• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.351-355
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• 1995

The inhibitory effects of methanol, ethanol, chloroform/ methanol and water extracts from natural and cultural yams on the mutagenicity in the cooked pork (broiled and panfried) and the chemically induced mutagen, sodium azide, benzo(a)pyrene and 2-aminofluorene were investigated using salmolla typhimurium TA 100. In the presence of the S9 mixture, ethanol extract from natural yam showed high inhibitory effect on the mutagenicity of the cooked pork. But benzo(a)pyrene, supposed to be produced in mutagen during cooking, did not show high inhibitory effect in same extract. Besids, the yam extract on the mutagenicity of the sodium azide without S9 mixture showed low inhibitory effect. However 2-aminoflourene with S9 mixture showed high inhibitory effect, 91.5％.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.159-160
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• 2016

본 연구는 우리나라 수출입 컨테이너화물의 5대 내륙기종점 권역별로 항만집중도 및 변이효과를 분석함으로써, 항만간 경쟁 구도 및 효율적인 컨테이너부두 개발 및 운영에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 2011년, 2006년, 2011년의 항만별 내륙기종점 조사자료를 바탕으로 허쉬만-허펜달지수 및 변이할당법을 활용하여 분석하였다.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.23-46
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• 2014

Applying the dynamic shift-share analysis, this paper decomposes inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) of Korea for the period of 2003-2012 into three components: world growth effect, industry-mix effect and competitive effect. Taking the group of developed countries as population for comparison, this paper finds that Korea has been lagging behind the group of developed countries in attracting FDIs, thereby having recorded negative aggregate industry-mix effects and negative aggregate competitive effects as well. However, the following industries have recorded positive competitive effects: textiles, chemicals, electrical and electronic equipment, motor vehicles and other transport equipment, hotels and restaurants and business services. Moreover, in the sub-period of 2008-2012, positive competitive effects have been recorded for most manufacturing industries. This reflects the fact that inward FDI into Korea has not been affected much by the financial crisis of 2009.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.135-149
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• 2016

This study analyzes the concentration ratios (CR) and the shift effect in the system of Korean container ports that concern the export and import of container cargos, especially from/to 5 overseas origin/destination (O/D) regions, using the Hirshmann-Herfindahl Index (HHI) and the Shift-Share Method. The results shows that the CR has decreased during the last 20 years, from 0.86 to 0.44, mainly because cargos from/to the Far-East/South-East Asian regions have become more dispersed to several domestic container ports, especially from the Port of Busan. This study also indicates that there has been little change in the CR for all cargos, like the value of -0.3%, in the last 5 years. However the change in CRs for the cargos from/to the North America and Europe is positive, with the value of 7.6% and 6.6%, respectively. It can be inferred that the future development of medium- and small-sized container ports in Korea is not very likely. The study also suggests that the CR and the shift effect of the Korean container ports for the cargos by the domestic O/D regions should be analyzed in the future to suggest policy implications in great detail.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.475-481
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• 1998

This study was performed to determine the mutagenicity of pork and ham pot-stew and the anti-mutagenicity of various additive materials on pot-stew by the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Boiled kimchi didn't show mutagenicity and effectively inhibited the mutagenicity induced by 4-NQO and Trp-p-1. But boiled pork and ham showed mutagenicity dose-responsively and pork's mutagenicity was higher than that of ham. On the mutagenicity of boiled pork and ham, the inhibition of kimchi was most effective and when scallion and galic was added with mushroom showed synergic effect. Boiled ham made in USA did not show mutagenicity different from ham made in Korea because of the addtion of ascorbic acid and when mutagen was added it's mutagenicity was lower than that of ham made in Korea.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.46-49
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• 2009

The desmutagenic activity of the water extract of Cassia tara L on the mutagenicity induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) and N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguani-dine (MNNG) was studied using the SOS Chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. The inhibition rates of water extract of Cassia tara L. at concentration of $100{\mu}g$/assay were 27.5% and 40% against 4-NQO and MNNG. The water extract of Cassia tara L. was separated into methanol soluble and methanol insoluble parts. The methanol soluble part exhibited higher inhibition effects than the methanol insoluble part against the mutagenic activities of 4-NQO and MNNG. Step-wise fractionation of methanol soluble part was done to obtain methanol, ethyl acetate and water fractions. Among these fractions, water fraction had the strongest inhibitory effects of 23.0 and 19.0% against mutagenicities of MNNG and 4NQO, respectively. The results clearly indicated that the water fraction showed much stronger antimutagenicity against MNNG than 4NQO. The inhibition rates of aqueous fraction of methanol-soluble from water extracted Cassia tara L. at concentrations of 1.0, 10, 100 and $250{\mu}g$/assay were 8.0%, 12.0%, 25.5% and 43.0%, respectively. The water fraction showed the inhibitory effects with dose response against the mutagenic activities induced by MNNG.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 1986

Each molecular weight (Mw) fraction of melanoidins prepared from a D-glucose and glycine system, i. e., Mw below 1,000, Mw between 1,000 to 5,000 and Mw above 5,000 and nondialyzable and ozone-treated melanoidins were reacted with heat-induced mutagens such as Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, Glu-P-1, Glu-P-2 and IQ at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The inhibitory effects of the melanoidins on the mutagens increased with increasing molecular weight. The reducing ability ana antioxidative activity of melanoidins also increased in proportion to the increase in molecular weight, whereas the mutagenic inhibitory effect decreased on reduction of the melanoidins with sodium borohydride. It was also observed that a part of Trp-P-1 was adsorbed to melanoidin molecules. On modification of amino groups of these mutagens with carbonyl compounds derived through the Maillard reaction such as diacetyl and glyceraldehyde, their mutagenic activities were remarkably suppressed. Accordingly, it is speculated that the mutagenic inhibitory action of melanoidins is due to their reducing ability and antioxidative activity, and electrostatic binding and carbonyl groups of the melanoidin molecules.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2018

The standard shift-share analysis decomposes a region's sectoral growth into three components: national, industry-mix, and regional-shift effects. Nevertheless, the three components of the traditional shift-share are not related to the behavior of the regional economies that are neighbors of the region under analysis. We incorporate a spatial structure within this basic formulation, and consider spatial interaction in the decomposition analysis. Daesan Port's export grew steadily at an annualized average rate of 4.0% during 2011-2017, and its rank, in terms of export performance, was 13 in 2010; this rose to 6 in 2016, then declined slightly to 7 in 2017 before reaching 6 as of June, 2018. However, not all ports have a similar growth path. The Onsan Port's share declined from 27.4% in 2011 to 21.0% to 2017, whereas the share of petroleum product exports of Daesan Port increased rapidly, from approximately 8.5% in 2011 to 16.0% in 2017. The standard shift-share analysis shows that petroleum products and basic petrochemicals have a positive regional in dustry-mix effect, but petrochemistry materials and synthetic resins have a negative sign, indicating that the former's exports grow faster than national export, while the increase of the latter's export is slower than national one. The spatial shift-share model indicates that for both petroleum products and basic petrochemicals, Incheon and Ulsan Ports have a positive value for the neighbor-nation regional shift effect and a positive value for the region-neighbor regional shift effect. This paper also shows that Yeosu Port for petroleum products; Ulsan Port for basic petrochemicals; Ulsan, Onsan and Yeosu Ports for petrochemistry materials; and Ulsan, Busan, and Incheon Ports for synthetic resins have a positive value for the neighbor-nation regional shift effect but a negative value for the region-neighbor regional shift effect.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.16-25
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• 1994

Sporulation mutants of Bacillus subtilis were developed for overproduction of heterologous proteins. The strains spoOJ spoIIG, and spoOJ spoIIG double mutant were constructed from two pretense-delfted mutant (DB104). The vector containing aprE gene was integrated in the chromosome of each strain, then the morphology of each strain was observed by TEM (trasmission electron microscopy). The morphology of spoOJ mutant and spoIIG mutant coincides with the description of the previous reports, respectively. The sporulating cells of spoOJ SpoIIG double mutation resemble spoIIG mutant more similarly, but with a little rougher cell wall membrane. The spoOJ mutation in B. subtilis gives negative effect on aprE activity with only a decreased sporulation frequency. On the contrary spoIIG mutation increases the aprE activity twice with an undetectable sporulation frequency. In the case of spoOJ and spolIG, i. e. double mutation, the effect of spoOJ on aprE activity seems to be relieved and the double mutant shows more or less the same aprE activity compared to spoIIG mutant.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 1982

Mutants of plasmid pKM101 modified to enhance mutagenesis were induced and characterized in Salmonella typhimurium. The pKM101 mutant plasmid were transferred normally and stably maintained in cells. They had modified in their ability (i) to enhance the reversion of both point and frameshift mutations, (ii) to protect the cell against UV-irradiation and chemical mutagen treatment, (iii) of ampicillin resistance. A similar modification in enhancement of reversion was also observed in a $uvrB^-$ strains. These results indicated that mutator effect of pKM101 was coded by one plasmid gene.