairway at the mountain area. The climate data showed that differences of altitude influenced greater than latitude on temperature and rainfall when compared with 3 areas of the central of Gyeong-gi and Yeong-seo, and the mountain area at Yeong-seo. The plot was prepared with the USGA profiles for green and modified California style for fairway at the mountain golf course in Wonju, Korea. The growth characteristics were compared on two different profiles for 3 years of growing seasons after seeding with 5 creeping bentgrass cultivars. 'T-1' and 'CY-2' showed a rapid greenup compare with other cultivars in spring of 2010 with the both green and fairway mowing height. However, 'Penncross' resulted the slowest among cultivars. 'T-1' showed the most prominent visual quality of overall rate and the deepest root length after one year of seeding, while 'Penncross' showed an excellent result of root length and weight during summer season. However, 'Penn A-1' had an imperial result in that season. Comparison of the growth characteristics under green and fairway conditions, 'T-1' and 'CY-2' showed exellent overall results at the mountain area at Yeong-seo area in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.367-372
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• 1997

Excessive water stress is one of major limiting factors affecting soybean yield, especially when soybean is grown in converted upland from paddy field. The present study was undertaken to know the genotypic variation in yield response of soybean to different environments in combination with soil texture and underground water table depth. Eight recommended soybean varieties in Korea and two supernodulating soybean mutants introduced from USA were planted in the lysimeter which was filled with two different soil types(sandy loam and clay loam). Of three underground water table depths(10, 30, and 50 cm) during whole growth stage, the lowest 10 cm was included to create excessive water stress. Yield was significantly different according to the underground water table depth and soybean genotypes, whereas soil type did not affect yield. There were significant interaction effects of soybean yield among soil type, soybean genotype, and underground water table depth. Yield of nts 1116 showed the highest across environments. Based on the regression analysis, the most stable variety was Sobaeknamulkong(bi=1.09). Jangsukong was fairly stable and high in yield, when compared to other soybean genotypes. However, nts 1116 was the most desirable ($D_i=228$) mainly due to the highest yield rather than the greater stability over environments. Multiple regression analysis revealed that shoot dry weight and nodule number were major factors affecting yield in the combined data over three water table depths and two soil types.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2021

We checked the emergence rate and early growth characteristics of young rice plants according to the germination length and seed damage ratio in direct seeding. The emergence rate was reduced according to the longer germination length and higher seed damage ratio. The emergence rate was further reduced under high-temperature conditions. The leaf number did not show a significant difference according to germination length and seed damage ratio. However, shoot and root dry weights were reduced according to the germination length and seed damage ratio. The root dry weight was highly correlated with the shoot dry weight. Based on these results, we concluded that a longer germination length and seed damage could induce the loss of nutrients and affect poor root growth, consequently inducing poor emergence and growth in the early growth stage of rice seeds. Therefore, in rice direct seeding, seed conditions of less than 1 mm of germination length should be checked for a sufficiently high standing rate and adequate growth characteristics after seeding.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2020

참당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai)는 중국의 동북부지역, 일본 및 한반도 전역에 자생하고 있으며, 예로부터 보혈, 활혈지통, 윤장등의 효능으로 심신혈허, 월경불순, 통경경폐 등의 병증에 주로 사용되었고, 8월부터 뿌리가 급격히 비대하여 10월 말에서 11월 초에 수확을 한다. 본 연구는 참당귀의 주산지인 봉화, 평창을 비롯한 영양, 인제 등 4지역을 선정하여 미세기상장비를 설치 및 토양의 이화학성 분석을 통해 지역별 생육환경을 측정하였고, 또한 참당귀의 생육특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 5월에서 10월까지 평균 대기온도와 일사량은 인제지역에서 다른지역에 비해 비교적 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 토양온도는 5월에서 8월까지는 영양지역이, 9월과 10월은 봉화지역이 다른지역에 비해 비교적 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 지역별 토양 성분의 이화학적 특성은 봉화지역이 유기물(5.17%), 전질소(0.19%), 유효인산(2187.76mg/kg), 칼륨(1.53cmol⁺/kg)의 함량이 다른 지역에 비해 높은 경향으로 확인되었고, 인제지역이 칼슘(12.63 cmol⁺/kg), 마그네슘(3.7cmol⁺/kg)등 미량원소의 함량이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. pH는 지역별 차이가 확인되지 않았으며, 영양지역의 토성이 사질식양토로 배수성의 차이는 확인되었다. 이에 따른 참당귀의 생육특성은 초장과 줄기직경은 영양지역에서 각각 70.95cm와 35.72mm로 가장 높게 측정되었으며, 잎 길이및 너비는 평창지역에서 각각 42.84cm, 52.39cm로 가장 높게 측정되었다. 뿌리직경은 영양에서 50.49mm, 뿌리길이는 봉화에서 38.05cm, 생중량은 평창에서 328.23g으로 다른지역에 비해 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 상기 결과를 바탕 재배환경과 생장량간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 재배환경 중 대기 및 토양온도, 대기 습도는 실험이 수행되어진 전 지역에서 이상고온이나 저온과 같은 특이점 없이 비슷한 양상으로 측정되었고, 이에 따라 참당귀생장에 대해 유의한 상관관계가 분석되지 않았다. 토양습도는 지상부(초장, 줄기직경, 잎길이, 잎너비)의 생육과 음의 상관관계에 있다고 사료되나 유의성이 검증되지 않았다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.97-100
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• 2014

To explore the possibility of using pyroligneous acid for environmentally friendly ginseng farming, this study observed samples of ginseng whose shoots were treated with pyroligneous acid sprays beginning in mid June, which is after foliation stage. The spongy tissue structure got thickened from triple layers to quadruple layers with the pyroligneous acid regardless of the concentration. The upper and lower epidermis cell of the leaves as well as the leaf mesopyll cells also became thicker. Compared to the no-treatment group, the overall growth and development of ginseng roots treated with pyroligneous acid were excellent. Accordingly, it is believed that pyroligneous acid can be an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional agro-chemicals applied to ginseng that can be used to facilitate the growth and development of ginseng.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.416-422
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• 2002

Bacillus ehimensis YJ-37 was observed as a potential biological agent to control the occurrence of diseases and plant growth.promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Population density of B. ehimensis YJ-37 were higher 1.2~2 times in main roots and lateral roots than from nonrhizosphere soil and persisted around 10$^4$g root on the watermelon and radish root system upto 30 days after growing in pot condition. As a PGPR, B. ehimensis YJ-37 enhanced plant growth of watermelon and radish by soil treatment. The leaf area, hypocotyl length, root length and dry weight of radish were about 85, 33, 23 and 89% more than that of untreated plant, respectively. In case of watermelon were about 63, 27, 25 and 69% more than that of untreated plant, respectively. Biocontrol of damping-off in watermelon and radish caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 and Pythium ultimum were carried out in pots using 3. ehimensis YJ-37. The results showed that might contribute to it's suppression of damping-off disease in field plants.