• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2023

This study aimed to determine the optimal fertilization level for the production of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. seedlings. The height, root collar diameter, biomass, seedling quality index, and chlorophyll content of Hovenia dulcis container seedlings (1-0) according to six fertilization treatments (control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 g·L^-1) were investigated. The height, root collar diameter, and biomass of Hovenia dulcis container seedlings increased with increasing fertilization, but there were no significant differences among the ≥1.5 g·L^-1 treatments, and the 2.5 g·L^-1 fertilization treatment was associated with significantly lower height growth. The seedling-quality index showed a high but non-significant difference in the ≥1.5 g·L^-1 treatment range, and the chlorophyll content was highest in the 1.5 g·L^-1 treatment group. Considering the environmental and cost aspects of fertilization, the appropriate level of fertilization required for superior container seedling production of Hovenia dulcis was 1.5 g·L^-1, and a minimum fertilization treatment of ≥0.5 g·L^-1 should be applied to meet the minimum seedling specifications. These results are expected to be used as basic data for establishing an efficient seedling-production system and stable supply of Hovenia dulcis, which is used as a medicinal and honey plant.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.74-74
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• 2022

본 연구는 붉나무의 기능성 성분의 산업화 활용을 위한 고품질의 붉나무 1년생 용기묘 대량생산을 위해 실시되었다. 붉나무 1년생 용기묘의 묘목품질의 향상을 위해 다양한 농도의 시비처리하여 우량묘 생산에 적합한 시비수준을 구명하고자 하였다. 시비실험은 무시비구 포함하여 수용성 복합비료 (N:P:K=20:20:20, v/v)를 1,000mg·L^-1, 2,000mg·L^-1, 3,000mg·L^-1 수준으로 실시하였다. 시비처리는 붉나무 용기묘의 간장과 근원경 생장은 1,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구에서 생장이 가장 좋게 나타났으며 시비수준이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 뿌리형태 특성분석에서도 전체뿌리길이, 투영단면적, 표면적 및 뿌리부피가 간장과 근원경 생장과 동일한 경향을 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 건물 생산량은 부위별 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 및 전체가 모두 1,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 그 이상의 시비수준에서는 점점 감소하는 경향을 보였다. H/D(Hight/Root collar diameter)율은 전체가 3.82(무시비구) ~ 4.90, T/R(Top/Root)율은 전체가 0.56(1,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구) ~ 0.82로 조사되었다. 시비처리 에 의한 붉나무의 LWR(Leaf dry weight ratio)은 무시비구, SWR(Shoot dry weight ratio)은 3,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구, 그리고 RWR(Root dry weight ratio)은 1,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구에서 유의적 차이를 보이며 높게 나타났다. 묘목품질지수(QI)의 경우 1,000mg·L^-1 시비처리구에서 12.13으로 다른 시비수준들보다 월등히 높았다. 본 실험의 결과를 종합하면, 뿌리발달이 좋은 우량한 붉나무 생산에 적절한 시비수준은 1,000mg·L^-1 정도인 것으로 판단된다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.360-365
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• 1993

The infant seedling of rice(8-to 10-day-old) has often suffered from submergence just after transplanting due to the too short seedling height, 5 to 8cm, This experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of gibberellic acid($GA_3 : 25% soluble liquid) with the application methods of foliar spray and seed-soaking on the elongation of seedling height of infant rice seedling in machine transplanting, We used a japonica rice variety, Hwaseongbyeo, and the seeding rate was 200g per seed tray(30$\times60$\times3cm). Generally,$GA_3 and Metalaxyl increased the elongation of seedling height of infant seedling while Tetracycle decreased the seedling height, To increase the seedling height of infant seedling, the foliar spary application of $GA_3 was better than seed-soaking treatment. The optimum concentration of $GA_3 for the foliar spray was about l0ppm and the optimum application time of $GA_3 was 3 to 4 days after sowing.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.302-311
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• 2018

Using cylindrical paper pot nursery method, three kinds of commercial tomatoes 'Dafnis', 'DOTAERANG DIA' and 'Maescala' were grafted onto a commercial rootstock 'B blocking'. From 10 to 40 days after graft-take, growth traits of seedlings were investigated by 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0S treatments of standard nutrient solution(S) for seedling growth, and top to root ratio(TRR), compactness(CP) and Dickson Quality Index(DQI) were calculated. Two weeks after transplanting of the seedlings under three different night temperature targeting to 10, 15, and $25^{\circ}C$, which were not precisely controlled, the relative growth rate (RGR) was investigated. The quantitative growth traits of grafted seedlings increased with increasing fertilizer concentration, and various range of seedling size could be produced. Compactness and DQI were significantly regressed (Adj $R^2=0.9480$). Short-term RGR after transplanting was higher at 1.0S treatment of standard nutrient solution at the seedling age of 30 days and 40 days after graft-take(DAGT). DQI and RGR were significantly regressed linearly at respective fertigation strength. Specially the diminishing slope of RGR was lower at 1.0S fertigation strength with the increase of DQI than others. The results indicate that DQI could be applied as a quality index of grafted tomato seedlings and the relation analysis between DQI and short-term RGR also could be used to determine the good quality seedlings of grafted tomato grown in cylindrical paper pot.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.4
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• pp.443-449
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• 1997

We examined the effect of pretreatments on seed germination, seedling growth, optimal seedling density of Phellodendron amurense. The seeds were carefully purified after collection in late Oct. from natural population at Mt. Chiri. For the evaluation of pretreatment effects, seeds were sowed in an experimental nursery after being stored in open ground($2{\sim}8^{\circ}C$) with soaking in 20% $H_2O_2$, 50-fold pon-pon solution, cold moist stratification in refrigerator($2{\sim}4^{\circ}C$) and dry storage in roam temperature($4{\sim}18^{\circ}C$), respectively, For the effect of growth density of seedlings, seedlings germinated in nursery were precisely controlled with 53, 104, 220, 380 seedlings per $m^2$. Among pretreatments for the promotion of germination rate, pon-pon treatment(68.8%) was highest, the others were higher than that in dry storage(2.3%), and these seed pretreatment methods were significantly different at 1% level. The height growth of seedlings showed the most vigor from Jun.12 to Jul. 8, and from Jul.20 to Aug. 2, and it reached to 72.8% of height growth. In case of 1-0 seedling, although seedling density per $m^2$ was increased, seedling growth was decreased. The optimal seedling density was 104 seedlings per $m^2$. The standard seedlings for plantation were above height 55cm, root collar diameter 8.1mm, and root length 21cm. These results demonstrated that seed of P. amurense requires stratification for the germination promotion.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.503-512
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• 1997

최근들어 원예학, 농학, 식물학 등의 분야에서 각종 환경요인에 대한 식물의 생장반응을 연구하기 위한 기초 실험의 상당 부분이 인공광원을 사용한 가운데 이루어지고 있다. 또한 상기의 기초연구 이외에 식물공장에서와 같이 인공광과 태양광의 병용 또는 인공광만을 사용한 식물생산의 상업화에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 가운데 조직 배양묘, 접목묘, 실생묘 등을 인공광하에서 효율적으로 생산하기 위한 식물묘 생산의 실용화 연구도 수행되고 있다. 그런데 식물생산과 밀접하게 관련된 광(또는 복사)에 관련된 용어의 정의 또는 단위가 물리학, 조명 공학, 생물학 등의 전문 분야에 따라 서로 다른 경우가 있으며, 식물을 연구 대상으로 삼는 분야에서도 관련 용어와 단위가 뒤섞여 사용되기도 한다. 즉 하나의 용어가 복수의 의미로 사용되거나, 반대로 하나의 정의에 대해서 다수의 용어가 사용되기도 한다. 이러한 경우 단위가 명확하게 표시되지 않으면 사용된 용어의 의미가 애매하게 전달될 수 있다. 그러므로 식물생산과 관련된 용어 또는 단위의 사용에 혼란이 초래되지 않도록 용어와 단위를 통일하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 판단된다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.95-99
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• 2001

플러그묘의 보급이 확산되어지면서 이의 효과적인 생산에 대한 인식이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 대량 생산을 위해 셀 수가 많은 트레이에 종자를 파종할 경우 시간의 경과에 따라 작물은 도장하게 된다는 점이 문제로 나타난다. 묘의 도장방지를 위해서는 개체간 충분한 공간을 두어 육묘하는 것이 좋지만 이 경우 생산비가 증가하게 된다. 이에 대한 공정육묘상의 생육조절방안으로는 상토내 수분ㆍ양분 조절, 주야간 온도차이(Lim등, 1997), 자외선 이용(Inamoto 등, 195), 생장조절제 이용(Gilbertz, 1992; Kacia, 1997) 방법 등이 보고되고 있다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 1994

Runner-derived(Expt.1) and tissue culture-derived strawbeery plantlets(Expt. 2) were grown in pots under greenhouse condition and inoculated with inocula of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal(VAM) fungi isolated from a field strawberry plants. Total biomass of mycorrhizal strawberry plants was significantly increased. There was a similar tendency in the number of cluster and flower at 20 weeks after inoculation, and VAM fungi inoculation positively influenced the leaf number, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length of strawberry plants in all investigated times. However, no difference was in the flowering time of strawberry plants. Leaf margin of non-inoculated strawberry plantlets turned into raddish brown(7.5R 4/8) from around 4 weeks after habituation. Inoculation of VAM fungi at the time of habituation was much more effective in stimulating plant growth. VA mycorrhizal dependency were 162.7 % in the runner-derived strawberry plants, Dependency with pre-and post-habituated incoulation in tissue culture-derived plants was respective 116.4% and 106.0%. The levels of mycorrhizal colonization were increased with plant growth and infection rates by endophytes at harvest time were 47.5% in Expt. 1, 56.4% in Expt. 2, respectively. Contents of phosphorus, potassium and calcium in mycorrhizal strawberry plants at harvest time were higher than non-mycorrhizal ones however, magnesium concentration was decreased. These experiments demonstrated that VAM fungi could be introduced into nursery stages of strawberry plantlets including the temporary planting period to improve growth and plant nutrients uptake by mycorrhizal plants.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to find optimal nutrient condition of container seedling production of two tropical species for high seedling quality. This study was conducted to investigate photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll contents, and growth performances of container seedlings of Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia mangium growing under four different fertilization treatments (Con., $0.5\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$, $1.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$, and $2.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization). E. pellita showed outstanding photosynthetic capacity, photochemical efficiency, and chlorophyll contents at $1.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization. Meanwhile, E. pellita showed the highest photosynthetic capacity, photochemical efficiency, and chlorophyll contents at $2.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization, as fertilization rate were increased, those of A. mangium increased. Like physiological characteristics, Both E. pellita at $1.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization and A. mangium at $2.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization were higher root collar diameter, height, biomass, and seedling quality index than other treatments. These results showed that E. pellita at $1\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization and A. mangium at $2.0\;g{\cdot}l^{-1}$ fertilization is optimal nutrient condition, respectively. Moreover, fertilization rate controlling is very important for growth and seedling quality of container seedling.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 2019

Strawberry ($Fragaria{\times}ananassa$) is one of the most important and popular fruit crops in the world, and 'Sulhyang' is one of the principal cultivars cultivated in the Republic of Korea for the domestic market. The growth and flower induction in strawberry is the process which influences directly on fruit bearing and yield of this crop. In this study, effect of benzyladenine (BA), gibberellic acid ($GA_3$), and salicylic acid (SA) on growth and flower bud induction in strawberry 'Sulhyang' was investigated. The 3-week-old runner plants, grown in 21-cell propagation trays, were potted and cultivated in growth chambers with $25^{\circ}C/15^{\circ}C$ (day/night) temperatures, 70% relative humidity (RH), and light intensity of $300{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) provided by white light emitting diodes (LEDs). The runner plants were treated with one of three concentrations, 0 (control), 100, and $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of BA, $GA_3$, or SA solution. The chemicals were sprayed two times on leaves of runner plants at an interval of two weeks. After 9 weeks the results showed that the application of all chemicals caused reduction of root length and chlorophyll (SPAD) content as compared to the control. The lowest chlorophyll (SPAD) content was recorded in plants treated with $GA_3$. However, the treatment of $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ promoted leaf area, leaf fresh weight, and plant fresh weight. The greatest flower induction (85%) and number of inflorescences (4.3 inflorescences per plant) were observed in the treatment of $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;SA$, followed by $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;SA$. Overall, results suggest that foliar application of $GA_3$ solution could accelerate plant growth, while foliar application of SA solution could induce hastened flowering. Further studies may be needed to find out the relationship between $GA_3$ and SA solutions treated in a combination, and the molecular mechanism involved in those responses observed.