• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.414-418
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Plastic mulches widely used in raised-bed culture mainly to conserve water, control weeds and raise soil temperature. The most widely used plastic mulch colour is black. Reflective red and far-red light can affect on growth and yield of various vegetable crops. Objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics of reflective light of black and red plastic mulches, and to evaluate the reflective red and far-red light on the quality characteristics and yield of the Oriental melon (Cucumis. Melo L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). METHODS AND RESULTS: Oriental melon and tomato were cultivated over the reflective red and black plastic mulches in plastic house. Reflected red and far-red light over the red plastic mulch were 2.6 times higher than those of black plastic mulch. Red to F-Red ratio of black plastic mulch, red plastic mulch and sunlight were 1.14, 0.93 and 1.16 respectively. Intensity of reflected red and far-red light over red plastic mulch were highest at surface height of 30 cm. The higher the height of the surface decrease the intensity of far-red light. Accordingly, Red to F-Red ratio were increased. Reflective red plastic mulch increased the weight of fruit and content of sugar in Oriental melon and tomato. CONCLUSION(s): Yield of Oriental melon over reflective red plastic mulch was higher than that of black plastic mulch. These results suggested that reflected red and far-red light over the red plastic mulch affected allocation of photosynthate in growing Oriental melon.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2000

A field study was carried out to compare the performances of mulching with recycled paper, oil-treated paper and urea-coated paper in spring season potato culture. Soil temperature, weed occurrence, and the growth and yield of potato (cv. Sumi) were compared with unmulched control. The average soil temperatures at 5cm soil depth during the first 10 days after planting were 18.9$^{\circ}C$, under paper mulch and 20.6$^{\circ}C$, under oil-treated paper mulch, being lower 0.8$^{\circ}C$ and higher 1.2$^{\circ}C$, respectively, than unmulched control. Paper mulch lowered maximum soil temperature by 4.6$^{\circ}C$, on a fine day, while oil-treated paper mulch elevated it by over 6.6$^{\circ}C$, Urea-coated paper was decomposed fester than the mulch paper without urea coating. The former was decomposed 50% by 80days after mulching, but the later only 20%. In all mulch treatments, weeds were effectively controled throughout the potato growing season. The percent emergence of potato was not different significantly among treatments. However, a little lower emergence and poor early growth were observed under oil-treated paper mulch because of higher soil temperature. Except oil-treated paper mulch, the paper mulches with and without urea coating showed no difference in growth and yield of potato from the unmulched control. The growth and yield performances were poorest under oil-treated paper mulch. Oil-treated paper mulch would result in difference growth and yield performances if potato is planted earlier than April IS in the present experiment. Further researches are needed for this aspect.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.501-517
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• 2009

This research was carried out to study the effect of mulching materials and weed control methods on weed occurrence and growth of kale on upland and paddy soil of field culture at spring and autumn season. Paddy soil temperature of mulching treatments was high by $0.9{\sim}2.0^{\circ}C$ in comparison of non-mulching at autumn season. The control value of weed was over 91% at mulch paper and time required for weed control was reduced by 70% at mulch paper + machine weeding in comparison of non-mulching + hand weeding. The yield of kale was similar to that of conventional culture. Paddy soil temperature of mulch paper was higher on April, but lower on May and June than non-mulching at spring season. Dominant weed was Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum Makino, The control value of weed was over 91% at mulch paper, time required for weed control was reduced by 75% at mulch paper + machine weeding in comparison of non-mulching + hand weeding and the yield of kale increased by 34% than conventional culture. Dominant weed was Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis Ohwi. on paddy soil at autumn season. The control value of weed was 43% at mulch paper. Time required for weed control was reduced by 80% at mulch paper + machine weeding in comparison of non-mulching + hand weeding. The yield of kale increased by 26% compared with than of conventional culture.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mulching materials on the fruit quality of Miyagawa Early Satsuma Mandarin in the plastic house. The mulching time was 10 days after water irrigation breakage. The mulching materials used, in order of decreasing light reflectivity, were; micro-perforated vinyl sheets, non-woven fabric film, porous black P.E. film and non-mulching(control). Peel coloration by a values in the treatment of the micro-perforated vinyl sheets showed a 6.93 increase over the control group. The a/b values were similar to this trend, but there were no significant difference among the mulching treatment groups. The glucose level of fruit juice was much higher in the mulching treatment groups as compared with that of the control group, but there was no significant difference among the mulching treatments. Fructose content in the treatment of the micro-perforated vinyl sheets a 0.31mg%.m $L^{-1}$ increase over the control group. This group also showed a 1.36%.m $L^{-1}$ increase in sucrose and a similar increase trend in total sugar. The Brix value was 0.9 $^{\circ}$Brix higher in the micro-perforated vinyl sheet group(12.4 $^{\circ}$Brix) than in the control group(11.5 $^{\circ}$Brix) which result in a significant increase with micro-perforated vinyl sheet usage. However, the acidity level did not differ significantly among mulching treatments.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2015

This study was carried out to elucidate the effects of organic mulching materials on the weed inhibition and the growth of young jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Miller) trees from 2012 to 2013. Four organic mulching materials (rice straw, rice hull, sawdust and wood chip) were treated on jujube tree field in 2012. The range of weed control values was 96~98% in 2012. In 2013, the weed control values of rice straw, rice hull, sawdust and wood chip mulching were 7%, 60%, 27%, and 79%, respectively. The growth of young jujube trees was highest in wood chip mulching, whereas that in rice hull mulching was lowest. These results suggest that wood chip can be useful as a mulching material for weed control in jujube orchards.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.67-67
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• 2020

멜론(Cucumis melo L. cv. Reticulatus)은 다른 과채류에 비해 재배기간이 짧고 수확 시 노동력이 덜 필요로 하는 작물로 고품질 멜론 생산 시 판로 및 가격이 높게 형성되어 농가소득 향상에 적합한 작물이다. 멜론의 국내 시장규모는 1,000억원 정도이며, 일본의 멜론 시장은 4조원으로 40배 정도 큰 시장을 형성하고 있으므로, 수출을 위한 고품질 재배기술 개발이 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 충청북도농업기술원 시험연구포장에서 고온기 근권 환경 최적화를 위한 멀칭 방법을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 멜론은 얼스마운틴 PMR 품종을 4월 29일에 120 × 50 cm 로 정식하였으며, 멀칭 처리는 녹색비닐, 검정부직포, 종이멀칭지를 난괴법 3반복으로 각각 피복하였다. 멀칭자재별 생육특성 중 초장은 녹색비닐과 종이멀칭 피복처리에서 각각 148.1 cm, 144.8cm 로 우수하였으며, 엽폭 및 엽장은 유의성 있는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 생체중은 종이멀칭지로 피복한 처리에서 716.7 g plant^-1 로 가장 우수하게 나타났다. 과특성 중 과직경은 녹색비닐과 종이멀칭 피복처리에서 각각 16.1 cm로 우수하였으며, 과중은 종이멀칭지로 피복한 처리에서 2,235 g plant^-1 로 가장 우수하게 나타났다. 이처럼 멀칭재료에 따른 생육특성 차이를 확인하였으며, 이러한 적정 멀칭자재 선발을 통해 여름철 고온기 근권 환경 최적화를 통한 멜론 수량 및 품질향상에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2012

This research evaluated the effectiveness of organic matter ratios in substrate and mulching materials under mn-irrigated condition green roofs by measuring the effects on growth of Liatris spicata. Four mulching materials were installed, i. e. nun-mulched control(CON), volcanic ash soils(VAS), non-woven black fabric mat(NBM) and pine bark(PAK). Three levels of organic maller volume percentage in an amended soil were evaluated, amended soil: organic matter=100:0($A_1O_0$), amended soil: organic matter=80:20($A_4O_1$) and amended soil: organic matter=50:50($A_1O_1$). Plant height, number of leaves, diameter of flower stalk, number of florets, chlorophyll contents, shoot fresh and dry weight were recorded from April to September, 2010, and survival rate was examined on May 2011 of the following year. In the $A_1O_0$, the number of leaves, number of florets and chlorophyll contents were higher in Liatris spicata grown on NBM than other mulching treatments. Especially, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight were significantly higher. However, it resulted the lowest survival rate than other mulching treatments. 2. In the $A_4O_1$, the plant height, number of leaves, number of florets, shoot fresh and dry weight were higher than other mulching treatments, but there was no significant difference except for the plant height of Liatris spicata grown on NBM. The survival rate was decreased by 40~60%, compared with $A_1O_0$, after overwintering. 3. In the $A_1O_1$, the plant height, number of leaves, diameter of flower stalk, number of florets, chlorophyll contents, shoot fresh and dry weight were slightly higher than other mulching treatments, but there was no significant difference from Liatris spicata grown on NBM and VAS. The survival rate was observed by 0% over all mulching treatments after overwintering. Therefore, the non-woven black fabric mat(NBM) promoted the Liatris spicata's growth and flowering compared with other mulching treatments. However, the survival rate was decreased significantly, and the organic matter ratios were increased after overwintering under non-irrigated green roofs.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2001

The thermal and photometric properties of mulching materials modify the radiation and energy balance on the mulched soil surface and thereby change the soil temperature. The soil surface energy balances and soil temperatures under the mulching treatments of non-mulched control, recycled paper (RPM), and black polyethylene film (BPFM) were compared before and after the establishment of potato canopy. On August 30 in 1998 when potato was not emerged yet and solar radiation was 17.9 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ , the net radiation of the soil surface was estimated as 10.(1, 2. 4, and 1.3 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ under the control, BPFM, and RPM, respectively. The sensible and latent heat loss from the soil surface was 9.65 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ in the control, most of the net radiation being lost through evaporation and convection, whereas it amounted only to 1.39 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ in BPFM and 1.36 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ in RPM. Therefore, the soil heat fluxes were 0.36 1.02, and 0.06 MJ m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$ under the control, BPFM and RPM, respectively. On September 27 when potato canopy was fully developed, the soil surface net radiation in the control was sharply decreased as compared to that of Aug. 30, whereas the net radiation of the mulched soil surfaces showed little changes. The soil heat flux was -0.01, 0.95, and 0.12 MJ $m^{-2}$${day}^{-1}$ at the soil surface under the control, BPFM and RPM, respectively. As the mulching treatments brought about such alteration of energy partitioning into the soil, the highest soil temperature was recorded in BPFM and the lowest in RMP without regard to potato canopy development. However, the soil temperature differences among the treatments become smaller when potato canopy were fully developed.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.281-285
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of recycled paper mulch on weed occurrence and the growth and yield of rice in dry-seeded paddy field. Mulch papers with basis weight of 105, 110, 115g/$m^2$ were fabricated from recycled corrugate container. It took about 80 days after mulching for the mulch papers to reach 50% decomposition, showing no significant differences among types of mulch paper. Paper mulching was very effective in controlling the paddy weeds at early stage of rice growth, but the efficacy of weeds control decreased a little at late season. However the efficacy was still higher than the plot using herbicide. The paper mulch plot showed rice yield similar to the weed control plot using herbicide. It could be concluded that paper mulch can be used as an alternative for non-herbicidal weed control and ensure as high yield as the conventional weed control method using herbicide in dry-seeded rice field.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2001

Asparagus varieties popular in the foreign countries were collected and tested on their productivities and qualities for five years under rain shelter and open field conditions. Among the tested varieties, cultivars of UC309 and Excel showed superior productivity to the others in spear weight but the initial growth was not different among the tested varieties. However, the growth index was higher than the other varieties. According to the result from eight-year experiment, the best variety in productivity and quality were UC309 and Excel both for rain shelter and open field cultivations. To avoid the damage caused by stem blight, rain shelter and soil surface mulching treatments were tested with var. Excel. The spear sprouting and first harvesting date were a few days earlier in rain shelter cultivation than in open field, but there were no differences among the mulching materials. The number of spears and the spear weight per plant were increased in rain shelter cultivation, especially with rice straw and black P.E. mulching treatments. Marketable yield also increased by 253% in black P.E film mulching in rain shelter cultivation compared to non-mulching in open field. The stem blight examined in the autumn, 1997 was not observed under rain shelter treatment, but severe damage was observed in the open field regardless of the mulching materials. In the experiments, high asparagus yield could be achieved by black P.E. film mulching in rain shelter cultivation without the occurrence of stem blight.