• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.356-365
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• 2012

There have been growing concerns among people about food safety due to insufficient information on foodborne pathogens. In this study, we developed a risk priority of 15 foodborne pathogens. For the priority determination we collected risk profile criteria information from CODEX Alimentarius Commission and developed countries. The basis for criteria we selected from information of surveillance were frequency and severity of disease, frequency of consumption and probability of cross-contamination. We also considered foodborne pathogens which have been managed in developed countries though those pathogens are not currently managed appropriately in Korea. Priorities were divided into three groups following these consideration. The first priority group includes Norovirus, pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp, Clostridium botulinum and Listeria monocytogenes. The second priority group includes Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Stapylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni and Bacillus cereus, and the third priority group includes Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella spp, Cronobacter sakazakii and Hepatitis A virus. Our results could be applied to prevent foodborne illness from fresh produce.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.48-48
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• 2019

Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson는 영명으로 Elephant yam 또는 Whitespot giant arum 으로 불리는 천남성과(Araceae) 식물로 동아시아, 뉴기니, 오세아니아, 마다가스카르 등지에서 자생하고 있으며 숲의 가장자리 또는 2차림에서 발견 된다. 다년생 식물로 덩이줄기는 어두운 갈색의 둥근모양으로 직경 20~25 cm로 자라고 수염뿌리가 사방으로 달린다. IUCN 적색목록(Red List)에 관심대상 종(LC: Least Concern)에 속하는 식물이다. 현지인들은 마(Dioscorea Polystachya Turcz.)처럼 채소로 먹기도 하며 약용으로 쓰이기도 하는데 복부장애, 소화불량, 천식, 기관지염, 빈혈 등에 약효가 있다. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius은 $25^{\circ}C{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, 연강수량 1,000~1,500 mm에서 잘 자란다. 가운데 눈이 올라오면서 생장을 시작하고 며칠이 지나서야 잎 또는 꽃으로 자라는지 알 수 있다. 잎의 생육주기는 잎눈이 생장을 시작하면 잎자루 끝에 소엽과 소잎자루가 접힌 채로 올라온다. 소엽들이 펴지면서 완전한 모습을 갖추는데 30일 이상의 생장기간을 갖는다. 잎의 형태는 우상복엽(pinnate compound leaf)으로 우산처럼 보이는 잎 하나로 광합성을 한다. 잎은 최대 높이 2.5~3 m, 너비 3 m까지 자라며, 잎자루의 색은 녹색과 청색으로 얼룩덜룩한 무늬가 있다. 인공환경 조건에서 Amorphophallus paeoniifolius 생활사 중 잎의 주기를 연구하기 위해서 광, 온도 등의 지상부 환경은 열대 및 아열대 식물의 자생지와 유사하게 조성하였고, 지하부 환경은 인공 배합토를 사용하여 조성하였다. 평균온도는 $25{\sim}28^{\circ}C$, 겨울철 최저 $16^{\circ}C$, 여름철 최고 $33^{\circ}C$를 유지 관리 하였다. 자동 환경제어시스템으로 온도 및 환기를 유지 관리하고 필요에 따라 수동제어 관리를 병행하여 조절하였다. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius는 잎을 먼저 생성하고 광합성으로 생산된 영양물질을 덩이뿌리에 저장을 하고 그 영양물질을 이용하여 꽃을 피우는 생육 특성을 지닌다. 실험에 사용된 공시 식물은 2018년 12월 미얀마에서 생체(덩이줄기) 형태로 도입되었다. 화분에 식재 후 약 5개월이 지난 시점에서 잎의 생장이 시작되었다. 2019년 7월 29일 기준으로 높이 80 cm, 너비 60 cm의 크기로 성장하였으며, 생육환경에 따라 3~5개월 뒤 잎이 지고 나면 다시 덩이줄기로 되돌아갈 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 지금까지 이 식물에 알려진 정보는 인공환경에서의 연구가 아닌 자연환경에서의 연구결과이기 때문에 인공적인 온실 환경에서 자란 Amorphophallus paeoniifolius는 잎의 주기는 더 오래 갈 수도 있으며 꽃의 주기 또한 느리거나 빠를 수 있다. 잎의 생장주기(Leaf Cycle)시 잎자루가 낮과 밤의 방향을 달리 하여 자라는 것이 관찰되었다. 이는 광합성을 위해서 잎자루의 방향을 햇빛 방향으로 돌리는 것으로 판단된다. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius를 실내 조경 식물 또는 식 약용의 소재식물로 활용하기 위해서는 꽃의 생장주기 등 추가적인 모니터링과 연구가 필요하다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.269-281
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• 2022

The prediction of changes regarding the distribution of vegetation and plant species according to climate changes is important for ecosystem management. In this study, we attempted to develop an assessment method to evaluate the possibility of the potential distribution of warm-temperate woody plant species of East Asia in Korea. To begin with, a list of warm-temperate woody plants distributed in China and Japan, but not in Korea, was prepared, and a database consisting their global distribution and bioclimatic variables was constructed. In addition, the warm-temperate vegetation zone in Korea was delineated using the coldness index and relevant bioclimatic data were collected. After the exclusion of multicollinearity among bioclimatic variables using correlation analysis, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, mean temperature diurnal range, and annual precipitation were selected as the major variables that influence the distribution of warm-temperate plants. A multivariate environment similarity surfaces (MESS) analysis was conducted to calculate the similarity scores between the distribution of these three bioclimatic variables in the global distribution sites of the East Asian warm-temperate woody plants and the Korean warm-temperate vegetation zone. Finally, using stepwise variable-selection regression, the mean temperature of the coldest quarter and annual precipitation were selected as the main bioclimatic variables that affect the MESS similarity index. The mean temperature of the coldest quarter accounted for 88% of the total variance. For a total of 319 East Asian warm-temperate woody plant species, the possibility of their potential distribution in Korea was evaluated by applying the constructed multivariate regression model that calculates the MESS similarity index.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.239-265
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of RDA adoption in Korea and the perception of university librarians on RDA adoption. For this purpose, the adoption status of two libraries that adopted RDA among domestic libraries was analyzed. In addition, interviews were conducted with eight university librarians, and narrative responses related to the adoption of RDA were collected and analyzed. As a result of the interview survey, the research participants recognized that the concept of RDA is very difficult and abstract, there are few implementation cases where RDA is applied, and that it would be very difficult to adopt RDA due to the personnel and budget conditions of the local library. The RDA adoption method recognized by the research participants is to improve RDA awareness, conduct RDA education, prepare guidelines for constructing hybrid bibliographic records when RDA is adopted, operate an RDA pilot institution, and establish a performance model. In addition, research participants need coordination with companies for implementation, prefer to change a specific point in time rather than batch retroactive conversion, discover success stories, establish RDA-related online channels, build and utilize national authority DB, and use the national budget and system support. In this study, based on the research results, a plan to adopt RDA for university libraries in Korea was presented.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.189-209
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the online book curation services and recommended books list by public libraries in Korea and to identify their properties. The case for analysis is a list of 11,447 recommended books provided by 35 online book curation services collected from 23 public libraries and the main results of the study are as follows. Only few case libraries were presenting recommendation themes, and recommendation targets were most often not specific, and the recommendation cycle of books was the most monthly. In general, books recommended for book curation do not overlap with each other, but there was overlap in the field of literature (novels) published in 2019~2021. For recommended books, the proportion of books published by some publishers was high, and books published in 2019~2021 were the most common. The subject areas analyzed based on the KDC 6th ed were literature the most. Readers analyzed by ISBN were of in the order of cultural books and children's books, and the type of publication was in the order of books, pucture books, and comics. Based on these research results, it was required to develop guidelines for online book curation service for public libraries and build a platform to share with libraries.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of infection control and prevention awareness among dental practitioners in Korea based on the infection control and prevention guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States. Methods: A survey was created on 'Standard and Education on CDC Infection Control Standards', 'Matters related to CDC Infection Control Prevention', and 'Characteristics of Research Subjects and Infection Control Characteristics' based on the CDC Dental Infection Control List.' A total of 222 surveys were conducted and used for frequency and cross-tabulation analyses. Results: Most research participants worked at university or general hospitals, and 93.7% had received infection prevention education within the past year. The average awareness of the CDC dental infection control standards and education was 77.2 %, which was higher than previous research results. Preventive awareness was 71.5% on average, and there was a statistically significant difference in preventive awareness between the certified and non-certified evaluation groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The participants of this study showed a higher awareness of infection control standards, education, and prevention than those in previous studies. However, this was insufficient compared with the CDC dental infection control standard prevention guidelines. Therefore, government agencies and related organizations must establish systematic infection control systems.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2024

There are many expectations and concerns regarding the introduction of the high school credit system as an educational innovation. To address concerns about the management of science courses in the high school credit system, we analyzed the characteristics of Alabama's science curriculum to identify potential implications. By analyzing Alabama's science curriculum, curriculum guide, and high school curriculum catalog of Madison City Schools, we found that, first, the system offers a variety of science subjects and operates on a non-graded basis. Second, the curriculum provides essential college and career preparation for all students in grades 9~12. Third, it consistently covers the same academic core ideas across grade levels in a logical progression. Fourth, it emphasizes interdisciplinary connections to enhance science and engineering literacy. The implications of these findings for managing science courses in Korea's high school credit system are, first, that Korea's system lacks course diversity compared to the U.S., making it is necessary to offer a wider variety of courses. Second, students should be guided to choose science subjects aligned with their career paths. Third, a hierarchy of science subjects should be established to reduce the burden between courses. Fourth, consideration should be given to interdisciplinary connections with other subjects to foster students' scientific literacy. Based on these suggestions, it is necessary to explore the appropriate provision of science courses in the Korean high school credit system.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2024

As the number of cases of applying IT systems to the existing isolated ICS (Industrial Control System) network environment continues to increase, security threats in the ICS environment have rapidly increased. Security threat scenarios help to design security strategies in cybersecurity training, including analysis, prediction, and response to cyberattacks. For successful cybersecurity training, research is needed to develop valid and reliable security threat scenarios for meaningful training. Therefore, this paper proposes a case-based security threat scenario development methodology for cybersecurity training in the ICS environment. To this end, we develop a methodology consisting of five steps based on analyzing actual cybersecurity incident cases targeting ICS. Threat techniques are standardized in the same form using objective data based on the MITER ATT&CK framework, and then a list of CVEs and CWEs corresponding to the threat technique is identified. Additionally, it analyzes and identifies vulnerable functions in programming used in CWE and ICS assets. Based on the data generated up to the previous stage, develop security threat scenarios for cybersecurity training for new ICS. As a result of verification through a comparative analysis between the proposed methodology and existing research confirmed that the proposed method was more effective than the existing method regarding scenario validity, appropriateness of evidence, and development of various scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.846-853
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• 2016

This study prioritizes Noxious Liquid Substances (NLS) transported by sea via a risk-based database containing 596 chemicals to prepare against NLS incidents. There were 158 chemicals transported in Korean waters during 2014 and 2015, which were prioritized, and then chemicals were grouped into four categories (with rankings of 0-3) based on measures for preparedness against incident. In order to establish an effective preparedness system against NLS spill incidents on a national scale, a compiling process for NLS chemicals ranked 2~3 should be carried out and managed together with an initiative for NLS chemicals ranked 0-1. Also, it is advisable to manage NLS chemicals ranked 0-1 after considering the characteristics of NLS specifically transported through a given port since the types and characteristics of NLS chemicals relevant differ depending on the port. In addition, three designated regions are suggested: 1) the southern sector of the East Sea (Ulsan and Busan); 2) the central sector of the South Sea (Gwangyang and Yeosu); and 3) the northern sector of the West Sea (Pyeongtaek, Daesan and Incheon). These regions should be considered special management sectors, with strengthened surveillance and the equipment, materials and chemicals used for pollution response management schemes prepared in advance at NLS spill incident response facilities. In the near future, the risk database should be supplemented with specific information on chronic toxicity and updated on a regular basis. Furthermore, scientific ecotoxicological data for marine organisms should be collated and expanded in a systematic way. A system allowing for the identification Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) should also be established, noting the relevant volumes transported in Korean waters as soon as possible to allow for better management of HNS spill incidents at sea.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2023

With rising concerns about pesticide spray drift by aerial application, this study attempt to evaluate aerodynamic property and collection efficiency of spray drift according to the leaf area index (LAI) of crop for preventing undesirable pesticide contamination by the spray-drift tunnel experiment. The collection efficiency of the plant with 'Low' LAI was measured at 16.13% at a wind speed of 1 m·s^-1. As the wind speed increased to 2 m·s^-1, the collection efficiency of plant with the same LAI level increased 1.80 times higher to 29.06%. For the 'Medium' level LAI, the collection efficiency was 24.42% and 43.06% at wind speed of 1 m·s^-1 and 2 m·s^-1, respectively. For the 'High' level LAI, it also increased 1.24 times higher as the wind speed increased. The measured results indicated that the collection of spray droplets by leaves were increased with LAI and wind speed. This also implied that dense leaves would have more advantages for preventing the drift of airborne spray droplets. Aerodynamic properties also tended to increase as the LAI increased, and the regression analysis of quadric equation and power law equation showed high explanatory of 0.96-0.99.