• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.713-726
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• 2004

This paper aims to investigate the characteristics of innovation activities and informal networks of venture companies in Daegu region. The most important knowledge source of them for innovation is in house. The next are customers, competitors, and public supporters. And it was investigated that regional venture companies have participated in 1-5 informal network organizations. They primarily achieve such knowledges as, technologies, new business opportunities, and marketing information, through participation in informal networks. The reasons why they have taken part in informal networks are to get new informations and acquire new business opportunities. Particularly The informal networks between ventures companies and other regional economic actors have helped the regional venture companies to obtain more economic performance and to establish social capital, such as faith, with other economic actors.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.137-154
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• 2019

Conflict management within a police organization is one of the most significant areas from the organization management point of view. This study aims to explore procedural entrepreneurship of police mangers when they face difficulties in their workplaces. Adopting a case study strategy, this study examines real cases from three police agencies from Japan, the US, and South Korea. Interviewing police officers from theses different countries, six main themes are identified: (1) the pervasiveness of hierarchical authority, (2) procedural conflict, (3) organizational cultures, (4) the origin of their values and assumptions, (5) characteristics of the strategy, and (6) organizational learning. Research findings pointed out that there were more similarities than differences among the three cases, such as the pervasiveness of hierarchical authority, the significance of informal networks, and characteristics of informal networks. The main finding was that police managers used informal networks in order to overcome the procedural conflicts regardless of their nationality. All the participants relied on informal communications to raise the adaptability and survivability of their organizations. It was found that the Asian culture and American culture respectively permeated the three police agencies, supporting the role of informal networks in the formal organizations. This presents a paradox which well reflects the reality of organizations: informality within formality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.138-147
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• 2018

The network analysis is done to explore what kind if issues are diffused about earthquake and the role of social media. The types of disaster information is classified into formal and informal. The role of actor is classified based on the concentrativeness and the diffusion of issue. Youttube is functioned as a formal channel and an informal channel when disaster happened. In case of government's video, issue contractiveness is high but the diffusion is low. In case of media's video, issue contractiveness and the diffusion are all high. In case of individual channel, issue contractiveness is low, but diffusion is high. In disaster, youtube is a tool to respread the disaster issue. Government needs to try diffusion of government's news actively in disaster.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.568-582
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• 2011

This study aims to discover the characteristics of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade, which involves various players. Through this characteristics, this study ultimately intends to identify an operational mechanism of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade by investigating social capital as mobilized by small-scale traders. The results of this study can be expected to help understand how small-scale merchants address the uncertainty or risks surrounding their trade. Although it is an informal economic activity, the cross-border small-scale trade between South Korea and China is related to issues of the formal economy, such as job creation, benefits for local economies, and profit-seeking. Owing to this characteristics, small-scale trade is being conducted with the connivance of, or even with the tacit support from formal organizations, including municipal governments, customs, corporations, and shipping companies. Like trade in other countries, Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade also requires different types of social capital, such as family networks, ethnic networks, social networks, and trust.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-35
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• 2021

Based on social capital theory, this study investigated the influence of the start-up founder's social competence on the start-up's access to funding sources and performance through the mediating role of the type of social network. This study aimed to examine two types of social networks empirically (i.e., personal networks and business networks) as social capital in analyzing the effect of the founder's social competence and social capital on the method of accessing funding sources. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 252 South Korean start-up founders whose businesses are based in South Korea. Path analysis and mediation effect analysis were performed by structural equation modeling(SEM) using STATA 16.1. This study examined the full mediating effect of the founder's social competence on his/her personal and business networks, respectively, and how the effect leads to different methods to approach funding sources. This is the first study in South Korea to analyze empirically how social competence has contrasting effects on personal and business networks as well as how each type of network varies in its influence on the method founders use to attract investment. This study is also significant in that it proposed a new methodology by utilizing the position generator as the measure of personal and business networks to analyze social networks in detail. The analyses of 252 survey data collected over a period of six months will be a valuable resource that may provide researchers, founders, investors, and other stakeholders in the start-up ecosystem with meaningful implications.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.61
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• pp.35-57
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• 2018

This study explores how married migrant women in Korea create social capital in their everyday lives, and how their social capital influences cultural acculturation. This study performs a structural equation model, using two-year data of female migrant women. The results suggest that network elements, including official supports from public organizations and unofficial supports from personal ties, contribute to creation of perceptual elements, including social trust, community involvement and relations. Also, these two elements of social capital have positive impact on acculturation of married migrant women in Korea. The longitudinal analysis provides a basic understanding of the creation of social capital and the relationship between social capital and acculturation of married migrant women and also clearly suggests the importance of public supports rather than personal supports from family or friends.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.115-120
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• 1998

정보통신산업은 네트워크산업으로서 다른 산업에 비해 상호운용성 확보라는 목표달성이 매우 중요시되고 있으며 이를 위해 국내뿐만 아니라 국제표준화활동이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 지금까지 표준화활동은 대체로 ITU와 같은 공식적인 국제표준화기구를 통하여 이루어져 왔으나 최근 세계경제의 글로벌화에 따라 기업이 시장경쟁력 향상을 위한 전략적 수단으로서 공식표준보다 사실상표준을 활용하는 경향이 두드러져 표준화활동의 대변혁시대를 맞이하고 있다. 이러한 표준화환경의 변화에 따른 사실상표준의 중요성이 부각되면서 특정기술을 토대로 한 포럼활동이 최근 매우 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 우선 최근 큰 변혁기를 맞이하고 있는 표준화환경의 변화상을 살펴보고 이에 따른 표준화의 역할변화와 공식표준과 사실상표준의 차이점을 분석해 볼 것이다. 이어 최근 표준화에 중요한 역할을 하는 국제포럼의 주요특성별 분류와 공식표준화기구와 관계, 전반적 활동추세에 대해 분석해 볼 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.391-404
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• 2005

This paper attempts to show the status and network characteristic of regional innovation support agencies(company support agencies and R&D institutes, RISA) which play an important role in the regional system of innovation in Daegu City, using questionnaire data. Most of these agencies were established in 1990s and tend to locate in Buk-Gu and Dalsu-Gu, being major local universities which retain a large number of R&D and industry support agencies. The business areas of the agencies are largely associated with business training and applied research. Their major role is to provide the information that local firms need to acquire. It shows that they have relationships with 1 to 5 agencies, primarily in the form of informal network, for the purpose of sharing information and knowledge about science/technology and market trend. There are not many spin-offs from RISA. But most of spin-offs from RISA are located in Daegu City and maintain cooperative relationships with their parent organization primarily in the form of formal network. The main purpose of cooperative relationships with RISA is to interchange knowledges about technology.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.423-444
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• 2013

Tourism in Thoi Son Islet has been the advanced model for rural tourism in the Mekong Delta region since the 1990s. The continuously rising number of tourists, however, has also created problems that affect sustainable rural development. To understand these problems, this research analyzed how rural tourism has been operated through the methodology of a stakeholder network. After investigating the network among key stakeholders (Ho Chi Minh travel agencies (HCMTAs), local travel agencies (LTAs), and local residents, the result showed that in the current model, HCMTAs and LTAs have played the role of connectors, working as hubs to shift tourists (demand) to match local residents (supply), with the networking being dominated by signed contracts (formal networks). The networks between LTAs and local residents are both formal and informal. Inter- and intra-networks among local residents are dominated by informal networks of established working relationships based on networks of family, friends, and neighbors. Moreover, this research has found that there is no cooperating network among LTAs. Among owners of tourist sites was not also found cooperating network. The primary motivating factor for these stakeholders is price competition; this has led to a disproportionately small share of revenue for local stakeholders, with most tourism revenue going to HCMTAs. Additionally, because of the high competition among local stakeholders, this results in local stakeholders having little or no negotiating power when conducting business with HCMTAs. Meanwhile the Tien Giang Tourism Association is inefficient in fostering cooperation among local stakeholders to increase their negotiating power.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.441-447
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the effect of firefighters' social capital on subjective happiness. This research was conducted from Jun 12 to Aug 25, 2017, and a descriptive analysis, t-test, hierarchical regression analysis was carried out based on the results of a survey with 351 firefighters in Gyeonggi-do to verify the research hypothesis. As a result, it was revealed that network(${\beta}=.315$, p<.001), trust(${\beta}=.293$, p<.01), cooperation(${\beta}=.225$, p<.01) and trust among other sub-variables of firefighters' social capital had significant effects on subjective happiness. Based on the results, this research suggested that various measures to strengthen social capital would be required in order to improve fire-fighters' happiness: efforts to increase trust within the organization, political support for vitalizing formal network as a communication channel among firefighters organizations, encouraging interest in the community and promoting informal network such as volunteer work, developing transparency in operating the organizational policy and system, etc.