• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.151-157
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• 1988

For the detection of the active cariogenic factors contributing to caries development, some practical methods such as the Snyder test, estimation of salivary flow rate and salivary buffering capacity test were evaluated statistically by comparing DMFT and DMFS indexes. Total 122 children (62 male and 60 female ; 64 rural and 58 urban) were selected ramdomly from the 6th grade of the primary school and their salivary cariogenic factors were analysed and evaluated. Among the total 122 children, 78.7% was positive in the snyder test in which the marked, moderate and slight caries activities were 29.5%, 30.3% and 18.9%, respectively. In the Snyder test, 74.45% was positive in urban children while 84.48% was positive in rural children. DMFT and DMFS indexes were markedly lower in negative group than positive group of the Snyder test (p<0.01). The mean and standard deviation of stimulated salivary flow rate was 6.97$\pm$2.57 in male and 6.34$\pm$2.54 in female but no significant difference was observed in sexuality. The stimulated salivary flow rate of urban children was slightly higher that of rural but there was no significant difference between them. However, the group that showed below average in the stimulated salivary flow rate was markedly higher in DMFI and DMFT indexes than the group of above average. The mean and standard deviation of stimulated salivary buffering capacity was 7.65$\pm$2.19 in male and 6.80$\pm$1.67 in female. This difference was significant statistically(p<0.05). Stimulated salivary buffering capacity of urban children was higher than that of rural. Increases in stimulated salivary flow rate and buffering capacity had reduced the onset of dental caries of 14-year-old permanent tooth.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2012

This study ultimately aims to suggest directions for development of U-City Competitiveness Index through thorough analyses of U-City competitiveness concepts and previous research in U-City-related index. In an attempt to reach the aforementioned goals, the concept of U-City competitiveness is presented based on existing publications on informatization age, future city, and U-City. Next, insights on the development of U-City Competitiveness Index are provided via analysis of research on indices regarding U-City and future city. Finally, the process of developing UCity Competitiveness Index and cautionary comments for each developmental step has been provided. Based on the research results, U-City competitiveness refers to the ability to respond to demands of residents in a timely manner as well as to manage U-City, ICT, U-City infrastructure, and U-City services that maximizes the efficiency of urban space management. In order for proper assessment of these criteria, development of assessment tools, selection of indices, standardization, allocation of weight per index, and construction of assessment framework are required.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.419-437
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to compare on the productive activities and life satisfaction between rural and urban elderly. Economic activities and caring labor activity had a negative effect on life satisfaction. but, community participation had a positive effect. In other words, the concept of productive activities in life satisfaction has multidimensionality. Therefore, using multiple indicators to measure is inappropriate. And, according to Chow test, coefficients that describe the structure of life satisfaction were different between the elderly living in rural and urban. The self-actualization needs of the elderly can be interpreted as due to be implemented differently, because of the different cultures of urban and rural areas. And, In life satisfaction, we have found that individual volunteer activity is more effective than volunteer through groups.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2010

People evaluate urban residential regions quite frequently and sensitively, considering issues such as locations or ease of use of in-site facilities or nearby urban facilities, and those results are bound to be reflected to real estate costs quite immediately. However, there have been frequently recurring questions regarding objectivity of evaluations in terms of results and methods reflected on indexes such as land costs for various reasons. RPMS -Residence Performance Management System- which targets currently in most cases on urban residential areas, suggests instrumental methodology of objective approach toward sensitive urban residence performance evaluation. This paper explains and suggests instrumental utilization of RPMS and its implementations, evaluation methodology and quantitative way of evaluation. In terms of implementation we explain issues such as adding target locations into new residence planning sites, quantification of properties on evaluation indexes of residential performance and/or habitability in terms of checklists, formulas for evaluation, delicate adjustment of evaluation results by setting weights on evaluation indexes, as well as reports on results. Research on appropriate weights and weight settings regarding evaluation indexes, however, exceeds the range of this paper so that this paper focuses on explaining residence performance evaluation and management methodology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.9-14
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• 2004

우리나라의 도시 옥외조명은 1988년 서울올림픽을 전후하여 관심이 확대되었으며, 서울시는 1996년 서울시 경관조명기본방향을 설정하고 숭례문 등 각종 문화재에 옥외조명시설을 설치하기 시작하였다. 최근 옥외조명에 대한 필요성을 인식하고, 설치하고 있는 초기단계에 있어 옥외조명을 계획하는데 반드시 고려해야하는 광공해에 대해서는 아무런 인식 없이 과다한 조명으로 광공해를 유발시키고 있다. 미국과 유럽, 일본 등 선진외국에서는 일찍부터 광공해의 심각성을 인식하고, 이를 방지하기 위해 옥외조명조례의 제정과 가이드라인의 발표로 양호한 조명환경 조성을 위해 노력하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 광공해가 거주자와 보행자에게 미치는 영향을 고려하여 주거지역의 옥외가로조명의 광공해에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 외국의 경우 광공해가 발생하는 지역의 조명환경개선사업을 펼쳐 광공해에 따른 악영향을 줄임과 동시에 조명에너지 절약의 효과도 가져왔다. 국내의 경우 전반 확산형(Non-Cutoff) 가로등이 보행자에게는 눈부심을 일으키고, 거주자에게는 프라이버시 침해와 숙면에 방해를 가져오므로 차폐된 조명기구를 사용해 이런 영향을 최소화할 필요가 있다. 따라서 국내의 경우 아직 광공해에 대한 기준이나 가이드라인이 없으므로 이에 대한 대책과 기준안 마련이 시급하다.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 2011

This study considers sustainability in new town development projects in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Since the mid-1980's the purpose of new Town projects in Japan changed from encouraging residential development to sustaining self-sufficiency within multi-functional cities. Nevertheless simultaneous increases in elderly population and declines in general population became the new town's key issue. Is this trend a general phenomenon in Tokyo? Has the multi-functional city policy failed? What policies can encourage new town self-sufficiency? Judging from this research, the new towns of Tokyo are relatively young areas with low aging rates and low rates of population decrease. Nevertheless, in view of the multi-functional city plan, levels of self-sufficiency and social-mix in most new towns are inadequate. Considering these, this research recommends new town plans be required to consider surrounding industries and the accessibility form CBD to encourage self-sufficiency. Moreover, The social mix plan encouraging residential diversity is important to the sustainability of the new town.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.411-421
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• 2011

This study aims to analyze the trend of migration and to find the factors which influence to migration in Chuncheon, Wonju and Gangneung. The results are as follows. First, the employment chance and education chance give positive effect to migration. And it agrees with the results of the preceeding researches. Second, Though the statistical significance is low, the result that urbanized degree gives positive effect to migration indicates the possibility of positive effect of urban convenience to migratioin. Third, the pavement rate of the roads which is substituted for public goods service gives the negative effect to migratioin, though the statistical significance is low. This result shows the possibility that the road building has influenced the extending of traffic distance and the spreading of residence area. In conclusion, this study identifies the positive effect of employment chance and education chance to migration, and the results of this study are supposed to be considered in the regional plan in Gangwon-do.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.475-483
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure accessibility and to examine distribution of restaurants in the local community. Methods: The target area of this study was two urban areas and a rural area in a city. We collected location information on all restaurants in target areas and classified all restaurants according to Korean food restaurants and Non-Korean food restaurants. We measured restaurant density per 100 m from the residences of the study population and calculated the distance of the nearest restaurant from the residences of the subjects using the Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method. We compared the accessibility and distribution of restaurants in urban areas with that of the rural area, and compared the accessibility and distribution of Korean restaurants with that of Non-Korean restaurants. Results: Restaurants in urban areas were more dense than those in the rural area, and, in urban areas, restaurants were intensively distributed around the subjects' residence. Also, there were more Non-Korean food restaurants than Korean food restaurants in urban areas, and it was opposite in the rural area. Conclusion: It is important that we understood the current state of the restaurant environment in the local community using GIS analysis for the first time in the field of food environment. Further research is necessary on the association of restaurant environments and the dietary life of the population.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2021

Objective : In this study, we wanted to analyzed the current status of domestic senior center programs to collect data for the development of center programs for small and medium cities. Methods : To collect data, the researchers visited small and medium cities (Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, Chungcheong, Jeolla and Gangwon) between July and September 2019 and conducted interpersonal surveys. The study involved 183 people. Results : The users mainly used senior centers 'because they of their friends' 55% indicated that they used centers four to five times a week. 45.9% were satisfied with their center, and 20.2% indicated that 'various programs' were needed to make the centers attractive. Of the non-users, 43.5% indicated that they did not use the centers for their lack of 'enjoyable' activities, and 46.5% indicated that 'various programs' should be developed to make the centers attractive. Programs favored by both users and non-users included exercise, hobbies and entertainment and health programs. Conclusion : The study show that the general factors influencing the use of senior centers by senior citizens living in small and medium-sized cities in Korea include the purpose of use, satisfaction with the program, and improvement points and limitations. Accordingly, the limitations of the existing center programs will be identified, and the findings can be used as the basis for the development of future programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.329-341
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of Share house quality, trust and commitment to reuse intention of share houses, which are used residences of the college students of South Korea, with a view to confirming whether such share houses can function as an alternative form of residence for college students and young generation. With this, it is intended to enhance the understanding of the current share house market and find implications in the reasonable supply of share houses in the near future and the improvement of the living environment. Literature reviews and empirical studies were conducted in this paper. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows; Regression analysis was conducted to see how tangibility, safety, empathy, reliability, and responsiveness of Share house quality affect trust, commitment, and reuse intension.