• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2004

User-Centered Design Approach plays important role in dealing with usability issues for developing modern technology products. Yet it is still questionable whether the User-Centered approach is enough for the development of successful consumer contents since the User-Centered Design is originated from the software engineering field where meeting customers' functional requirement is the most critical aspect in developing a software. However, modern consumer market is already saturated and in order to meet ever increasing consumer requirements, the User-Centered Design approach needs to be expanded. As a way of incorporating the User-Centered Approach into the consumer product development, Jordan suggested the 'Pleasure-based Approach' in industrial design field, which usually generates multi-dimensional user requirements: 1)physical, 2)cognitive, 3)identity and 4) social. It is the current tendency that many portal and community service providers focus on fulfilling both functional and emotional needs for users when developing new items, contents and services. Previously fulfilling consumers' emotional needs solely depend on visual designer's graphical sense and capability. However, taking the customer-centered approach on withdrawing consumers' unknown needs is getting critical in the competitive market environment. This paper reviews different types of user research techniques and categorized into 6 ways based on Kano(1992)'s product quality model. Based on his theory, only performance factors, such as suability, can be identified through the user-centered design approach. The user-centered design approach has to be expanded to include factors include personality, sociability, pleasure, and so on. In order to identify performance as well as excellent factors through user research, a user-research framework was established and tested through the case study, which is ' the development of new online service for teens '. The results of the user research were summarized at the end of the paper and the pros and cons of each research techniques were analyzed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.589-597
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• 2010

Strengthening the regulation standard of biological nutrient in wastewater treatment plant(WWTP), the necessity of repair of WWTP which is operated in conventional activated sludge process to advanced nutrient removal treatment is increased. However, in full-scale wastewater treatment system, it is not easy to fine the optimized operational condition of the advanced nutrient removal treatment through experiment due to the complex response of various influent conditions and operational conditions. Therefore, in this study, an upgrading design of conventional activated sludge process to advanced nutrient removal process using the modeling and simulation method based on activated sludge model(ASMs) is executed. And a design optimization of advanced treatment process using the response surface method(RSM) is carried out for statistical and systematic approach. In addition, for the operational optimization of full-scale WWTP, a correct analysis about kinetic variables of wastewater treatment is necessary. In this study, through partial least square(PLS) analysis which is one of the multivariable statistical analysis methods, a correlation between the kinetic variables of wastewater treatment system is comprehended, and the most effective variables to the advanced treatment operation result is deducted. Through this study, the methodology for upgrading design and operational optimization of advanced treatment process is provided, and an efficient repair of WWTP to advanced treatment can be expected reducing the design time and costs.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.59-72
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• 2008

Computing systems in the modern era are expanding rapidly to include mobile-based businesses that make us of the various convergence distributed business process. This has lead to growing interest in the field of mobile embedded software development methodology, which has in turn lead to the proliferation of the embedded mobility. The use of CBD (Component Based Development) provides reusability, maintainability and portability, all of which are very important and focus issues to the business process. It also comes with the inherent productivity, quality and reliability of CBD. To make efficient use of CBD, though, clarified interface definitions for component integration are necessary. These definitions should be made up of collaborative hierarchical and horizontal architecture layers. Successful definitions should apply an effective framework made up of the architecture and process. In this paper, we describe an interface specification for small grained mobile embedded components(MEC) for the mobile embedded domain to meet maximum user requirements. We build and deploy the reconfigurable design patterns and components (in business domain categories) to make a component hierarchy and business logics for mobile embedded software. Proposed components specification plays a major role in development of the software for handling inconsistency in existing specification. It also includes plenty of specification information, using semantics and modeling based mechanisms to support business processes. We propose a development model of mobile embedded software using CBD for very complex and dynamic mobile business. We can apply it in a plug and play manner to develop the software. We verify that our framework supports very good productivity, quality and maintainability to meet the user's requirements in mobile business.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2014

Kompsat-3 is an optical high-resolution earth observation satellite launched in May 2012. In addition to its 0.7m spatial resolution, Kompsat-3 is capable of in-track stereo acquisition enabling quality Digital Elevation Model(DEM) generation. Typical DEM generation procedure requires accurate control points well-distributed over the entire image region. But we often face difficult situations especially when the area of interests is oversea or inaccessible area. One solution to this is to use existing geospatial data even though they only cover a part of the image. This paper aimed to assess accuracy of DEM from Kompsat-3 with different scenarios including no control point, Rational Polynomial Coefficients(RPC) relative adjustment, and RPC adjustment with control points. Experiments were carried out for Kompsat-3 stereo data in USA. We used Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle(DOQ) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM) as control points sources. The generated DEMs are compared to a LiDAR DEM for accuracy assessment. The test results showed that the relative RPC adjustment significantly improved DEM accuracy without any control point. And comparable DEM could be derived from single control point from DOQ and SRTM, showing 7 meters of mean elevation error.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-77
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• 2003

This study is to validate the use of macro language for the land suitability analysis aiming to help to resolve land use conflicts. The silver-town suitability analysis is conducted on the Geejang Gun, Busan Metropolitan city. Such digital maps as terrain, road, facility, and water body were created for various cartographic models. A cartographic model identified the best suitable areas for silver-town development based on the such site selection variables as a distance to facility and road, slope and aspect of terrain, land use etc. Then, the other cartographic model identified the most favorable site among the candidate sites based on the comparison of the aspect of proximity, usage and environmental quality. Macro language was used for these modeling process and was used for the manipulation of all these spatial variables used in the models to resolve land use conflicts relating to the decision making process of the final site selection. This study will improve the effectiveness and rationality of the traditional site suitability analysis.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.653-664
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• 2015

When the structural analysis is performed for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel, many parameters are considered such as relaxed ground loads, internal water pressure, external water pressure, the shrinkage of the concrete lining, grouting pressure, etc. But, there are no standards and manuals for the structural analysis for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel. Above all, the external water pressure has an much effect on the stability of tunnel. So, in case that permeability of ground is large, the external water pressure should be decreased by installation of weep hole, or reinforced ground by ground improvement grouting should be pressed by the external water pressure instead. But, when weep hole is installed to reduce the external water pressure, the many problems may me occurred. Thus, reasonable approach for treatment of the external water pressure is necessary if weep hole is not installed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze design cases and studies for treatment of the external water pressure in performing structural analysis for the concrete lining of the water pressure tunnel, and to find reasonable method for tunnel lining modeling which is the treatment of the external water pressure according to permeability of ground and consequently the design of ground improvement grouting.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2015

Although geophysical methods are useful and generally provide valuable information about the subsurface, it is important to recognize their limitations. A common limitation is the lack of sufficient contrast in physical properties between different layers. Thus, multiple methods are commonly used to best constrain the physical properties of different layers and interpret each section individually. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) and shallow seismic reflection (SSR) methods, used for shallow and very shallow subsurface imaging, respond to dielectric and velocity contrasts between layers, respectively. In this study, we merged GPR and SSR data from a test site within the Cheongui granitic mass, where the water table is ~3 m deep all year. We interpreted the data in combination with field observations and existing data from drill cores and well logs. GPR and SSR reflections from the tops of the sand layer, water table, and weathered and soft rocks are successfully mapped in a single section, and they correlate well with electrical resistivity data and SPS (suspension PS) well-logging profiles. In addition, subsurface interfaces in the integrated section correlate well with S-wave velocity structures from multi-channel analysis shear wave (MASW) data, a method that was recently developed to enhance lateral resolution on the basis of CMP (common midpoint) cross-correlation (CMPCC) analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.355-365
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• 2015

As the global climate has dramatically changed over the past decades, there has been active research on evaluating its effects on food security, which has been recognized as one of the most important issues in the field. In this study, we analyzed the impact of the climate change on the Korean agriculture using meta-analysis methods. Especially, our research focus is on estimating the effect of CO2 concentration and two adaptations (planting-date and cultivar adjustments)on rice that accounts for a larger proportion of the Korean domestic agriculture. Unlike traditional general meta-analysis methods that use summary statistics of effects of interest, meta analysis specific to the agriculture literature was conducted by integrating the data on rice yield that were generated under various CO2 emission scenarios and general circulating models of the 6 collected individual studies. As a modeling approach, the rice yield change ratio was set as the dependent variable and the main and interaction effects of CO2 concentration and adaptation were considered as independent variables in a regression model, As a result, CO2 is estimated to have opposite effects on rice yield depending on whether any of the two adaptations is applied or not; decreasing effect without adaptation and increasing effect with adaptation. In addition, it turns out that the cultivar adjustment has a higher increasing effect on rice yield than the planting-date adjustment. The results of the study are expected to be used as basic quantitative data for establishing responsive polices to the future climate changes.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.74
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• pp.429-440
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• 2006

This paper comprises two specific objectives. The first is to examine the applicability of ordinary kriging interpolation(OK) to the p-adaptivity of the finite element method that is based on variogram modeling. The second objective Is to present the adaptive procedure by the hierarchical p-refinement in conjunction with a posteriori error estimator using the modified S.P.R. (superconvergent patch recovery) method. The ordinary kriging method that is one of weighted interpolation techniques is applied to obtain the estimated exact solution from the stress data at the Gauss points. The weight factor is determined by experimental and theoretical variograms for interpolation of stress data apart from the conventional interpolation methods that use an equal weight factor. In the p-refinement, the analytical domain has to be refined automatically to obtain an acceptable level of accuracy by increasing the p-level non-uniformly or selectively. To verify the performance of the modified S.P.R. method, the new error estimator based on limit value has been proposed. The validity of the proposed approach has been tested with the help of some benchmark problems of linear elastic fracture mechanics such as a centrally cracked panel, a single edged crack, and a double edged crack.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.435-440
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• 2004

연안침수지도는 태풍이나 해일에 의한 연안침수 발생 시 방조제의 월류 및 붕괴로 인한 예상 침수구역을 강우빈도(200년)별로 나타내고, 침수면적과 깊이를 표현한 지도로서 국외 선진국에서 방재형 국토관리 정책결정과 침수피해에 대한 대민 홍보의 수단으로 활용되고 있다. 국내에서도 연안침수에 의한 피해가 나날이 커지고 국토의 개발에 따른 자연 재해가 많아짐에 따라 보다 방재형 국토개발로 국민의 안전과 복리를 증진하고, 연안침수에 의한 피해를 최소화하기 위한 노력의 일환으로 연안침수지도의 제작 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구의 시범지역인 대부도 남부지역의 GIS 데이터베이스 구축은 문헌조사 및 기구축 데이터 확보, 지역의 특성에 맞는 신규 GIS 데이터베이스 구축 방법을 제시하였다. 침수구역을 예측하기 위한 모델링을 지원하기 위한 정확도와 경제성, 객관성, 현실성이 높은 지형공간자료의 효율적인 구축이 강조되었다. 구축한 데이터베이스의 세부 유형은 침수위험구역, 침수경계구역, 침수량 화살표이며, 기존에 구축된 데이터를 활용한 레이어는 해안선, 도로, 건물, 등고선, 등심선, 연안 표고점 측량데이터이다. 연안침수지도는 효율적인 재난관리를 위하여 다양하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 나아가 주민의 침수에 대한 경각심 고취와 사전 교육, 지방자치단체의 침수위험 관리업무의 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서 제작된 연안침수지도는 지자체 주민들을 위해 보기 쉽고 다양한 정보를 얻을 수 있도록 제작되었으며, 이를 위해 사진과 삽화를 추가하여 주민들에게 침수피해에 대한 경각심과 이해를 높이는데 중점을 두었다. 유지관리 후 활용체계 정비의 중요성’을 점검하고, ‘변동자료 발생원인의 분석’, ‘명확한 변동자료 입력 근거의 확보’, ‘갱신주체별 역할의 정의 및 유지관리 기준의 설정’, ‘분야별업무 특성을 고려한 관련 기준의 마련 및 타 시스템과 연계되는 항목을 고려한 절차 정의’ 등에 대한 다양한 접근을 시도하였다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 유지관리 모델을 기반으로 각 지자체별로 적절한 컨설팅이 진행되고 이에 따라 담당자의 실천이 이루어진다면 지자체 GIS의 투자대비 효과에 대한 기대는 이상이 아닌 현실로 다가오게 될 것이다.가오게 될 것이다. 동일하게 25%의 소유권을 가지고 있다. ？스굴 시추사업은 2008년까지 수행될 계획이며, 시추작업은 2005년까지 완료될 계획이다. 연구 진행과 관련하여, 공동연구의 명분을 높이고 분석의 효율성을 높이기 위해서 시료채취 및 기초자료 획득은 4개국의 연구원이 모여 공동으로 수행한 후의 결과물을 서로 공유하고, 자세한 전문분야 연구는 각 국의 대표기관이 독립적으로 수행하는 방식을 택하였다 ？스굴에 대한 제1차 시추작업은 2004년 3월 말에 실시하였다. 시추작업 결과, 약 80m의 시추 코아가 성공적으로 회수되어 현재 러시아 이르쿠츠크 지구화학연구소에 보관중이다. 이 시추코아는 2004년 8월 중순경에 4개국 연구팀원들에 의해 공동으로 기재된 후에 분할될 계획이다. 분할된 시료는 국내로 운반되어 다양한 전문분야별 연구에 이용될 것이다. 한편, 제2차 시추작업은 2004년 12월에서 2005년 2월 사이에 실시될 계획이다. 수백만년에 이르는 장기간에 걸쳐 지구환경변화 기록이 보존되어 있는