• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.49-73
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• 2010

The lack of customer satisfaction and trust remains a key barrier to electronic commerce. From the standpoint of online merchants, it is critical to build consumer trust by lessening sources of apprehensions and uneasiness associated with online transactions. This paper explores the relationships between customer satisfaction and intermediary's trustworthiness factors in B2C e-marketplaces. It also aims at examining the effects of consumer characteristics, including propensity to trust and Internet shopping self-efficacy, upon trust and purchase intentions. To meet the research objectives, an empirical study has been conducted by surveying 223 active e-marketplace buyers in Korea. The findings of the present research indicate that customer satisfaction positively affects all the three attributes of trustworthiness (i.e., competence, benevolence, and integrity), and more specifically it has a quite strong association with benevolence. In addition, propensity to trust has no significant influence on trust or purchasing intentions, and only affects benevolence and integrity with no direct effect on competence. Finally, Internet shopping self-efficacy was found to affect both trust and purchasing intentions, suggesting that e-marketplaces seek an online strategy designed to strengthen loyalty for customers with high self-efficacy, while they use a strategy to improve the usability and usefulness of their website to attract customers with low self-efficacy. The paper concludes with implications and directions for future research.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.219-232
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• 2007

The polyethersulfone(PES)-titanium oxide($TiO_2$) hybrid membranes were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method. The casting solution for the preparation of $PES-TiO_2$ hybrid membrane was provided by adding $TiO_2$ nano particles into the basis polymer solution of 14 wt% and 20 wt% PES/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP). The $TiO_2$ loading [wt% ($TiO_2/NMP$)] in eating solution was varied from 0 to 60 wt%. Membrane performance and morphological change of the resulting $PES-TiO_2$ hybrid membranes were discussed in aspect of $TiO_2$ loading, by viscosity, coagulation value and light transmittance of the casting solution, measurement of tensile strength, pore size and contact angle, surface and cross sectional SEM images of the hybrid membrane, and ultrafiltration experiments using the hybrid membrane. According as increase of $TiO_2$ loading in the casting solution, viscosity is increased and coagulation value becomes lower, therefore the thermodynamic instability of the casting solution is increased. It is found that when $TiO_2$ loading is increased, 1) precipitation rate becomes faster while instantaneous demixing is maintained, 2) pure water flux, membrane pore size and compaction stability of the resulting membranes are increased, 3) tensile strength and contact angle are decreased. Dead-end ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin(BSA) solution using the hybrid membrane shows that membrane performance(flux of BSA solution) enhanced up to 7 times compared with the results obtained using the pure PES membrane(not containing $TiO_2$ particle), due to the increase of hydrophilicity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine an effective training method to improve sequela, since traumatic brain injury sequela is a major factor in determining the quality of life. Neurofeedback training was conducted for an adolescent who had experienced traumatic brain injury during his childhood and who had difficulty in cognitive learning and emotional aspects. The assessment of an adolescent was conducted using K-WAIS-IV intelligence test and QEEG brain wave analysis. In the neurofeedback training, T3 alpha wave compensation and T4 alpha wave inhibition training were performed 36 times for 30 minutes three times a week. In addition to the neurofeedback training, respiratory meditation was also made available to the adolescent. As a result, the adolescent showed a stable condition as indicated by taking a good sleep, reducing test anxiety, and satisfaction with final exam results. This study revealed the possibility for hidden physical and psychological problems arising due to childhood brain trauma. It has also recently been discovered that a more diverse set of tools can be found. In addition, these childhood traumatic brain injuries can be improved through brain training and meditation. The study finding is meaningful for its suggestion of a fusion method for developing mind and body therapy in terms of brain science.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.423-442
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• 2018

This study observes the psychological changes of unemployed people according to their unemployment period. With this what psychological changes they face according to their unemployment period and what psychological characteristics they show, whether if psychological changes and job hunting activities are in relation, and whether if psychological changes affect job hunting activities. The study subjects received unemployment wage and were divided according to before employment, 1~3 months unemployed, and 4 months or more unemployed. An in-depth research of 8 people was conducted within the period of 2017.05~08. The psychological characteristics of people, in the period from when they first sense unemployment possibilities until three months of unemployment, are anger, anxiety, fear, which is a mixed characteristic that does not disappear but continues deepening. In study there was no significant difference in depression, anxiety, anger, social phobia, alcohol, religion factors, low self-esteem, and low self-efficacy in before employment, 1~3 months unemployed, and 4 months or more unemployed. However, the average levels of anger anxiety, depression, and social phobia were higher when the unemployment period was longer and the results of low self-esteem and low self-efficacy support further research.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.48-62
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• 2000

Creativity is the most important characteristic and ability in the 21st century. Recently leading people in Korean society are aware of the significance of the enhancement of the creativity. However, Korean students are less likely to take initiative or depart from standard ways of thinking or doing things, because Korean Confucius culture puts an emphasis on collectivism. An individual has an obligation to conform in order to avoid conflict and maintain social harmony. The rule of respecting parents and teachers leads to a lack of self-expression and entails silence. Brainstorming technique developed by American Osbron, who originated the group brainstorming in 1953, is the most popular creative thinking method for the students. Brainstorming technique has two principles : ideation can be more productive if criticism is concurrently excluded; The more ideas the better. In doing BS, each panel should consist of chairperson, an assistant chairperson, recorder, and 10 others including 2-3 females. However there are several problems in doing group BS, such as production blocking, uniformity thinking, evaluation apprehension, and social loafing. This study was undertaken to investigate the proper way of forming Brainstorming groups with Korean students according to the Sasang Constitutional Medicine originated by Korean Lee Je-ma in 1894. Human beings are classified in four group in Sasang Constitutional Medicine : Taeyang-In, Teaum-In, Soyang-In and Soum-In. Two Yang-Ins are more self-expressive : Taeyang-In has very unique ides and thoughts; Soyang-In is very humorous and like to present his/her ideas. On the other hand, two Um-Ins are passive and are not likely to speak out their ideas in group. Therefore, in this investigation firstly, the brainstorming group was formed with two Yang-Ins (Taeyang-In and Soyang-In) and two Um-Ins(Taeum-In and Soum-In) separately and secondly, Yang-Ins and Um-Ins were mixed. And the first method was compared with the second method in terms of the degree of participation of the group members and finally the better grouping method to produce more and better ideas was discussed and suggested for the educational system.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate tool for measuring the communication skills of dental hygienist. The survey was modified and revised to fit into Korean culture. Also the reliability and validity was tested in order to ensure the survey was properly evaluating communication skills of dental hygienists. A survey was conducted with outpatients in dental clinics located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Daejeon area. The 483 answers out of the total collected answers were used for the final analysis of the study, using PASW Statistics 18.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 7.0 to measure the validity and reliability. The factor analysis showed that the communication skill of the dental hygienists was composed of three elements, namely 'being caring and respectful' communications, 'sharing information' communications and 'tending to comfort' communications to reduce pain and anxiety. The validity of the model examined by a confirmatory factor analysis satisfied most of the relevant requirements. All of the factors had the conceptual reliability and variant extracted index above the minimum requirements, ensuring reliability and concentrated validity. Also, the value of the square of the correlations between all latent factors which was larger than the square of the correlation between all of the factors, thus proving the discriment validity. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was 0.8, which shows high reliability level. In conclusion, it was proven that dental hygienist's communication skill measurement tool has high validity and reliability. Further, this study can be used to improve dental hygienists' communication skills. Therefore, this will improve oral health of clients and manage them.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.237-246
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• 2014

Purpose: Helicopter parenting is an emerging concept as a way of rearing adolescents and adult children. However, helicopter parenting from a nursing perspective has not been elucidated. Therefore, we undertook a concept analysis to understand the attributes, antecedents and consequences of helicopter parenting in the context of nursing. Methods: Using Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis, we analyzed literature on helicopter parenting to discover critical attributes, antecedents, and consequences of this phenomenon. Data were collected from seven electronic search engines. Twelve studies matching inclusion criteria were reviewed. Results: Three core attributes of helicopter parenting were hovering, highly deep involvement, and proxy decision making. The antecedents and consequences were retrieved from three important domains including social, parent, and child aspects. Surrogate terms were black hawk, hummingbird, and hovercraft parenting, and related terms were stealth fighter and Kamikaze parenting. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, helicopter parenting has both positive and negative effects on both children and parents. To enhance the positive effects, measurement tools for helicopter parenting and nursing interventions on parenting need to be developed.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-61
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• 2016

This paper explains the one of the most problematic factor in the society that leads to social inequality - increase in non-regular work. Theoretically, this expansion of non-regular work can be explained by technologies that are designed to save the labor force, especially since corporations in Korea have strategies to replace the regular workers with temporary workers, to save money. OECD also noted that Korea's income inequality is pretty high in ranking when compared with the rest of the OECD members, and says that globalization and technological innovation are the factors of this problem. To refine the argument, this study also looks at relationship between development made in sciences - which can be stated as a proxy variable to look at the advances made in technology - and expansion of temporary work force by using VAR methodology. Based on the results of this analysis in the future temporary/regular workers ratio started with decline, then turn to rise. These temporary/regular workers ratio sustained growth prediction shows that the expansion of the temporary expansion contributes to instability and social inequality in the labor market and technological change are interrelated.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2006

Objectives : This study aims to identify sexual behaviors in sexually abused children to assess the Child Sexual Behavior Inventory(CSBI) score of sexual behaviors reported in children by their parents to analyze the relation of these sexual behaviors to demographic variables, familial variables, and characteristics of sexual abuse variables. Method : A large sample of 2-13 year old children(N=121) were rated by their caregiver via parent report consisting of CSBI, the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL), and a questionnaire assessing characteristics of family history and sexual abuse variables. Results : There were significantly related to the CSBI score; younger children(2-5 year old group) had significantly higher scores than older children. Maternal education also related to the CSBI score, in that mothers with higher levels of education report more CSBI scores than less educated mothers. There were significant differences according to characteristics of victim victim with penile penetration of vegina and genital exposure of offender had higher score in the CSBI than others. Also, when perpeturator was an acquaintance, the CSBI scores increased. Conclusion : Sexual behavior related to childs age, maternal education, penile penetration of vegina, and genital exposure, parental emotional state and personality traits. Findings were primarily similar to previously published studies. The suggestions and the limitations of this study, and directions of future study were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.11-24
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• 2013

This study presents a design method for typical rainfall-induced landslide considering in-situ matric suction. Actual landslide data are used to validate the proposed method. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and unsaturated permeability are experimentally determined to estimate hydraulic properties of testing site. The field measurement of matric suction is carried out to monitor in-situ matric suction in a natural slope subjected to rainfall infiltration, which is incorporated in the landslide analysis. The wetting band depth and safety factor of the slope are assessed to clarify the effect of domestic rainfall pattern. Especially, the effect of antecedent rainfall on the slope stability is investigated and discussed in terms of wetting band depth using parametric study. It is found from the result of this study that proposed design method can consider the characteristic of unsaturated soil and effect of antecedent rainfall. The location of the scarp zone is fairly well predicted by proposed design method. Moreover, heavy rainfall, concentrated in the backward part with time, causes the lowest safety factor of the slope. These results demonstrate that decrease in matric suction due to antecedent rainfall may trigger slope instability. After the antecedent rainfall, additional rainfall may cause the slope failure due to increasing wetting band depth.