• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-142
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• 2005

This study was conducted to suggest the research domains of Criminal Psychology, which is needed to improve the disciplinary identity of the Korean Criminal Psychology. Some major textbooks of Criminal Psychology, Forensic Psychology, Legal Psychology are written by korean and foreign psychologists. Major definitions and research domains of Criminal Psychology was compared and reviewed. For aggregating the criminal psychological researches were studied by korean psychologists, a total of 211 articles and papers, which was published by Korean Psychological Association, 5 Sub-psychological Associations, and Korean Law Psychological Association, were reviewed. Several the major research domains in Criminal Psychology was suggested as follows: General psychological theories, aggression·anger·morality, adolescent delinquency, mind and motivations of criminals, victims, investigation techniques, testimony, assessment·counseling·correction·rehabilitation of criminals, prediction and prevention of crime.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.spc
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• pp.117-146
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• 2004

This paper is a preliminary literature review to give lights on the importance of academic research on sex offences. First, definition and etiological factors of sex offences were introduced and then it was attempted to classify offensive behaviors. Furthermore, it was explored on which aspects of our criminal justice system the research results in the Western societies could be applied. Related to recidivism research, risk factors were explored again and intervention strategies were investigated to reduce the future risk of sex offenders. Finally, these findings were evaluated for the applicability to Korean criminal justice system.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-37
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• 2004

Criminology is not a science yet in the sense that the word is used to describe the hard science. It is due to the fact that sociologists have dominated in the study of crime and criminals. Thus, future criminological studies should adopt an interdisciplinary approach including such disciplines as biology, psychology, sociology, and so on. The interdisciplinary approach needs to pursue a general theory by systematizing the achievements from various disciplines in the explanation of criminal behavior. The current study also discussed several issues which are conducive to the scientific study of criminal behavior.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2003

A survey of 220 male and 233 female residents of Seoul was carried out to investigate why women appeared to be more fearful of crime than men. As expected, female respondents reported higher levels of fear of crime and perceived physical vulnerability to crime. Incivility factors in the neighborhood and perceived possibility of criminal victimization were significant predictors of fear of crime for both male and female respondents. For women more psychological variables such as trait anxiety and age were other significant predictors of their fear of crime, whereas the distance to police station and frequency of watching crime-related TV programs were significant predictors for men's fear of crime.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.329-347
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• 2012

Criminal media such as dramas and movies are growing in popularity. However, the effects of criminal media as well as its psychological mechanism are not clearly examined. Based on social learning theory (Bandura, 1978), past studies showed that arrest and punishment to the criminal in media have a suppressing effect. The present research examined the ironic possibility that media coverage of punishment could increase the audience's criminal intention and proposed the mediating role of counterfactual thinking in the effect. We hypothesized that when punishment was depicted as accidental rather than unavoidable in media coverage, perceived high mutability and counterfactuals focusing on the accidental factors could clarify the ways to commit the crime without being caught and subsequently increase future criminal intention. In this study, 95 college students read a story of plagiarizing either no, accidental, or inevitable punishment, and later asked to report their intention to plagiarize. An ANCOVA with participants' own history of plagiarism as a covariate found that the intention of plagiarism in future was significantly different. The results showed that the intention of plagiarism in the accidental punishment condition was higher than that in the inevitable punishment condition. Further, the intention of plagiarism in the accidental punishment condition was the same level with non-punishment condition. The findings suggest that whether criminals are caught or not is not enough to reduce criminal intentions of audience, but how criminals are caught matters.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.117-134
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of callous-unemotional traits(CU) on juvenile crime and explore additional effects of parenting and socioeconomic status on juvenile crime. A total of 103 juvenile probationers completed self-report questionnaires at 3 probation offices in Seoul, and a total of 123 high school students completed self-report questionnaires in Seoul and Gyeonggi. The results of this study were as follows. First, juvenile crime group showed higher score in uncaring subscale of CU, lower parent's education and lower economic level than normal group. Second, in both groups, uncaring subscale of CU showed negative correlations with parent's acceptance and daily monitoring. Third, in logistic regression, uncaring subscale of CU and low economic level significantly predicted juvenile crime group. This study suggests that uncaring characteristic of CU and socioeconomic status are potential factors contributing to juvenile crime.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-190
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify whether it is possible for participants to discriminate between innocent and guilty suspects when they are exposed to criminal information utilizing an autobiographical implicit association test (aIAT). A total of 49 college students were randomly assigned to guilty group, innocent-aware group, or innocent-unaware group. Participants performed an aIAT to detect suspects after performing either mock crime or control task. It was verified that innocent suspect and guilty suspect exposed with crime information could be distinguished through D-score and reaction time, converted to symbolize strength of the association between guilty sentences, innocent sentences, and truth sentences. As a result of the analysis, guilty group showed significantly higher D-score than both innocent-aware group and innocent-unaware group. guilty group also showed faster response time in true-guilty condition than true-innocent condition. This shows that the association of true-guilty conditions is stronger than that of true-innocent conditions. On the other hand, the innocent-aware group showed a faster response time in the true-innocent condition than the true-guilty condition, and innocent-unaware group showed no significant difference between the two conditions. Through this, it was confirmed that innocent suspects exposed to criminal information can be discriminated according to the aIAT pattern, which has a faster reaction rate to the truth and innocence union than the guilty group. This study confirmed that suspects exposed to criminal information can be effectively discriminated using aIAT, and further suggests the usefulness and potential of aIAT in the field of lie detection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.112-114
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• 2017

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.89-115
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• 2020

Traditional deception detection methods had examined the difference of one's autonomic physiological responses through asking crime-related and crime-unrelated questions. There has been a continuing controversy regarding the accuracy and validity of the test, and thus, many researchers were motivated to explore and develop alternative efficient methods of detection in which one of them is known as P300-based Complex Trial Protocol (CTP). The P300-based CTP detects deception through comparing the P300 amplitudes between probe and irrelevant stimuli and is known as a counterstrategy of countermeasures. However, many previous studies have used countermeasures created from Rosenfeld et al.'s work (2008). The present study initially conducted a survey asking open-ended questions about the countermeasure use to acquire participant-oriented countermeasures for the main experiment. Then, the study aimed to evaluate whether the CTP can accurately detect deception even in the use of survey-based countermeasures. We firstly selected a set of participant-oriented countermeasures through survey questions. Then, a total of 50 participants were divided into three groups (innocent, guilty, and countermeasures) and performed the CTP. Those assigned to the countermeasures group covertly performed mental countermeasures during the CTP. The results of P300 amplitude analysis revealed that the guilty group's P300 amplitude of probe stimuli was significantly larger than that of irrelevant stimuli. Countermeasures group also had a significantly larger P300 amplitude for probe stimuli compared to irrelevant stimuli, even in the use of countermeasures. The results of bootstrapped amplitude difference (BAD) showed a detection accuracy rate of 81.25%, 82.35%, 82.35% for the innocent, guilty, and countermeasures groups, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the CTP can obtain a high detection rate in participant-oriented countermeasures and suggest the potential use of the CTP in the field.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.121-145
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• 2022

The current study applied the random forest algorithm to Korean crime victim survey data collected biennially between 2010 and 2018 to explore the relationship between crime/victim characteristics and the victim's criminal damages. A total of 3,080 cases including gender, age (life cycle stage), type of crime, perpetrator acquisition, repeated victimization, psychological damage (depression, isolation, extreme fear, somatic symptoms, interpersonal problems, moving out to avoid people, suicidal impulses, suicide attempts), and emotional changes after victimization (changes in self-protection confidence, self-esteem, confidence in others, confidence in legal institutions, and respect for Korean legal system/law) were analyzed. Considering the features of data that are difficult to apply traditional statistical techniques, this study implemented random forest algorithms to predict crime and victim characteristics using the victim's criminal damages (psychological damage and emotional change) and selected good predictors using VSURF function in VSURF package for R. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the relationship between the type of crime and depression, extreme fear, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal problems, between perpetrator acquisition and somatic symptoms and interpersonal problems, and between repeated victimization and changes in respect for Korean legal system/law. Gender and life cycle stage (youth/adult/elderly) were found to be related to extreme fear and changes in self-protection confidence, respectively. However, more empirical evidence should be aggregated to explain the results as meaningful. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to enhance the experts' knowledge and educate them on cases about the relationship between crime/victim characteristics and criminal damage. Strengthening their interview strategy and knowledge about law/rules were also needed to increase the effectiveness of the Korean victim assessment system.