• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.849-857
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• 2016

In the growth of the Rubus coreanus Miquel fruits, the unripened (10 days) and ripened (25 days) fruits after flowering were harvested. The chemical characteristics of different maturational stages of the unripened and ripened fruits were investigated. Total amount of phenolic compounds was 4.00-7.56% in the unripened fruits and 3.78-5.57% in the ripened fruits, respectively. Furthermore, total amounts of organic acids such as malic, citric, succinic, and oxalic acids were 16.40 mg/100 g in the unripened fruits and 28.82 mg/100 g in the ripened fruits, respectively. In organic acids of the unripened and the ripened fruits, citric acid (8.76-15.47 mg/100 g) was the highest amount among other organic acids. Soluble sugars were significantly increased from 11.07 to 21.54% in the unripened and ripened fruits. Therefore, ripened fruits had the high levels of phenolic compounds, organic acids and soluble sugars. For the biological studies of R. coreanus, methanol extracts of R. coreanus leaves, fruits, and stems were evaluated for their insecticidal activities against Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Plutella xylostella (Lepioptera: Plutellidae) and Spodoptera litura (Lepioptera: Noctuidae) by leaf dipping method. From these results, the extract of R. coreanus leaves revealed potent insecticidal activity against P. xylostella. However, the methanol extracts of R. coreanus fruits and stems had no any insecticidal activity against M. persicae, P. xylostella and S. litura. The R. coreanus leaves have promising potential as new insecticidal agent against P. xylostella.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.160-170
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• 2015

In accordance to the increasing number of death due to cancer and side effects of chemotherapy, attention has recently focused on combined treatment of natural component and anti-tumor agent. Therefore development of safe and effective functional substances derived from natural materials is required. The emergence of various functional activities of Rubus coreanus Miquel, such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, etc. is continuously increasing its consumption. To utilize the above activities, many products developed by using Rubus coreanus Miquel extracts in the areas of foods, liquors, and cosmetics and medicines. In this review, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activity and patents of Rubus coreanus Miquel are summarized. Further studies are needed to search for development of functional material from natural origin and various application possibility using stem, leaf and fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.683-688
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• 2007

Total polyphenolic compounds, DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin A, C, E, flavonoid and anthocyanin of Rubus coreanus Miquel during maturation were investigated to expand the utilization of Rubus coreanus Miquel as functional food material. Physiological activities of unripened, middle-ripened and ripened fruit of Rubus coreanus Miquel were examined. The ripened fruit included higher contents of total polyphenolic compound compared with those of the other sample groups, unripened and middle-ripened fruit. SOD of unripened, middle-ripened and ripened fruit were 59.15, 80.05 and 95.03%, respectively. Scavenging concentration ($SC_{50}$) of unripened and middle-ripened fruit for 0.4 mM DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl) was 2.3 mg/mL by weight, but only 1.6 mg/mL for ripened fruit. The vitamin A content of the Rubus coreanus Miquel was found to be lower as the fruit ripened; however, vitamin E showed the reverse pattern. In addition Rubus coreanus Miquel is a fruit which has a high vitamin C content regardless of maturity. The flavonoid contents of Rubus coreanus Miquel were in order of ripened fruit ($49{\mu}m/mg$)>middle-ripened fruit ($16.4{\mu}m/mg)$>unripened fruit ($15.4{\mu}m/mg$). Also, the contents of anthocyanin in ripened fruit were $394.50{\mu}m/mg$, which were higher than those of middle-ripened ($12.43{\mu}m/mg)$ and unripened fruit ($7.89{\mu}m/mg$).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.176-185
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• 2007

This study investigated native Rubus coreanus community in Korea(Ulleung island and Jeju island excepted). The quadrates were located in the middle of the native Rubus coreanus habitats. As the result of the research, the patter of native habitats were found to be divided into mountain roadsides, second-transition rents, severely damaged rents in the mountain, strictly protected regions, and environmentally harsh regions. The research revealed 218 taxa in total, in which 71 families, 165 genera, 18 varieties,1 forma and 199 species were checked in the flora of the native Rubu coreanus habitats. In this flora, the perennial plants appeared in as much as 80.74% proportion and appearance-frequency of the compositae was highest, accounting for 7.80%.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.409-415
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• 2001

Physiological activities of unripened fruit, ripened fruit and leaf of Rubus coreanus Miquel were examined. Total polyphenolic compound content, electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging activity and SOD-like activity were examined using extracts of Rubus coreanus Miquel extracted with various extraction solvents such as 80% methanol, 75% acetone and water. The leaf part of Rubus coreanus Miquel included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other sample groups, unripened and ripened fruit. The total polyphenol compound content of leaf (100 g, dry base) extracted with 75% acetone showed the highest value of $5.06{\sim}5.87g$. As for EDA, unripened fruit showed over 90% of electron donating ability. No significant difference in EDA was found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 80% methanol, 75% acetone and water. Rubus coreanus Miquel extracts showed different nitrite scavenging abilities under different pH conditions. The nitrite scavenging abilities at pH 1.2 were in the range of $41.25{\sim}63.24%$ whereas they were $1.59{\sim}10.99%$ at pH 4.2 and $-2.84{\sim}7.94%$ at pH 6.0. The high levels of SOD-like activities were found in ripened fruit when different extracting methods were applied. Agar diffusion tests were accomplished to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracts prepared from unripened fruit, ripened fruit and leaf with various extraction solvents. All of the extracts revealed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus whereas no antimicrobial activities were observed against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.68-68
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• 2023

베리류 과수 가운데 블루베리, 아로니아, 복분자, 오디, 산딸기, 라즈베리 등 6종의 에탄올 추출물을 이용하여 총 폴리페놀 함량을 측정하고, DPPH법을 이용하여 항산화 활성을 측정하여 상호간 상관 관계를 분석하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 아로니아> 복분자> 오디> 블루베리> 라즈베리> 산딸기 순으로 나타났으며, 항산화 활성은 아로니아> 라즈베리 >복분자> 블루베리> 오디> 산딸기 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 총폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성과의 상관관계가 있다는 것을 확인하였으며, 그 중에서도 아로니아와 복분자가 강력한 항산화 활성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 라즈베리의 경우는 총폴리페놀 함량이 낮은데도 불구하고 항산화 활성이 높았다. 따라서 앞으로 라즈베리에 대한 선행연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. 이와 같은 결과들로 미루어 볼 때, 6종 베리류(블루베리, 아로니아, 복분자, 오디, 산딸기, 라즈베리) 에탄올 추출물은 농도 의존적으로 항산화 활성에 대한 효과가 양호하였으며, 이러한 연구결과들을 활용하여 트러블, 염증 억제제 및 항균활성으로 기능성 화장품의 신소재 개발이 가능하다고 판단된다.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.121-123
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• 2013

The strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. coccodes, C. acutatum isolated from black raspberry were pathogenic to apple and strawberry after dropping inoculation, but showed weak pathogenicity in hot-pepper and tomato. The anthracnose pathogens of C. gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, C. acutatum isolated from apple, hot-pepper and pumpkin showed pathogenicity in black raspberry. Moreover, the anthracnose pathogens isolated from apple caused disease symptoms in non-wounded inoculation.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2010

In this study, 5 species (Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, Endoclyta excrescens (Butler), leaf roller caterpillar (Adoxophyes orana Fisher), Anomis mesogona (Walker), and Aulacaspis rosae (Bouche)) were found in Rubus coreanus Miquel in Jeonbuk province, from 2006 to 2008. T. kanzawai appeared in mid-May and showed three peaks in late June, mid-July, and late August. Its density was over 10 adults per leaf. A. mesogona appeared in mid-June and showed two peaks in late July, and early October. Of the 28 insect pests in pre-harvesting, the 7 main species were T. kanzawai, T. urticae, A. orana, Lygocoris lucorum Meyer, Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), Psylliodes punctifrons Baly and Motschulskyia serrata (Matsumura). Of the 19 insect pests in after-harvesting, the 6 main species were T. kanzawai, E. excrescens, A. mesogona, A. orana, P. punctifrons and A. rosae. Growth of R. coreanus decreased when insect pests were not managed and yields decreased approx. 7% a year. Management of insect pests in field using pesticide was not different.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.341-347
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• 2011

To develop a healthy functional food containing Rubus coreanus fruit (RCF) powder with different degrees of ripening, the composition, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant activity of native RCF during ripening were investigated and compared with Rubus occidentalis fruit (ROF). Ripened RCF was bright red in color, whereas ripened ROF was dull and dark red in color. The seeds of RCF were softer and smaller than those of ROF. Crude protein, crude lipid, and total sugar content of RCF powder increased with increased ripening time, whereas ash and total dietary fiber contents decreased with increased ripening time. Color differences increased with Increased ripening. Eighteen types of amino acids were analyzed from RCF, and glutamic acid had the highest content. RCF powder had the highest level of potassium and calcium and did not contain any hazardous metals. Mineral and organic acid contents decreased according to ripening.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.1 s.60
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• pp.41-45
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• 2007

Recently plant extracts have obtained increased attention because of their health-related beneficial aspects. In this study, we evaluated anti-oxidation, whitening and anti-wrinkle of four different extracts obtained from Rubus coreanus (ethanol extracts of unripe, ripe fruits, leaves/stems, and roots). The ethanol extract of unripe fruits of Rubus coreanus generally showed stronger whitening and the anti-wrinkle activities than other extracts of Rubus coreanus. As a results, we knew that the ethanol extract of unripe Rubus coreanus fruit had mote possibility as a whitening and anti-wrinkle ingredient for skin care products.