• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.403-412
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• 2011

The execution of capital market law causes severe competition by promoting restructuring of financial industry. This study analyze efficiency and productivity change of the Korean Non-Life Insurance industry between pre-execution and pre-execution of capital market law using DEA model and Malmquist Index. Additionally, this study finds determinants of efficiency using tobit regression. The main results of this study can by summarized as follows. First, the efficiency with post-execution was increased comparing with pre-execution of capital market law significantly. Second, the productivity with post-execution was increased comparing with pre-execution of capital market law significantly. Third, significant determinants of technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency are weight of life planner. operation rate of assets respectively. And significant determinant of scale efficiency are firm size, operation rate of assets, weight of life planner.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.181-196
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• 2006

This study analyzed the inter-regional productivity performance of Southeast region of Korea, namely, Busan, Daegu, Ulsan, Gyeongbuk, and Gyeongnam for 16 service sectors, which are categorized by two groups, knowledge based service (5 sectors) and non-knowledge based one (11 sectors) for the period of 1997-2004. This study applied the method of Malmquist productivity change index(MPI) to the estimation of spatial productivity. According to the estimation results, firstly, the MPI of service sector has been deteriorated by annually 0.1% on average. However, when we divided the period into 1997-2000 and 2001-2004, the productivity performances of the second period was better than that of the first period, which are the same trend in knowledge based and non-knowledge based service sectors. Secondly, comparing productivity performances by region and sector during the whole period, Daegu has seven sectors which are relatively comparative advantage. and Ulsan and Busan have six and five sectors, respectively, which are relatively comparative advantage.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.203-215
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• 2013

This study calculated meta Malmquist indices and their bootstraped estimates and then decomposed them into technical efficiency change(TEC), technology change(TC), pure technology catch up(PTCU), frontoer catch up(FCU), using annual data set of general hospitals from year 2007 to 2011 collected by Korean Hospital Association and then analyzed productivity change and technology gap of Korean general hospitals. The results and implications were as follows below. First, public general hospitals showed higher meta technical efficiencies than private general hospitals while exhibited lower technology gap ratio which meant a few large private general hospitals led the whole general hospitals. Second, group productivity of private general hospitals increased larger than public general hospitals due to the differences of PTCU rather than FCU. But, there was no statistically significant differences for technical efficiency, productivity change, technology gap. Thus, public general hospitals played the same role as the private general hospitals in terms of the number of patients treated. But, considering financial hardships of public general hospitals, public hospitals needed to share and learn medical and managerial skills of the best practice of private general hospitals.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The era of today's day is that the era of the black gold age is now approaching the era of the blue gold age. As the importance of water increases, support and policies for the water industry are presented. The water industry is a public service industry but it faces the problem for unbalanced supply between users. One of solutions for solving the problem at hand is the privatization of the public service and it is the most sensitive and focused subject to the issue. Korea is also coming up for the privatization of the water industry. So, one of the privatization operations based on the privatization of the current waterworks law is management contract by the specialized organization and it is in progress to enhance the efficiency of public services. Therefore, this study aims at finding out the local water supply services' efficiency by K-Water using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis), and productivity analysis by malmquist index on 18 organizations of the implementation of local water supply management contract using the date from 2012 to 2014. According to the result of the DEA, 10 of the 18 organizations were the most efficient during 3 years and malmquist index for analysing the productivity was decreasing. That is because of the leakage ratio and utilization ratio of the raw water and both of them are significant to productivity. As a result, this study differs from the previous studies by analysing efficiency and productivity using DEA and malmquist index to the solution for the problem faced by current water industry.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.141-153
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• 2016

This study estimates the productivity change of pharmaceutical industry and decompose the change into technical efficiency change and technological change to explore ways to improve the productive efficiency. Unlike most previous studies, this study employs the non-radial and non-oriented slacks-based Malmquist productivity index which can deals directly with the input excesses and output shortfalls. In addition a smoothed bootstrap method is applied to estimate statistical confidence intervals for the Malmquist Index and its components. For the empirical analysis a balanced panel data set is constructed covering ten years over the period from 2005 to 2014. The input variables used in this study are number of workers, tangible assets and major production cost. The gross production is selected as a main output variable. The empirical results suggest that the productivity of pharmaceutical industry has decreased due mainly to decline in the technological progress rather than improvements in technical efficiency. An analysis result shows that the scale efficiency outweighs the pure efficiency in determining the technical efficiency of pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, in order to enhance the competitiveness of domestic pharmaceutical industry, it is important to continue supporting policies to promote the technology innovation capability through efficient R&D investment and industry reform strategy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2008

Firstly, this study is to compare two types of productivity changes in Seoul's urban bus industry by public transport reforms: one with considering accident costs (ML), the other without considering accident costs (M). The directional distance function (DDF), which is a form of data envelopment analysis, and the Malmquist (Luenberger) productivity index (ML, M) are used for the analysis. The results show that productivity increased regardless of accident costs over time, and the ML index is a little higher than the M index, which means that most firms experienced more of a reduction ratio of accident costs than a reduction ratio of inputs. Secondly, this paper is to analyze how reforms affect productivity changes. The results show that operational speed improvements or passenger increases most affect productivity increases, which means that the installment of median bus lanes or introduction of free transfers among public transport modes were effective in reducing both inputs and accident costs. However, operational system reforms including mid-public management were related with productivity changes but they were not as effective.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

This paper aims to measure and analyze R&D productivities and efficiencies of 17 major OECD countries including Korea over the 1984-2008 period by using the Malmquist Productivity Index and Data Envelopment Analysis, classifying R&D performance into an output and outcome aspects. It also searches the Korea's current status and characteristics in each R&D stage to enhance Total Factor Productivity (TFP) compared with other developed countries. Our major findings are the followings: (i) Korea's productivity index of R&D input vis-a-vis R&D output is very high (13.39% annual growth rate) compared with those of major advanced countries, whereas the annual average of efficiency index is very low (0.33), i.e. Korea's technical efficiency index has risen to 0.83 at the last time series started at 0.10 point and come up to the level of major advanced countries. (ii) the Korea's productivity index of R&D output vis-a-vis R&D outcome is very low (14.02% annual reduction rate) compared with those of major advanced countries, whereas the annual average of efficiency index is very high (0.22), i.e. Korea's integrated frontier technical efficiency index has dropped to 0.057 at the last time series started at 1.00 point and coming up to the level of major advanced countries. (iii) The productivity of R&D input vis-a-vis R&D outcome is positively correlated with that of R&D output vis-a-vis R&D outcome and the growth of R&D input factors. In a nutshell, it implicates that the effort to take advantage of R&D outputs, namely establishing the diffusion and commercialization system of technical knowledge to the level of developed countries, should be strengthened over that on the growth of R&D investment and output for enhancing R&D productivity and efficiency in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.14-22
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• 2009

This article makes a comparative analysis on the productivity in gas distribution industry between Korea and Japan, using Malmquist productivity index(MPI). The estimated MPI during $1997{\sim}2005$ shows that the productivity of Korean gas distribution industry has been generally higher than that of Japanese gas distribution industry. But Korean MPI made a drastic change from positive improvement (+ 0.37) during $1997{\sim}2000$ to severe deterioration (-0.60) during $2001{\sim}2005$, while Japan MPI has seldom changed. This change of Korean MPI is analyzed to result from the worsening of technical change rather than technical efficiency change. According to this result, Korean gas distribution industry needs to improve the technical change.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate various factors affecting the efficiency of China IC industry, reflecting the resource utilization and overall development level of China IC industry. In this paper, three input indicators (R&D Expenditure, Cash paid to and for employees, Total fixed assets) and two output indicators (Net profit, Sales revenue) were selected for 17 listed companies in the IC industry with operating profit of less than 1 billion yuan in 2018 and applied the technology efficiency theory and DEA analysis method to analyze the relative efficiency of the output base. The study found that one of the 17 companies analyzed was efficient, two were inefficient on an inadequate scale, and the rest were inefficient due to insufficient production technology, scale and management level. This study argues that enterprises should reduce resource input appropriately and strengthen scientific and technological innovation management to maximize resource utilization efficiency. Therefore, this study has important practical significance for improving the efficiency of IC enterprises. The Malmquist method will be used to study the total factor productivity of small and Medium-sized companies in IC industry.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.61-90
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• 2016

This study aims to identify the sources of productivity change in export manufacturing firms. After estimating the Malmquist productivity index, a panel regression was used to calculate the source of productivity change. Upon conducting a literature review of this field, six variables were selected as explanatory variables. The results of an analysis of 355 export manufacturing firms operating from 2009 through 2015 are as follows: First, both innovation activity and total assets had a positive impact on productivity change. However, employment cost intensity, equity ratio, and current ratio had a negative impact on productivity change in export manufacturing firms. Second, innovation activity and intangible assets had a positive impact on productivity change, but employment cost intensity, selling expense intensity, and equity ratio had a negative impact on productivity change in large export manufacturing firms. Third, innovation activity had a positive impact on productivity change, but employment cost intensity and equity ratio had a negative impact on productivity change in small and medium export manufacturing firms. Fourth, intangible assets had a positive impact on productivity change, but employment cost intensity, selling expense intensity, and current ratio had a negative impact on productivity change in export manufacturing firms listed on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index. Fifth, innovation activity and total assets had a positive impact on productivity change, but employment cost intensity and equity ratio had a negative impact on productivity change in manufacturing firms listed on the Korean Securities Dealers Automated Quotations. The managerial implications of this study are also discussed.