• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.333-338
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• 2017

Cellulosic alcohol fermentation has recently gained more attention in the production of ethanol, butanol, and 2,3-butanediol. However, it was revealed that the process had several hurdles, such as, an expensive cost for biomass decomposition to yield fermentable sugars and a production of byproduct lignin. As an alternative for the process through biomass saccharification, the alcohol production through syngas from biomass has been studied. In this study, we reviewed acetogen and its central metabolic pathway, Wood-Ljungdahl route, capable of utilizing syngas. Furthermore, the metabolic engineering strategies of acetogen for bio-alcohol production from syngas was also reviewed with a brief perspective.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.428-435
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• 2019

A comparative evaluation of engine cleanliness was performed on the transport gasoline blended with bio- alcohols, and this study was considered to achieve the aim of greenhouse gas reduction in Korea. In particular, the fuel blended with bio-ethanol and bio-butanol showed the best engine cleaning performance both on combustion chamber deposits and intake valve deposits. The deposit control gasoline additive was effective to remove intake valve deposits. In contrast, the amount of combustion chamber deposits were tend to increase even though fuels blended with bio-alcohols were used. In overall, fuels blended with bio-alcohols, compared to fossil fuels, still showed outstanding performance in terms of engine cleanliness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.160-160
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• 2010

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 2021

We investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of extracts from the Undaria pinnatifida and Costaria costata against ethanol-induced oxidative damage. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were highest in the 70% ethanol extract from Undaria pinnatifida and Costaria costata. Also, the radical scavenging activity of DPPH (IC₅₀ 0.33± 0.21, 0.48±0.47 mg/ml) and ABTS (IC₅₀ 0.34±0.30, 0.47±0.17 mg/ml) in the 70% ethanol extract was higher than that of the hot water and 10% ethanol extracts. To determine the hepatoprotective effects of extracts in ethanol-induced oxidative damage, cell viability was measured using an MTT assay. In the pre-treatment of Undaria pinnatifida and Costaria costata hot water extracts, the concentration-dependent increased the cell viability compared with the ethanol treated cells (73.95%) by 89.91~97.63% and 84.99~90.54%, respectively. The data suggests that 70% ethanol extracts have antioxidant activity and hot water extracts exhibit hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, Undaria pinnatifida and Costaria costata may be considered potential agents for control ethanol-induced liver damage.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.105-108
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• 2011

The increased concern for the security of the oil supply and the negative impact of fossil fuels on the environment, particularly greenhouse gas emissions, has put pressure on society to find renewable fuel alternatives. Compared to the traditional biofuel, ethanol, higher alcohols offer advantage as gasoline substitutes because of their higher energy density and lower hygroscopicity. For this reason, microbial fermentation is known as potential producers for sustainable energy carriers. In this study, bacterial responses including cellular and molecular toxicity were studied in three different microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Clostridium acetobutylicum, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, it was analyzed specific stress responses caused by ethanol and buthanol using four different stress responsive genes, i.e. fabA, grpE, katG and recA. The expression levels of these genes were quantified by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. It was found that four genes have shown different responsive patterns when E. coli cultures were under stressful conditions caused by ethanol and buthanol, respectively. Therefore, in this study, the stress responsive effects caused by these alcohols and the extent of each stress response can be analyzed using the expression levels and patterns of different stress responsive genes.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.250-258
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• 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the impact of low level bio-alcohols that can be applied without modification of vehicles to improve air quality in Korea. The emissions and fuel economy of low level bio-alcohols mixed gasoline fuels of spark ignition vehicles, which are direct injection and port fuel injection, were studied in this paper. As a result of the evaluation, the particle number (PN) was reduced in all evaluation fuels compared to the sub octane gasoline without oxygen, but the correlation with the PN due to the increase in the oxygen content was not clear. In the CVS-75 mode, emitted CO tended to decrease compared to sub octane gasoline, but no significant correlation was found between NMHC, NOx and fuel economy. In addition, it was found that the aldehyde increased in the oxygenated fuel, and there was no difference in terms of the amount of aldehyde generated among a series of bio-alcohol mixed fuels.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.267-276
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• 2018

This study was performed to investigate the ameliorating effect of a hangover beverage mixture (SBJ) that contains Dendropanax morbifera Lev. and several medicinal plant extracts, on hepatoprotection and alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in alcohol-induced hangover in both in vitro and in vivo models. In human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, 300 mM of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly improved by pretreatment of SBJ by dose-dependent manner. In the in vivo study, administration of alcohol to rats raised to the concentration of blood alcohol and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Blood alcohol and LDH levels in SBJ-treated rats significantly decreased at 0.5 h and 8 h after acute ethanol administration (40%, 4.6 g/kg body weight) as compared to alcohol-treated rats. Hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were significantly higher in SBJ-treated rats than in alcohol-treated rats. SBJ supplementation reduced formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), and inhibited reductions of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), hepatic glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, compared with rats administered alcohol. Plasma catalase (CAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels showed unaltered resulted in all experimental groups compared with the control group. These results suggest that SBJ exhibit hepatoprotective properties by enhancing ADH, ALDH activity and stimulating the antioxidant defense system in alcohol-induced hangover.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1978.04a
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• pp.97.4-97
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• 1978

이미 발표한 바와 같이 사과산을 강력히 분해하는 Schizosacharomyces japonicus var. japonicus를 과실주에 직접 적용하기 위한 기초적 자료를 얻고자 하여 양조학적 성질을 검토한 바를 보고하고자 한다. 사과산의 정량은 paper chromatograohy에 의하여 발색시킨 사과산의 spot를 Goodban의 방법에 의하여 비색 정량하였다. 본 공시균은 pH 4.2~4.8, 알코올 12% 이하, $SO_2는$ 150ppm 이하, $Mn^{2+}$ 은 $MnSO_4$ 로서 0.01% 이하의 농도에서 양호한 Maloalcohol 발효를 유도하였다. 더욱 공시균은 7.5%의 알코올을 생성시켰다. 당류의 첨가는 Maloalcohol 발효를 저해하였으며 정치 배양과 진탕 배양과의 차이점은 거의 인정할 수 없으나 공시균의 생육은 진탕 배양하므로 촉진되었다. 0.3%의 사과산을 $30^{\circ}C에서$ 정치 배양하므로 배양 6일로서 완전히 분해하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 1996

Transesterification of used frying oil was investigated to produce the bio-diesel oil. Experimental conditions included molar ratio of used frying oil to alcohol (1:3, 1:5 and 1:7), concentration of catalyst (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%), ippe of catalyst(sodium melhoxide, NaOH and KOH), reaction temperature (30, 45 and $60^{\circ}C$), and types of alcohol(methanol, ethanol and butanol). The conversion of used frying oil increased with the alcohol mixing ratio and with the reaction temperature. The effect of the type of catalysts on conversion was not significant. The highest conversion was obtained when methanol was used as alcohol. Viscosity was a little higher with the ester product over grade #2 diesel oil. But the physical properties improved significantly with transesterification, resulting in similar fuel properties with those obtained for grade #2 diesel fuel.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 1986

Glucoamylase and ethanol productivities of HSDD-170 and HSDM-119 formed by S. cerevisiae and S. diastaticus protoplast fusion were investigated. For the production of the glucoamylase, soluble starch as carbon source, yeast extract and C. S. L as nitrogen source added into the basal medium were favorable. The production of the enzyme reached at maximum after cultivation of the fusant for 4 days at 3$0^{\circ}C$, aerobically. The properties of glucoamylase produced by fusants were very similar to those produced by S. diastaticus as based on optimum temperature, pH stability. In alcohol fermentation from starch, strain HSDD-170 fermented starch faster than either of its parental strains. The maximum of alcohol yield in 15% of liquefied potato starch was 7.5% (v/v).