• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2011

The research of psychological supporting systems as safety and welfare for disaster victims damaged psychologically as well as physically by a sudden disaster to return to effectively their social life has been carried. The domestic National Emergency Management Agency(NEMA) is operating the Disaster Victim Psychology Support Center that helps with curing damaged psychology and studies the transmission system of psychology management services, the classification of victims for disaster psychology support, and emergency consultation method to systemically support disaster psychology management. However, current psychology supporting centers provide the simple information for supporting centers such as medical and social welfare organizations. The development research of IT-based management systems to obtain needed information to construct the proposed systems curing psychological damage is still primitive step. Therefore, this paper shall propose a GIS-based integrated management system for victims and managers to effectively share related information one another and to return to victims' social life as soon as possible. Also, we implement a simple prototype system based on the Web. The proposed system supports the spatial search and statistical analysis based on map as well as keyword search, because having the location information on disaster victims, damage occurrence places, welfare and medical institutions, and psychological supporting centers. In addition, this system has the advantage reducing the frequency of disaster damage by providing aids in making efficient policy systems for the managers.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.92-104
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• 2015

In order to analyze the impacts of climate change, a time and space integrated model was developed in this study using system dynamics and GIS. The model built was used to carry out a simulation on the inundation impact on A-gu of Busan Metropolitan city resulting from the sea level rise scenario of IPCC and storm surge, which is the worst case. Through this, the flooded area and population until 2100 were predicted. Also, the result and significance of each alternative was reviewed improving the model by establishing alternative scenarios of protection, accommodation and retreat as plans of reaction to sea level rise. The combination of system dynamics and GIS has advantages of how the diverse variables change until the target year can be traced and, accordingly, not only the results but also the processes of spatial change can be examined by calculating the value of change process at each time step. The synergy of this model presumed to be a foothold for solving problems which are becoming difficult to predict due to increase in uncertainty and complexity such as the support for decision making for urban resilience to natural disasters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.507-515
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• 2016

In South Korea, there are a large number of tunnels because of the mountainous terrain, and to overcome this characteristics, lengths of tunnels are more longer than existing tunnels. The need to improvement current tunnel management contents is giving rise for accidents in tunnel section is continuously increased although lots of efforts to reduce the accidents. Conventionally, disaster prevention have been focused on the Tunnel Management Systems, tunnel operators generally tend to depend on CCTV images for most contents of detailed traffic flow managing. In this paper, investigation about current Tunnel Management Systems contents using IPA survey was conducted, and Priority Improvement Contents(Accident Situation Management Support, 2nd Accident Management Support, Traffic Flow Monitoring), which importance are high, but satisfaction are low, are deducted. Also, CCTV images, lack intuitive understanding, are judged as a main cause of low satisfaction of those contents. To overcome those limitations of the existing Tunnel Management Systems, this study sought to develop a technology for the synthesis of road images to derive traffic information from synthesis images, and the contents improvement stragegy is established. Tunnel operators-oriented satisfaction survey on new contents was carried out, and scored 4.2 on a 5-point scale. This has confirmed that the availability of new contents and at this stage, with pushing ahead of long-tunnels and undersea tunnels construction, politic applications are expected.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.132-147
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• 2008

So far ubiquitous service (u-service) priority has seldom been empirically examined based on the customer's view. It is usual to prioritize the relative importance of u-service variables by the supplier's intuition and a few specialist's experienced knowledge. Such approaches have the disadvantage that they provide only limited empirical information on the field practices in relation to u-service since customer demand of u-service is poorly defined despite abundant interest in this problem. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop u-service priority model in the context of multi-criteria framework integrating customer and supplier's view, using high technology acceptance theory as major controlling factors. An important question was how to measure or represent criteria that is important to u-service and should be included in a priority model. The selection criteria for the model variables were derived from high technology acceptance theory and AHP approach through the analysis of frequency count, elimination of overlapping factors and brainstorming with specialists. Daegu showed top-rankings in transportation-aid service, guidance service for the eyesight disabled and u-telematics service. In contrast, disaster prevention service and industrial specialized town service ranked highly in the typical supplier's approach were not a dominant determining factor in the u-service priority. The model identified the fact that typical high priority service in terms of supplier's view did not necessarily accompany the important predictor for the u-service priority.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.560-571
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• 2020

Essential urban services that protect citizens' lives and property such as firefighting, disaster and crime prevention, should be provided equally to all citizens regardless of their location, personal status, and income. This paper analyzes the equality of firefighting services in spatial and social perspective in Daejeon Metropolitan City. For this the accessibility of fire service was analyzed for all settlements in the city. In addition, the distribution status of low-income class and forecasted income each region were compared to analyze whether the area where fire fighting service in 5 minutes was related to the distribution of income class. According to the analysis, the area where fire service can be provided within 5 minutes was 46.2% of Daejeon, and 98.0% of the population lived in this area. The proportion of old-age pensioners living in the area where fire service can't be provided within 5 minutes was 52.7%, reise than the average of 7.14% in Daejeon. In addition, in areas where the provision of firefighting services exceeds five minutes, the forecasted income tends to be lower in areas where service arrival is delayed. Therefore, it can be said that the economically vulnerable people living in the outskirts of Daejeon are not provided with equal urban services, and policy consideration is required accordingly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

This study investigated the process of change of 32 urban parks designated during the period of Japanese colonial rule according to growth and development of the city in Busan. Particularly, researching included analyizing books, notification, data, and documents relevant to the history of urban planning published by Busan city. As a result, Daejeong Park, Gokwan Park, and Yongdusan Park had been utilized by Japanese residents under the Japanese colonial rule before planning of urban parks, and 32 parks legally specified in 1944 were planned by considering the prevention against disasters. After emancipation, there were an unauthorized building, housing construction, business district, public office, and school facility in the sites of the parks due to the influence of the Korean War and reorganization of urban planning. The majority of parkways and small parks downtown were eliminated. However, unexecuted parks that the government had designed on the edge of town during the Japanese colonial period have become major parks downtown through the city's growth. Yeonji Park, Yangjeong Park, and Danggok Park have been being building as a business of parks for a comfortable city, forming downtown along with the Green-Busan Policy. Thus, 32 parks designated under the Japanese colonial rule have made or got out of use reflecting on the phases of the times of modern Korean society. It turns out that these parks need an investigation about condition for land possession and purchase of the site of the parks in order for social common capital.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.278-278
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• 2012

최근 녹색도시를 지향하면서 도시 내에서의 물의 순환에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며 도시계획 단계에서부터 물의 순환을 고려하려는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 국토해양부, 환경부, 소방방재청 및 지방자치단체들은 법령, 기준, 지침 및 조례 등을 제정하여 물순환을 도시개발 이전의 상태가 될 수 있도록 시설 설치를 유도하고 있다. 그러나, 개별시설들의 조합이 유역규모의 물순환에 미치는 영향 평가는 이루어지고 있지 못한 실정이다. 종래에는 홍수저감을 목적으로 홍수저류지와 침투시설에 대하여 설계하고 시공을 하였으나 장기적인 관점에서 LID 시설의 효과를 평가하여 도시 계획 단계에서 반영하지는 못하였다. 그리고 이들 개별 LID 시설(침투, 저류 등)에 대한 단위 시설의 규모 설계에 그치고 있어 개선 시설이 다중으로 조합되어 분산 계획되었을 경우, 유역 규모에서 물순환의 긍정적인 변화를 판단하기는 어려운 형편이다. 도시지역에서의 LID(Low Impact Development) 효과 분석과 연계된 유역 물순환 해석을 위하여 독일, 호주 및 미국에서는 STORM, Urban Developer, SUSTAIN(System for Urban Stromwater Treatment, and Analysis INtegratration) 및 SWMM LID(Storm Wastewater Management Model LID) 등의 모형을 출시하고 실무에 적용하고 있다. 그러나, 해외에서 개발된 기술은 국내의 유역 환경을 충분히 반영하기 어렵다. 저수지 혹은 하천에서의 취수 등과 같이 국내의 복잡한 물순환 형태를 반영하는데 한계가 있으며, 기존의 물순환 해석모형에 의한 LID 시설을 계획하는 방법은 홍수저감에 국한되어 있고, 하천 유량이나 지하수위 측정 자료가 부족한 대상지역에 대한 장기적인 유역 물순환 및 도시 개발과 같은 토지이용 변화가 물순환에 미치는 영향을 해석하는데 있어 제한이 있고, 개별적으로 설치된 LID 시설들이 유역의 물순환을 개선하는 효과를 종합적, 정량적으로 구현하는데 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시 개발 지역의 장기간에 걸친 물순환의 변화를 예측하고 물순환을 개선시키는 대안 시설의 효과를 사전에 평가하는 것을 목표로 김현준 등(한국건설기술연구원, 2011)이 개발한 유역 물순환 해석 모형인 CAT(Catchment hydrologic cycle Assessment Tool)을 이용하였다. 특히, CAT은 사용자의 목적에 맞는 다양한 물순환 개선시설(침투시설, 저류지, 습지, 빗물저장 시설, 리사이클 및 외부급수 등)의 구현 및 모의가 가능하도록 개발되었다. 대상유역으로는 경기도 Y지구를 선정하였으며 도시개발 시나리오(전원도시 및 산업도시 등)에 따른 LID 효과 분석을 실시하였다. 대상지역에 대한 도시유형별 개발계획에 따른 개발 전 후 물순환 변화량 분석 및 LID 시설 계획에 의한 물순환 개선효과를 살펴보면 1998년부터 2007년까지의 평균 강우량을 1,271mm라고 할 때 산업도시의 경우 도시 개발 전의 증발산, 직접유출 및 기저유출은 각각 53%, 29%, 19%로 나타났으며 도시 개발 후 35%, 54%, 12%로 직접유출이 개발 전에 비해 86%나 증가하여 개발에 따른 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 이러한 개발에 따른 영향을 최소화하기 위하여 LID 시설을 계획하여 효과를 분석한 결과 증발산, 직접유출, 기저유출이 44%, 34%, 13%로 나타나 도시 개발 후의 왜곡된 물순환 체계가 개발전의 수준과 근접하게 나타나 LID 시설의 긍정적인 효과를 검토할 수 있었다. 이상에서와 같이 CAT 모형을 사용하여 도시유역의 물순환 체계를 진단하고, LID 시설의 효과를 평가할 수 있게 됨으로써 향후 도시유역에 대한 물순환 정상화를 실현하기 위한 정책 수립에 기초자료를 제공하고, 설계 실무에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.577-577
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• 2016

기후변화는 전 지구적 현상으로 이로 인한 홍수피해는 심화되고 있다. 기후변화 정부간 협의체 5차 보고서(IPCC, 2014)에 의하면 1980년대 이전 세계 평균 홍수피해액은 70억 달러 수준이었으나 2011년에는 240억 달러로 크게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 2013년 필리핀에 태풍 '하이옌' 내습으로 인해 6,200여명이 사망하고, 2천여명이 실종되는 피해가 발생하였다. 국내의 경우 2014년 8월 경남 부산지역에는 시간당 130mm가 넘는 국지성 호우에 따라 차량 4,000여대가 침수, 5명 사망 등 약 125억원의 재산피해가 발생한 바 있다. 국회예산정책처(2012)와 소방방재청(2014)에 따르면, 자연재해 중 집중호우 및 태풍에 의한 호우피해가 85%를 차지하였으며, 전국 하천 피해액의 98.7%가 지방 및 소하천에서 발생하고 있다. 이에 따라 중소하천과 같이 소외된 지역의 물복지 향상을 위해서는 홍수재해 상황에 대하여 선제적 효과적 대응을 위한 과학적 체계적인 홍수통합관리 체계의 구축이 요구되고 있다. 특히 홍수관련 유관기관 자료를 연계한 실시간 상 하류 수문상황 모니터링, 홍수분석 및 하천수위별 대응기준 수립, 배수펌프장 등 수리시설원격 제어 등을 포함하는 홍수 통합관리체계 구축과 같은 비구조적 대책의 수립이 제방정비, 저류조 등 구조적 대책과 병행하여 반드시 추진되어야 한다. 이에 K-water는 ICT기반의 물관리기술력과 경험을 활용하여, 인력 기술력 예산 부족 등 열악한 재난관리 여건으로 어려움을 겪고 있는 지자체와 협업을 통해 홍수통합관리체계 구축을 지원하고 있다. 홍수통합관리체계 구축은 지자체 상 하류의 다양한 재난정보를 수집 통합하고, 수집된 정보를 활용한 홍수분석 및 홍수 대응기준 수립을 통해 예방적 재난대응 체계를 마련하는 것으로, K-water는 지난 2010년 남원시를 시작으로 무주군, 군산시, 진안군 등 21개 지자체의 홍수재해 통합관리체계 구축을 지원하고 있다. 특히 남원시의 경우 본 사업을 통한 시스템 구축후 홍수피해액이 50% 감소한 것으로 확인되는 등 재난관련 골든타임을 확보하고 홍수피해 최소화를 위한 홍수재해 통합관리 체계 구축은 이제 선택이 아닌 필수라 할 수 있다. K-water는 물관리 전문 공기업으로써의 역할을 다하고, 예방 중심의 재난관리 체계 마련을 위해 '지자체 맞춤형 홍수통합관리체계' 구축 지원을 지속적으로 확대해나갈 예정이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2018

Sea pollution accidents have been occurred due to the increase of marine ship traffic. Oil spill from the hull hole induced by tanker collision results in the huge sea pollution. Proper and prompt reaction on such oil spill disaster is needed to minimize the damage. Thru-hull emergency wood plug is typically used to manually close small holes, while it is required to develop some mechanical devices for closing large holes in the hull due to huge fluid pressure. Accurate estimation of oil discharge and velocity from such holes are important to develop proper device to control hull hole damage. High resolution CFD modeling investigation on the configurations of hull hole of 7.5 m initial depth and 30 cm diameter, which was observed in the oil spill accident of the Hebei Sprit off the west coast of Korea in 2007, has been carried out to compute the oil spill velocity distribution in terms of flow depth. Friction loss due to the viscous flow and the discharge coefficient of crude oil with specific gravity SG = 0.85 and viscosity of $4-12cP(mPa{\cdot}s)$ at the temperature of $20^{\circ}C-100^{\circ}C$ are presented in terms of Reynolds number based on the results of high-resolution CFD modeling.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.439-449
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• 2021

The recent reduction in greenhouse gases, interest in environmental pollution such as low-carbon emission policies is increasing. Accordingly, the penetration rate of eco-friendly vehicles, including hydrogen battery vehicles capable of reducing carbon emission, is increasing, and thus it is required for disaster prevention and safety-related measures. In this study, the degree of risk for the concentration distribution of hydrogen when leaking hydrogen fuel vehicles according to ventilation conditions was analyzed through numerical analysis, limited to places in parking lots. As a result, when only one hydrogen tank was released, the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the underground parking lot was up to 8.6%, and as ventilation continued, the volume ratio of combustible hydrogen decreased to less than 1% after 150 seconds, indicating that mechanical ventilation is essential. In the case of simultaneous release or stage release of three hydrogen tanks, the final combustible volume ratio of hydrogen is similar, but the increase in the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the early stage of release is low, and further research is expected.