• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.169-177
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to make an empirical analysis of how voluntary disclosure level has an impact on auditor's audit fees and audit hours and additionally identify if the relationship between the twos depends on the accounting quality. As final sample for analysis, this study targeted the KOSPI listed firms from 2007 to 2013, and as for audit fees(audit hours), 4,572 (4,460) corporate/annual data were used. The results from the empirical analysis in this study are as follows. First, auditor's audit fees appeared higher in KOSPI listed firms compared to the non-KOSPI listed firms, and when targeting the KOSPI listed firms only, the results were the same. Second, auditor's audit hours increased significantly in the KOSPI listed firms compared to the non-KOSPI listed firms, and this result appeared consistently even when analyzing the KOSPI listed firms only. Third, when the accounting quality was not good in the KOSPI listed firms, auditor's audit fees got significantly lower, whereas when targeting the KOSPI listed firms only, no relevance was found. Fourth, when the accounting quality was bad in the KOSPI listed firms, auditor's audit hours were found to have been spent less, but when analyzing the KOSPI listed firms only, such a fact was not identified. This study is significant in that it examined the fact that auditor's audit risk depends on voluntary disclosure level in terms of audit fees and audit hours.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.169-177
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• 2012

Due to the influences of global financial crisis, countries are putting their efforts on the enhancement of appropriateness and transparency of director compensation. In several countries including Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy, listed companies and financial institutions in certain levels make public announcement for compensations of individual directors, not the averages. Recently, even Asian countries including China, Hong Kong, and Singapore are introducing individual director compensation public announcement policies. On the other hand, in cases of companies, which must submit annual reports, under current Korean capital market laws and enforcement ordinances, they are obligated to mention 'total wage paid to all executives in that business year' on the annual report, but does not have to mention individual wages of each executive. About this, at the 17th national assembly, revised bill for the Securities and Exchange Act for companies to mention wages of each executive. The financial world is opposing to open individual director compensation to the public as they concern about the shrinking of outstanding human resources recruitment, breach of corporate confidence, privacy invasion, deterioration of labor-management relations, and downfall of the executive's management will as director compensation will be standardized downward; however, if public opening of individual director compensation is forced, domestic companies will prepare more objective and rational standards when they calculate director compensations, and moreover, it will prevent arbitrary intervention of dominant shareholders. Therefore, to clearly and efficiently control director compensation, we need regulations for obligating public opening of individual director compensation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.138-145
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• 2023

Purpose: In accordance with the increase in the number of buildings repaired and reinforced following deterioration from when a fire occurs in a previously reinforced building, the impact on the structure after the fire is analyzed to establish standards for repair and reinforcement measures. Method: After curing for 28 days, the process was to measure the compressive strength and induce destruction through a compressor, repair and reinforce it with epoxy, and conduct a re-compressive strength test on some specimens after curing for 3 days to understand the degree of strength restoration. The rest of the repaired and reinforced specimens as well as the unrepaired and unreinforced specimens were then put into an oven and heated according to the temporal and temperate conditions listed below, and then the compressive strength was tested to estimate the impact of fire. Result: After reinforcing the yielded specimen with epoxy, the process was to then put it in an oven and heat it at different temperatures over time. It was found that there was a decrease in the strength of the reinforcement more than that of the actual specimen. Conclusion: Based on this, it was found that a building repaired and reinforced with epoxy resin is actually more dangerous than a general unrepaired building when it is damaged by fire, and thus, that it must be prepared for fire vulnerabilities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.750-759
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• 2020

This study examine the relation between additional disclosure information of external audits details on consolidated financial statements, audit hours, and audit fees. The results of the analysis of listed companies that disclosed consolidated financial statements from 2014 to 2016 are as follows. First, the additional disclosures of the consolidated financial statements external audit is positively associated with the audit hours of the auditor. This result can be interpreted that the additional disclosure of the consolidated audit information is based on the incentive to provide useful information of auditor. Second, the audit fees of the auditors for additional disclosures in the consolidated financial statements were not significantly related. This suggests that, the additional disclosure of the consolidated audit practice is not based on the auditor's perception of the audit risk. This study provides that information on the external audit details of audit reports and consolidated audit reports is distinguished and disclosed, providing useful information to researchers. In addition, this study suggests policy implications by demonstrating that disclosure of the details of the external audit of the consolidated financial statements is based on the auditors' incentive to provide useful information.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.119-127
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• 2022

In order to analyze the effect of strengthening the disclosure of remuneration for high-paid workers among the measures to improve the governance structure of financial companies by the Financial Services Commission in 2018, this study demonstrated the compensation system, management performance, and improvement of governance for Korean financial companies from 2015 to 2020. Analysis was performed. As a result of the empirical analysis, it was found that financial companies after 2018 decreased the employee compensation disparity and the majority shareholding ratio, while the stock performance and foreign ownership ratio increased. This study has the greatest contribution in that it is the first domestic study to verify the effect of applying the so-called Say on Pay, which discloses management's remuneration and allows shareholders to check its appropriateness through voting.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.393-400
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• 2022

In a situation where the company handles accounting conservatively, the management's earnings forecasting information will be more conservative, and the conservativeness of this earnings forecasting information will have a differential effect in evaluating the performance of managers and paying compensation. This study aims to examine how the level of corporate accounting conservatism affects the forecast information of managers and how this affects the compensation of managers. This study establishes a hypothesis on the effect of the level of accounting conservatism on the earnings forecasting information and compensation of managers, and examines the relationship between managerial profit forecasting information & manager compensation according of conservatism in corporate accounting that can vary depending on the manager's disposition. As a result of the analysis, conservative managers are also conservative in earnings forecasting disclosure, and when corporate managers are highly conservative, they show their ability by making earnings forecasts disclosures more frequently and more accurately than corporate managers with low conservatism. It will help reduce the forecasting errors of stakeholders. Therefore, it is expected that this will play an important role in judging the manager's ability and determining compensation. Therefore, when a company handles accounting conservatively, management's earnings forecasts are also measured conservatively, which is expected to provide useful information on the basis and form of management's compensation to stakeholders.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.457-465
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• 2007

In this paper, polymer-modified repair materials using polymer dispersions with six repair methods are prepared with various polymer-cement ratios, and tested for compressive and flexural strengths through each curing condition such as dry cure, water cure, and freezing and thawing cyclic action. And, the adhesive interface between the polymer-modified mortar and mortar substrate is observed by a scanning electron microscope. From the test results, the compressive and flexural strengths of cement mortar repaired by polymer-modified mortar are improved with a rise in the polymer-cement ratio regardless of the type of polymer and curing conditions. Such an improvement in the strengths of polymer-modified repair materials to ordinary cement mortar is explained by the high adhesion of polymer-modified mortar. Strength reduction of polymer-modified repair materials after freezing and thawing cyclic actions is recognized, but it is lower than that of unmodified mortar. Especially, cement mortar repaired by polymer-modified mortar with a St/BA emulsion has good strength properties compared with those of SBR latex and PA emulsion. Accordingly, it is judged that polymer-modified mortars with a St/BA emulsion are possible to use as repair materials to ordinary cement mortar and concrete.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.421-447
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• 2016

I examine the situation in which the players compete to obtain economic rents which is generated by the market-based environmental regulation, such as carbon taxes or tradable permit allocations. Drawing on contest theory, I employ the sharing rules which is devised to motivate players best effort, and consider two models in carbon taxes: one model with observable sharing rules and the other model with unobservable sharing rules. I show that, first, the overall welfare of carbon taxes is always less than that of tradable permit allocations under the model with observable sharing rules. Second, depending on the share of the preassigned allocation in tradable permit allocations, the overall welfare of carbon taxes may be larger than that of tradable permit allocations under the model with unobservable sharing rules.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.79
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• pp.50-64
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• 1997

최근의 건축설비는 업무효율 향상을 위한 기능뿐만 아니라 쾌적한 주거 환경을 보장하기 위한 감성 설계를 중시하게 되었다. 이에 본 고에서는 최적 건축설비 관리를 위한 배관의 설계에서부터 시공, 유지보수에 이르기까지 관련 기술규격을 바탕으로 설명하고자 한다. 건축용 배관에는 급수 및 급탕설비, 위생설비를 포함한 배수설비, 공시조화용 냉난방 설비, 가스설비 및 소화설비용 배관으로 크게 분류할 수 있다. 본 고에서는 건축용 배관중에서 공기조화용 난방설비를 위주로 설명하고자 한다.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.103-108
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• 2020

본 연구는 미청구공사의 테마감리 지정으로 인해 해당 기업의 보수주의 성향이 증가하였는지 검증한다. 미청구공사에 대한 테마감리 대상지정 배경은 공사 진행률 과대산정 및 평가의 적정성 문제로 회계적 의혹의 적정성에서부터 출발하였다. 미청구공사 금액 계산 시 밀접하게 연관되는 공사진행률은 경영자의 재량적 판단이 반영될 수 있다. 만약 경영자가 이익을 상향할 목적으로 진행률을 부풀린다면 미청구공사가 과다하게 인식되는 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제점은 2013년 일부 건설업계의 어닝쇼크를 비롯하여 수주산업에서의 회계부실 문제가 사회적으로 큰 이슈가 되었다. 특히 조선업과 건설업의 잇달은 부실과 함께 미청구공사와 관련된 회계 불투명성이 크게 드러나는 등 회계자료에 대한 불신이 증가되었다. 이로 인해 미청구공사 과대계상 이슈는 금융감독원의 테마감리 대상으로 지정되었다. 본 연구의 실증분석 방법은 2012년부터 2017년까지 Basu(1997)의 보수주의 측정 모형을 이용하여 미청구공사 금액을 반영하기 전과 후를 비교하여 동 기업의 보수주의 회계처리에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 중요분석 결과로는 테마감리 지정 이후에 미청구공사에 대한 보수적 회계처리가 유의하게 증가되었다. 이를 통해 테마감리 지정 목적인 미청구공사금액의 과대계상 금지와 공시 강화라는 측면에서 그 실효성을 확인하였다.