• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.573-578
• /
• 1994

Dongchimi as a Korean traditional fermented food was studied for the possibility of developing into as an ion beverage. Reverse osmosis process was applied to the concentration of dongchimi juice in this study. Dongchimi was prepared at different concentrations of salt and fermentation temperatures. Mineral components of concentrated dongchimi juice were analyzed and compared with those of ion beverage products. The changes of sugar contents and mineral contents were studied depending on different fermentation temperatures, periods and salt concentration. The amounts of mineral components such as $K^{+},\;Mg^{2+}\;and\;Ca^{2+}$ were increased during fermentation but slightly decreased in the last period. It was found that the concentrated dongchimi juice could be used as an improved ion beverage in future, since the electrolytic dissociation components were much more in the concentrated dongchimi juice than those in the existing ion beverages.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.569-573
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the differences of textural characteristics and microstructure of sugared chestnuts between heated by a heater and microwave. Raw chestnuts were boiled and infiltrated the sugar in sugar syrup by heating. The content of WSP (water soluble pectin) was increased, but HSP (hydrochloric acid soluble pectin) was decreased by boiling and sugaring. This change was remarkable when it was boiled and sugared by a microwave heating. The hardness, gumminess and chewiness were more decreased in the sugared chestnut boiled and sugared with a microwave than that processed with a heater. Microstructure of sugared chestnut processed with a microwave heating showed the distruction of cell wall.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.308-314
• /
• 1997

A retrospective review of the histopathology and clinical information of primary lung cancer was performed to investigate the trends in the histologic type related to sex, age, and smoking history. During January 1988 and July 1995, 541 pateints were diagnosed as primary lung cancer at the Korea Univeristy Anam Hospital. Male (423) to female(118) ratio was 3. 6:1. The most frequent histologic type of lung cancer in male patients was squamous cell carcinoma (223 patients, 52.7%) followed by adenocarcinoma (86, 20.3%) and small cell carcinoma (85, 20.1 %). In female patients, adenocarcinoma (64, 54.2%) wa most common, which was followed by squamous cell carcinoma (22, 18.6%) and small cell carcinoma (22, 18. 6%). The incidence of adenocarnimoma had an increased tendency recently (14.3% in 1988, 33.3% in 1995)(P=0.019). The predominant type in smokers was squamous cell carcinoma; whereas adenocarcinoma was the most frequent type in non-smokers. The proportion of patients aged less than 40 years (younger group) was 4. 0% (n=22). Of them, adenocarcinoma (7) and small cell carcinoma (7) were most common. In patients older than 40 years (older group, n=519), 243 (46.8%) patients had squamous cell carcinoma, and 143 (27.6%) adenocarcinoma. As age increased, the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma was increased (P=0.0005), adenocarcinoma decreased (P=NS), and small cell carcinoma remained unchanged. We suggest above data as a clinical guidance for management of primary lung cancer.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.32-39
• /
• 1983

실험동물에서 짧은 기간 감염시킨 후 얻은 간흡충(Clonorchis sinensis)에서는 거의 볼 수 없지만, 간, 담도 수술 또는 부검을 실시할 때 사람에서 얻은 간흡충중에는 검은 색소를 갖는 것을 관찰할 때가 있다. 이 색소는 살아 있는 간흡충에서도 명백하며, 색소가 없는 간흡충은 색이 분홍빛이고 투명한데 비하여 색소가 있는 것은 검은색을 띠고 불투명하다. 사람에서 얻은 간홉충 모두가 검은 색소를 갖고 있는 것은 아니며, 이제까지의 경험으로는 30세 이상 어른에서 얻은 간흡충중 그 길이가 약 1cm이상인 것에서 나타난다. 이 색소의 성분에 대하여 과거에는 빌리루빈, 또는 숙주 혈구세포에서 유래한 철을 포함하는 색소일 것이라고 생각하고 있었다. 저자등은 이 색소가 간흡충의 노쇠현상과 관련된 것으로 생각하고, 그렇다면 lipofuscin일 것이라고 생각하였다. 위의 가정을 확인하기 위하여 육안적으로 분명히 검은 색소가 있은 충체의 조직절편을 만들고, H & E, prussian blue, bilirubin, Fontina-Masson, PAS, amylase-PAS, Ziehi-Neelsen 및 AFIP method for lipofuscin등 8가지 조직화학적 염색을 실시하였다. 색소는 H & E, prussian blue, bilirubin, montana-Masson염색으로 착색되지 않았으며, PAS, amylase-PAS, Ziehi-Neelen, 및 AFIP method for lipofuscin에 염색되어 이것이 조직화학적으로 리포푸신 색소임을 확인하였다. 색소를 다시 전자현미경으로 관찰한 바 색소과립안에는 모양이 등글거나 타원형이고 크기가 $0.05~0.240{\mu}m$인 세포막구조가 산재하였음을 발견할 수 있어 간흡충의 검은 색소는 리포푸신 색소임을 다시 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.481-496
• /
• 2007

Die Arbeit beschaeftigt sich mit dem Entstehungsprozess und dem Organisationssystem der Raumordnung und Paumplanung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Selbstverstaendlich hat die deutsche Raumplanung eine laengere Geschichte und eine besondere Tradition, entstand die heutige einheitliche Raumordnungspolitik erst im Jahr 1965. Im Grunde hat die Raumplanung immer eine ausgewogene Raumentwicklung aufgesucht und ist in den infolge des foederativen Systems gerade komplizierten Verwaltungsaufbau integriert.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.471-493
• /
• 2010

The service industry has become very important for almost every country. The same goes for Korea, as its service industry accounts for more than 60 percent of GDP. However, it is true that the competitiveness of Korea's service industry is very low compared to that of major developed countries. It is particularly true for knowledge-intensive service sectors. In this reason, Korea needs to strengthen the competitiveness of domestic service sectors. There have been many studies on service innovation models. 1his paper tries to explore how to enhance the competitiveness of Korean service industry. It argues that the science and technology will play an essential role in strengthening the competitiveness of many service sectors and technology and innovation management will be very important also for them. Therefore, based on the review on existinf models, this paper suggests a "Model of Strategic Services Innovation Management" which is composed of strategic intent, technological innovation, and organizational innovation. Based on this model this paper analyzes two cases: Wal-Mart and Incheon International Airport Co. According to our analyzes, both companies have enhanced their competitiveness significantly based on technological and organizational innovations, which have been initiated at corporate leveL Therefore, the Korean service industry should actively adopt the Strategic Services Innovation Management Model in order to enhance its competitiveness and productivity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.188-199
• /
• 1996

The native ecological environment and aromatic constituents of Korean wild Codonopsis lanceolata and one Japanese strain were investigated to find Codonopsis lanceolata strains showing high aromatics, and to know regional differences among these strains. The results were as follows : There were no remarkable differences among the Korean wild C. lanceolata strains in ecological environments. Recovery yield of essential oils was highest in Togyusan strain with 0.009%. Difference in protein band patterns among these strains was not recognized, and peroxidase and esterase pattern changes were appeared in different collected regions at the leaf and root tissues. Major aromatic constituents were 11 kinds of aliphatic alcohols such as trans-2-hexenal, 1-hexanol, cis-3-hexanol, and trans-2-hexanol. And Togyusan strain, Sobaeksan strain, and Kayasan strain have the highest aliphatic alcohols of plant essential oils. In particular, BHT(butylated hydroxytoluene), one of the antioxidants, was detected in Chirisan strains.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.394-399
• /
• 2000

Odontoma is defined as a benign odontogenic tumor containing enmel, dentin as well as cementum. It has come to mean a growth in which both the epithelial and the mesenchymal cells exhibit complete differentiation. Most authorities accept the view today that the odontoma represents a hamartomatous malformation rather than a true neoplasm. The etiology of odontomas is uncertain but hypothesized to involve local trauma, infection, inheritance or mutant gene. The odontomas often cause various disturbances in the eruption and position of the teeth. The steps in removal of an odontoma in close relation to an adjacent impacted normal tooth should comprise 1) removal of odontoma and 2) exposure of the impacted tooth. Orthodontic therapy may be applied. Before treatment, the necessary space for the impacted tooth should be evaluated. If there is lack of space in the dental arch, orthodontic treatment should be carried out before operation.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.211-221
• /
• 2009

This study illustrates the relationship between the petrographic characteristics of micrographic granite and the topographic features around Ijin-ri. Light-brown to light- gray granite is composed of intergrown fine-grained quartz + orthoclase, displaying micrographic textures. Miarolitic cavities are abundant. Many micro-landforms including tor, tafoni, and gnamma occurred in the micrographic granite of the study area. Tafoni is dominant in the north and gnamma is dominant in south. From our study of the occurrence and textural properties, two alteration zones were clearly identified; one is an external zone (A) characterized by abundant of small sized miarolitic cavities and the other is an internal zone (B) having them less than zone A. The former is dominant in north, and the latter is dominant in south. Particular geomorphologic features such as fluting cores and raised rims are present in the Ijin-ri area. This suggests that development of miarolitic cavities played an important role in the formation of the various geomorphologic features. Consequently, the petrogenesis of the micrographic granite is related to geomorphologic features in the external zone typified by abundant tafoni such as the tiger rock, and the formation of a platform as micro-landforms is influenced by thetextural differences of host rock in the internal zone.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.115-136
• /
• 2018

Recently R&D projects take a collaborative works which involve industries, research institutions, and academic fields together. Collaborative R&D enjoys the economy of scales and economic efficiencies in that costs and risks share each others and compensate their competences. But there are some problems. The imbalance of power, the asymmetry of information, loss of trust, and opportunism among the co-researchers make the collaborative R&D difficult to succeed and disappointed outcomes. There are many variables on explaining the interorganizational relationships. Among them, I choose some relevant variables, construct research model and some hypotheses. Independent variables are fairness and quality, and dependent variables is loyalty. And trust are treated as the intervening variable between the independent variables and dependent variable. To test the research model and some hypothesis empirically, I collected the data using the questionnaire, The questionnaire was distributed to the persons that do collaborative R&D in Daeduck Innopolis. Sample size was 448, it was enough to analyze statistically. Data were analysed using the SPSS and AMOS. Procedural fairness and distributive fairness affect the organizational trust positively, and procedural fairness and distributive fairness affect member trust positively. Procedural quality and outcome quality affect the organizational quality positively. Procedural quality affects the member trust positively, but outcome quality does not affect member trust. Procedural fairness and distributive fairness does not affect the loyalty positively. Procedural quality does not affects loyalty, but outcome quality affects the loyalty positively. The organizational trust affects loyalty positively, and member quality affect loyalty positively.