• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate how to strengthen the formation of relationship competence through the lesson in the housing of the 2015 revised Technology Home Economics curriculum. In order to achieve this goal, we analyzed curriculum documents, achievement standards of curriculum, achievement standards of assessment, and assessment standards of the 2015 revised Technology Home Economics curriculum. Then, we analyzed whether or not the curriculum could be truly reflected in the school site by comparing and analyzing verbs of the assessment standards and curriculum content system. In addition, we suggested the plan to ensure that 2015 revised curriculum can be implemented well by proposing a method of teaching-learning and assessment standards to cultivate the formation of relationship competence among the housing lessons. The results of the study are as follows. First, the 2015 revised Technology Home Economics curriculum are categorized into three subject competences according to the content, but eventually show the content is not mutually exclusive with the three subject competences. It can be said to demonstrate the characteristics of human ability development, that is, one learning can't be related only to one competency. Second, it is difficult to reflect the assessing subject competencies system in school education, where evaluation is carried out based on the assessment standards. This is because the skills of the 2015 revised curriculum documents are partially reflected in the assessment standards. Therefore, this study shows that teachers need to cultivate various subject competencies. In order to overcome the fundamental limitations of the competency-centered curriculum, it is necessary to retrain the teachers as well as to improve teaching and learning methods for operating the curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.705-714
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• 2014

This text was analyzed and investigated the aerial part plants and buried seed plants at coniferous forest and broadleaved forest in Yesan-gun, in order to offer the basic data of potential natural vegetation change on secondary forest. Plants of buried seed germination were consisted of 29 taxa in coniferous forest (28 species, 1 varieties, of 27 genus, 20 families) and 36 taxa in broadleaved forest (34 species, 2 varieties, of 32 genus, 18 families). Family classification of buried seed plant was the most in Compositae, and emergent plot frequency was the highest of Cyperus amuricus in coniferous forest and Crepidiastrum sonchifolium in broadleaved forest. The soil depth of the most plants appearance was 0~10 cm in coniferous forest and 0~5 cm in broadleaved forest, and the soil depth of the most population appearance was 0~2 cm in coniferous forest and broadleaved forest. Population of buried seed germination was decreased according as soil is deep. Crepidiastrum sonchifolium was a plant that population of buried seed germination is the most. Similarity index of the aerial part plants and buried seed plants was low as 0.22, and coniferous forest and broadleaved forest was 0.40.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2009

The ichthyofauna in certain reservoirs in Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do were studied from August 17 to September 22, 2005. During the study period, 22,747 individuals belonging to 25 species, 20 genera, 9 families and 4 orders were collected. Of these, 14 species were cyprinid fishes, and the dominant species was Pseudorasbora parva (relative abundance 52.28%). There were six Korean endemic species (8.51%), including Sarcocheilichthys variegatus wakiyae, Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae, Squalidus mulimaculatus, Hemiculter eigenmanni, Pseudobagrus brevicorpus and Odontobutis platycephala the dominant species was Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae (7.59%). There were six introduced species (25.00%), of which Hemiculter eigenmanni, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco and Hypomesus nipponensis were introduced from other native stream systems (20.99%), and Cyprinus carpio (Israeli), Carassius cuvieri and Lepomis macrochirus were exotic species (4.01%).

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.3
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• pp.277-301
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• 2001

우리가 간단히 사용하는 언어는 실제적으로 아주 복잡한 진행과정을 가지고 있다. 사전상의 각 어휘는 대화상황에서 상호 작용하는 초기단계의 역할을 하며, 표현은 과거나 현재에 행해지는 대화상황 및 대화참여자의 발화 과정에서 생기는 일종의 일체감을 표시한다. 의사 소통을 한다는 것은 단어나 문장에 대한 다양한 의미와 각각의 개념에서 지시되는 표현을 수단으로 발생하는 대화상의 연관성을 의미한다. 이러한 모든 것은 의사소통에 있어 의미의 다양성과 관련을 맺고있다. 우리는 표현을 통하여 매우 복잡하고 다양한 양상들을 볼 수 있다. 대화내용에 따라 똑같은 표현들이 서로 다르게 이해될 수 있기 때문이다. 언어는 단지 사람이 행하는 언어처리의 일부만을 보여줄 뿐이다 언어를 처리하는데 있어서 문제가 되는 것은 매우 복잡하고 구성적인 진행과정이다. 청자는 의사소통이 진행되는 과정에서 활자와 함께 주어진 정보를 처리함으로써 상황을 내적 형상화하게 된다. 따라서 청자는 표현의 의미를 이해하려고 노력하며, 다양한 방법을 동원한 지식을 사용한다. 의사소통에 있어서 통사적$\cdot$의미적인 지식, 문맥에 맞는 대화지식 혹은 일반 지식을 대화상황에 맞게 적용하는 것이 그 예라 할 수 있다. 지시적 언어의 표현은 사전적으로 고정된 단어의 의미를 규정하거나 또는 이와 같은 단어의 의미에 정확하고 적절한 지시사를 규정하는 근거가 된다. 인칭$\cdot$장소$\cdot$시간을 지시하는 언어 Personal-, Lokal-, Temporaldeixis는 언어 시스템을 형성하게 되는데, 활자와 청자는 이러한 표현을 인칭$\cdot$장소$\cdot$시간으로 형상화하면서 의사소통을 한다. 따라서 자연어의 처리과정에 나타나는 다양한 표현들에 대한 심리학 및 언어학의 강력한 연구가 요구된다.에 기대어 텍스트, 문장, 어휘영역 등이 투입되어 적용되었으며, 이에 상응되게 구체적인 몇몇 방안들이 제시되었다. 학습자들이 텍스트를 읽고 중심내용을 찾아내며, 단락을 구획하고 또한 체계를 파악하는데 있어서 어휘연습은 외국어 교수법 측면에서도 매우 관여적이며 시의적절한 과제라 생각된다. Sd 2) PL - Sn - pS: (1) PL[VPL - Sa] - Sn - pS (2) PL[VPL - pS] - Sn - pS (3) PL(VPL - Sa - pS) - Sn - pS 3) PL[VPL - pS) - Sn -Sa $\cdot$ 3가 동사 관용구: (1) PL[VPL - pS] - Sn - Sd - Sa (2) PL[VPL - pS] - Sn - Sa - pS (3) PL[VPL - Sa] - Sn - Sd - pS 이러한 분류가 보여주듯이, 독일어에는 1가, 2가, 3가의 관용구가 있으며, 구조 외적으로 동일한 통사적 결합가를 갖는다 하더라도 구조 내적 성분구조가 다르다는 것을 알 수 있다. 우리는 이 글이 외국어로서의 독일어를 배우는 이들에게 독일어의 관용구를 보다 올바르게 이해할 수 있는 방법론적인 토대를 제공함은 물론, (관용어) 사전에서 외국인 학습자를 고려하여 관용구를 알기 쉽게 기술하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있기를 바란다.되기 시작하면서 남황해 분지는 구조역전의 현상이 일어났으며, 동시에 발해 분지는 인리형 분지로 발달하게 되었다. 따라서, 올리고세 동안 발해 분지에서는 퇴적작용이, 남황해 분지에서는 심한 구조역전에 의한 분지변형이 동시에 일어났다 올리고세 이후 현재까지, 남황해 분지와 발해 분지들은 간헐적인 해침과 함께 광역적 침강을 유지하면서 안정된 대륙 및 대륙붕 지역으로 전이되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 2014

Green Infrastructure(GI) is suggested to recover urban water circulation system as a newly conceptual alternative methodology by Korean landscape field in recent years. In this context, the study considers the essential meaning of GI. The methodology of this study is literature review with 47 published papers which were peer-reviewed in international journals in the recent 5 years. These papers were collected from online database and academic archives. The main analysis targets are definition sentences about GI. The each sentences were interpreted by semantic structure between verbs and objects in the definition sentences. As the results, it figured out 5 aims('Provide', 'Improve', 'Produce', 'Conserve', 'Reduce'), 4 objects('Humanistic', 'Environmental', 'Ecological', 'Hydrological') and 3 spaces('Object space', 'Technically available spaces', 'Object or technically available spaces'). The '5 aims' connected with the elements of '4 objects' based on the '3 spaces'. The elements was connected to the '5 aims' via single form or 2~3 forms of the essential meaning networks of GI. The study provides 83 meaning networks to use landscape architecture planning and urban planning.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1997

The climatic characteristics of Korea are analized with the data observed from 1972 to 1995 in 66 stations, using the climatic year method expressed by the $K{\ddot{o}}ppen's$ system of climatic classification. The climate of Korea is composed of the six climatic year types : Cfa, Cwa, Cwb, Dfa, Dwa and Dwb type. The Cwa and Dwa type occupy 95% occurrence frequency. The Cwa climatic year type predominates in the greater part of the Southern Area, the east slopes of the Taebaek Range and Cheju-do, the Dwa type does in Yongso Area and the northeastern part of Kyonggi Province. and the Cfa type does in Ullung-do. Such dominant climatic year regions become the stable climatic regions, while the regions where the various climatic types appear become the unstable climatic regions which are distributed in the northern part of the Southern Area and in the southern part of the Central Area owing to the shifts of the border between C type and D type. The border between C and D type is located in the Central Inland Area in the first half of the 1990's which the Cwa type predominates most. On the other hand the border is located in the middle part of the Southern Area in the first half of the 1980's which the Dwa type prevails most. Therefore the extents of the climatic year regions vary each year. In the interannual change of the main climatic year types, the Cwa type shows the increasing trend, while the Cfa and Dwa type reflets the decreasing tendency. The extending trend of the Cwa climatic year region appears during the period of the first half of the 1970's and the period between the latter half of the 1980's and the first half of the 1990's centering around the Southern Area. The Dwa climatic year region which was predominant in the Central Area in the first half of the 1980's has been reduced up till the recent years.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1988

In order to get basic information for establishing weed control methods, weed distribution was surveyed at 15 days interval in garlic and red pepper fields at 8 locations in Chungnam Province. In garlic fields, 68 weed species(27 families) were distributed. Portulaca oleracea, Chenopodium album and Digitana sanguinalis were most dominant and Equisetum arvense, Alopecurus aequalis, and Setaria viridis dominant among them. Highest number of weeds emerged in May and dry weight or weeds was more heavy in June and summer broadleaf weeds were most abundant throughout garlic growing period. In red pepper fields, 38 weed species(17 families) were distributed, D. sanguinalis, Cyperus amuricus and P. oleracea were most dominant and Echinochloa crus-galli, Eleusine indica, D. violascens, and Centipeda minima also dominant among them. The highest number of weeds were emerged in June and summer, grasses and summer broadleaf weeds were more abundant in June and July. Seasonal Shannon's diversity index(H'), maximum diversity(Hmax') and eveness(J') for the Shannon diversity index, and Simpson index were high in both red pepper and garlic fields. Interspecific competition(probability for interspecific encounter) was more severe than intraspecific competiton.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 1998

Field experiment were carried out to elucidate the changes of weed occurrence according to the sowing time and to establish the efficient weed control system in dry seeded rice cultivation. E crus-galli and D. sanguinalis are tow major weeds at the earlier sowings, but C. difformis was dominating at the later sowing. In the case of E. crus-galli, there was a tendency of gaining its dominance values as the rice growth stage advances. The later the sowing time was, the more weeds occurred at the early rice growth stages: However, when measured at heading, total dry weight was greater at the earlier sowings. Yield loss due to weeds were also greater at the earlier sowings. Community diversity of weeds was greater at the later sowings, while specific weed was gradually dominating as rice growth stage advances, regardless of sowing time. When herbicides were applied before 15 DAS, weeds were effectively controlled only upto 35 DAS. So systemic herbicide application, one on 0 to 10 DAS and the other on just after flooding, appeared to be recommendable in direct seeded rice cultivation.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2013

Literatures were reviewed to understand the weeds occurring on the lawn and the effective control methods of them. Thirty-seven species of 16 families including three species of Cyperaceae for example Cyperus sanguinolentus, nine species of Poaceae including Digitalis ciliaris, Poa repens, etc., and 25 species of broad-leaved weeds such as Artemisia princeps, Draba nemorosa, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides were occurred on the lawns. One hundred ninety-six weed species of 53 families were occurred on a tomb graveyard adjacent to the mountain. Therefore, it is possible to be infested by the weeds occurring on the graveyard on the golf course adjacent to the mountains. There are 67 items, 32 kinds of the soil treatment herbicides including dichlobenil GR, methiozolin EC, oxaziclomefone SC, imaxaquin GR et al, and 35 kinds of the foliar treatment herbicides including metamifop EC, bifenox flucetosulfuron WG, flazasulfuron WP, trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG et al. registered at the end of May 2012 for efficient management of the weeds occurring on the lawn. For effective management of the weeds, the herbicide can be generally applied twice a year on March to April and August to September for soil treatment and once a year on June to July for the foliage treatment.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 2016

Timely application and the choice of herbicides are crucial for red pepper production since the yield is significantly reduced by weed occurrence. Experiments were conducted to provide efficient weed control methods in red-pepper fields. The results suggest the followings: 1) in the field of prevalent grass weeds, application of pendimethalin EC as pre-emergence herbicide after transplanting followed by tank-mix with pendimethalin and fluazipfop-P-butyl EC as post-emergence at 3-5 leaf stage of Digitalia species gave a good control for 80 days without crop injury, 2) as for grass and other weeds occurrence, sequential application of tank-mix with glufosinate-ammonium SL and pendimethalin at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) followed by glufosinate-ammonium. at < 20 cm of weed height with 30 days' interval provided better weed control than 2-time application of glufosinate-ammonium. single application for 80 days in this trial. 3) To prevent from drifting of non-selective herbicide spray mist into red-pepper at furrow application, glufosinate-ammonium. should be applied at 15 cm of spray nozzle height at 20 DAT (18 cm tall of red pepper), and the spray nozzle should be placed below 30 cm above ground to keep spray drift minimum to red pepper with > 40 cm plant height at 40 DAT.