• Title/Summary/Keyword: 부피성

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Radiation-Induced Grafting of Acrylic Acid onto Cellulose : II. Effects of Multi-Functional Monomer and Acid on the Grafting (셀룰로오스에 아크릴산의 방사선 그라프트 반응: II. 다관능성 단량체와 산의 첨가 효과)

  • Kwon, Oh Hyun;Nho, Young Chang;Lee, Young Moo
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.348-354
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    • 1998
  • Cellulose grafted with acrylic acid(AAc) was prepared by radiation grafting technique. The effects of reaction temperature. reaction time, monomer concentration, and the crosslinkers on the AAc grafting reaction on cellulose were examined. The amount of AAc grafted on the cellulose reached maximum at the concentration of 0.75vol% difunctional crosslinker and 1.0vol% trifunctional crosslinker, respectively. In the presence of acid, the amount of AAc grafted on the cellulose was decreased when reaction solution contains difunctional crosslinker, while that was increased when reaction solution contains trifunctional crosslinker. In the grafting reaction of cellulose with AAc and TMETA, mixture containing ferrous sulfate and acid enhanced further AAc grafting yield than mixture containing ferrous sulfate only.

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Some Quality Changes in Soybean Curd by Addition of Dried Soymilk Residue (건조비지 첨가에 의한 두부품질의 변화)

  • Shon, Jung-Woo;Kim, Woo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.522-525
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    • 1985
  • The dried soymilk residue (SMR) was added into soybean water extract in order to investigate its effect on physical characteristics of soybean curd. As the mixing ratio (d. b.) increased, the volume and water holding capacity of the curd was reduced and penetration value was increased. However, the Sag value was rather increased until 20% of mixing ratio reached and then decreased drastically by 30% addition of SMR. The overall physical and sensory quality showed that substitution of soybean with SMR by 10% was recommendable without significant unfavorable change in quality of soybean curd. The proposed method of absorption of unbound water on filter paper was proved to be simple and reliable for measurement of water holding capacity of soybean curd.

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Tapered production tubing design considering flow stability and production rate (유동안정성과 생산량을 고려한 2단 생산튜빙 디자인)

  • Kim, Sung-Il;Jo, Gyung-Nam;Choe, Jonggeun
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.548-556
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    • 2013
  • A tapered production tubing with two different inner diameters has been suggested to increase production rates. In this research, various tapered tubing combinations are taken into account and possible tubing combinations are proposed to satisfy each objective. In previous studies, production enhancement was the main goal. However, this research also considers flow stability by analyzing tubing pressure traverse, liquid holdup, and operating conditions. For a reservoir assumed in this research, a tapered tubing of, 4.5 inch inner diameter(ID) and 2000 ft in length in the lower part and 5.5 inch ID and 8000 ft in the upper part, shows the highest net present value. Compared to a mono tubing, tapered tubings enable various tubing designs because they have smaller differences in frictional pressure loss. It is important to maintain low liquid holdup to prevent liquid loading. Smaller ID of tapered tubing in the lower part enables to achieve the object. In conclusion, it is identified that various tubing designs are achievable from the analyses of overall production operations depending on purposes specified.

A Study on Real Time Control of Resin Transfer Molding (RTM 공정의 실시간 제어에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon Young Jae;Um Moon Kwang;Byun Joon Hyung;Lee Woo Il
    • Composites Research
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2005
  • In resin transfer molding(RTM), race-track effects and non-uniform fiber volume fraction may cause undesirable resin flow patterns and thus result in dry spots, which affect the mechanical properties of the finished parts. In this study, a real time RTM control strategy to reduce these unfavorable effects is proposed. This control rule is accomplished by means of the permeability mapping and pressure regulation. Through numerical simulations, the validity of the proposed scheme is demonstrated.

Estimation Algorithm for Portable Bladder Volume Measurement System (휴대용 방광용적 측정 시스템을 위한 추정 알고리듬 연구)

  • 하재규;송무용
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2000
  • A new algorithm for estimating bladder volume for portable bladder volume measurement system is proposed. Given the actual image of a bladder, edges between bladder wall and urine are extracted first. Axes are calculated from these data and actual cross section shape is obtained by filtering. Since ordinary shape of a bladder is irregular, two cross-sections(transverse and longitudinal) are considered. With the area of a longitudinal cross-section projected along the axes of transverse cross-section, or vice versa, two estimated volume are obtained. Averaging these two value yields the volume of the bladder. Applied to actual experiments, the proposed algorithm showed explicitly good results in comparison with the conventional techniques.

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Density Measurement of Liquid Mixture and Estimation of Excess Molar Volume by A Cubic Equation of State (액체혼합물의 밀도 측정과 3차 상태방정식에 의한 과잉 몰부피의 예측)

  • Kim, Jung-Min;Bae, Hyo-Kwang
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.637-640
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    • 2005
  • The density of polar-nonpolar liquid mixtures composed of methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and the density of polar-polar liquid mixture of MTBE and MEK were measured by densitometer at 278.15 K, 288.15 K and 298.15 K, respectively. The excess molar volume of the binary systems calculated from the measured density was shown good agreement with the calculated one by the cubic Peng-Robinson- Stryjek-Vera (PRSV) equation of state together with Huron-Vidal mixing rule and it confirmed that the cubic PRSV equation of state could be used in the molar volume calculation of polar mixture.

Solvent and Concentration Effects on Carbonyl Stretching Frequencies: Dialkyl Ketones (카르보닐 신축진동 파수에 대한 용매 및 농도 효과: 디알킬 케톤)

  • Jung, Young-Mee;Kang, Jae-Soo;Nam, Sang-Il;Lee, Mu-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.415-419
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    • 1996
  • Hydrogen bonding, dielectric effects and steric effects are all factors which determine the carbonyl stretching frequency, νC=O of ketones in solution. The νC=O frequency of ketones is affected by change in concentration of ketones in various solvents. The νC=O frequency shifts to lower frequency in nonpolar solvents and shifts to higher frequency in polar solvents with the increasing volume% of ketones. In acetonitrle, the νC=O frequency shifts to higher frequency as the volume% of ketones is increased except dimethyl ketone. The νC=O frequency shifts to lower frequency as the solvent system becomes increasingly polar or with the increasing extent of intermolecular hydrogen bonding, as in the case of increasing volume% chloroform in $CHCl_3$/$CCl_4$ solvent system.

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Preparation Technique of Thermostable Foam-Floater for High Temperature Engine Oil (고온 엔진오일용 내열성 발포부표 제조 기술)

  • Kim, Byoung-Sik;Hong, Joo-Hee;Chung, Yongjae;Heo, Kwang-Beom
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.82-86
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    • 2006
  • When a domestically manufactured floater is used in a general gasoline or LPG car, or a flowmeter is floated long time in the engine oil under above $150^{\circ}C$, the floater will be swelled or its organization will be slackened because weight and volume will be changed due to the osmosis of fuel. In this study, we conducted a research on a manufacturing technique of a foam-floater with the small changse in weight and volume, oil-resistance, and thermal resistance in the high temperature engine oil. When the prepared floater TROF II-3, where Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) as basic material of the floater was superseded by Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (HNBR), was floated for 100 h at the engine oil of high temperature ($150^{\circ}C$), the change rates of the weight and the volume were 2.90%, and 2.56%, respectively. These were less than the NBR (TROF I-3) case, where the change rates of the weight and the volume were 10.81% and 3.08%, respectively, Therefore, TROF II-3 was determined to be suitable as an engine-oil floater in high temperature because the change of weight and volume were small, the appearance, and the specific gravity of floater were maintained uniformly in the high temperature.